Izigubhu zase-Afrika, ukukhula kwazo kanye nezinhlobonhlobo

Umlando wezigubhu

Impela, ukushaya izigubhu kwakwaziwa umuntu kudala ngaphambi kokuba kwakhiwe noma iyiphi impucuko, futhi izigubhu zase-Afrika ziphakathi kwezinsimbi zokuqala emhlabeni. Ekuqaleni, ukwakhiwa kwazo kwakulula kakhulu futhi azifani nalezo esizaziyo namuhla. Lezo ezaqala ukubhekisela kulabo esizaziyo manje zase ziyisakhiwo sokhuni esinendawo engenalutho futhi okwakwelulelwa kuso isibhaxu sesikhumba sesilwane. Isigubhu esidala kunazo zonke esatholwa abavubukuli sisukela eNkathini Ye-Neolithic, okwakungu-6000 BC. Ezikhathini zasendulo, izigubhu zaziwa emhlabeni wonke ophucuzekile. EMesophothamiya, kutholwe uhlobo lwezigubhu ezincane eziyisilinda, ezilinganiselwa ku-3000 BC. E-Afrika, ukushaywa kwezigubhu kwakuyindlela yokuxhumana eyayisetshenziswa ezindaweni ezikude. Izigubhu zasetshenziswa phakathi nemikhosi yenkolo yobuqaba. Baphinde baba ingxenye ehlala njalo emishinini yamabutho asendulo nawanamuhla.

Izinhlobo zezigubhu

Kunezigubhu eziningi ezihlukene zase-Afrika eziveza isifunda noma isizwe esithile saleli zwekazi, kodwa ezinye zazo sezingene ngokuphelele emasikweni nasempucukweni yaseNtshonalanga. Singakwazi ukuhlukanisa izinhlobo ezintathu ezidume kakhulu zezigubhu zase-Afrika: i-djembe, i-conga ne-bogosa.

I-Djembe ingesinye sezigubhu zase-Afrika ezidume kakhulu. Imise okwenkomishi, lapho i-diaphragm yelulelwe phezu kwengxenye engenhla. I-membrane ye-djembe ngokuvamile yenziwe ngesikhumba sezimbuzi noma isikhumba senkomo. Isikhumba seluliwe ngentambo eboshwe ngokukhethekile. Ezinguqulweni zanamuhla, ama-hoops nezikulufi zisetshenziswa esikhundleni sentambo. Amabhithi ayisisekelo kulesi sigubhu athi “bass” okuyihithi enomsindo ophansi kakhulu. Ukuze ukhiqize kabusha lo msindo, shaya phakathi nendawo ye-diaphragm ngayo yonke indawo yesandla sakho esivulekile. Enye i-hit ethandwayo yi-"tom", etholakala ngokushaya izandla eziqondile emaphethelweni wesigubhu. Umsindo ophakeme kakhulu futhi ophakeme kakhulu yi-"Slap", eyenziwa ngokushaya unqenqema lwesigubhu ngezandla ngeminwe yokusabalalisa.

I-Conga iwuhlobo lwezigubhu zaseCuba ezidabuka e-Afrika. Isethi ye-conga egcwele ihlanganisa izigubhu ezine (Nino, Quinto, Conga kanye neTumba). Ngokuvamile adlalwa eyedwa noma afakwe kusethi yezinsimbi ezishaywayo. Ama-orchestra asebenzisa isigubhu esisodwa noma ezimbili kunoma yikuphi ukucushwa. Adlalwa kakhulu ngezandla, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi kusetshenziswa izinti. AmaConga ayingxenye ebalulekile yesiko nomculo wendabuko waseCuba. Namuhla, i-congas ayitholakali kuphela emculweni wesiLatini, kodwa futhi ku-jazz, i-rock ne-reggae.

Ama-Bongo aqukethe izigubhu ezimbili ezixhumene unomphela, ezinobude obufanayo namadiaphragm ahlukene. Imizimba inomumo we-cylinder noma i-cone encishisiwe futhi enguqulweni yasekuqaleni yenziwe ngezinti zokhuni. Ezinsimbini zomdabu, isikhumba solwelwesi sasibethelwa ngezipikili. Izinguqulo zesimanje zifakwe amarimu nezikulufu. Umsindo ukhiqizwa ngokushaya izingxenye ezahlukene ze-diaphragm ngeminwe yakho.

Isifinyezo

Okwakuyindlela yabantu bakudala yokuxhumana nokuxwayisa ngezingozi ezesabekayo, namuhla kuyingxenye ebalulekile yezwe lomculo. Ukushaywa kwezigubhu bekulokhu kuhambisana nomuntu futhi kwaqala ngesigqi ukusungulwa komculo. Ngisho nasezikhathini zanamuhla, uma sibheka ngokuhlaziya ucezu oluthile lomculo, yisigqi esiwunikeza isici sokubonga ucezu olunikeziwe olungahlukaniswa njengohlobo lomculo olunikeziwe.