Umlando we-sousaphone

I-Sousaphone – insimbi yomculo yethusi yomndeni womoya. Yathola igama layo ngokuhlonipha uJohn Philip Sousa, umqambi waseMelika.

Umlando wokusungulwa

Ukhokho we-sousaphone, i-helicon, yayisetshenziswa yi-US Army Marines band, yayinobubanzi obuncane kanye nensimbi encane. UJohn Philip Sousa (1854-1932), umqambi waseMelika nomphathi webhendi, wacabanga ngokuthuthukisa indiza enophephela emhlane. Insimbi entsha, njengoba icatshangwe umlobi, kufanele ibe lula kunomanduleli wayo, futhi umsindo kufanele uqondiswe phezulu ngaphezu kwe-orchestra. Ngo-1893, umbono kaSousa wenziwa waphila umqambi uJames Welsh Pepper. Ngo-1898, lo mklamo waphothulwa nguCharles Gerard Conn, owasungula inkampani yokukhiqiza ithuluzi elisha. Bayiqambe ngokuthi i-sousaphone, ukuhlonipha umbhali walo mbono, uJohn Philip Sousa.

Ukuthuthukiswa kanye nezinguquko zedizayini

I-sousaphone iyinsimbi yomculo ene-valve enebanga lomsindo elifanayo ne-tuba. Insimbi itholakala ngaphezu kwekhanda lomdlali, ekwakhiweni kwayo, ithuluzi lifana kakhulu namapayipi aqondile ajwayelekile. Isisindo esikhulu sensimbi siwela ehlombe lomculi, lapho "ebekwe khona" futhi etholakala kalula ukuze kube nzima ukudlala i-sousaphone ngenkathi uhamba. Insimbi ingahlukaniswa, okwenze ithuluzi lihlangene kakhulu kunama-analogue. Ama-valve atholakala ngendlela yokuthi angaphezulu kwe-waistline, ngqo phambi komenzi. Isisindo se-sousaphone singamakhilogremu ayishumi. Ubude obuphelele bufinyelela kumamitha amahlanu. Ezokuthutha zingabangela ubunzima obuthile. Ukwakhiwa kwe-sousaphone akukashintshi kakhulu ekubukekeni kwayo kwasekuqaleni. Insimbi kuphela eyayibheka phezulu phezulu, okwabizwa ngokuthi "umqoqi wemvula", kamuva umklamo waqedwa, manje ubheka phambili, izilinganiso ezijwayelekile zensimbi - 65 cm (26 amayintshi) sezisunguliwe.

I-Sousaphone iwumhlobiso wanoma iyiphi i-orchestra. Ukwakhiwa kwayo, i-sheet sheet nethusi isetshenziswa kaningi, umbala uphuzi noma isiliva. Imininingwane ihlotshiswe ngesiliva kanye ne-gilding, ezinye zezakhi zi-varnished. Ingaphezulu lensimbi litholakala ukuze licishe libonakale ngokuphelele ezilalelini. Ukuze kukhiqizwe ama-sousaphones esimanje, ezinye izinkampani zisebenzisa i-fiberglass. Ngenxa yalezi zinguquko, impilo yethuluzi yanda, yaqala ukukala futhi yabiza kancane kancane.

Insimbi ayizange isetshenziswe kakhulu ekudlalweni kwe-pop ne-jazz ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obukhulu nesisindo. Kwakunenkolelo yokuthi kwakudingeka amandla obuqhawe ukuze uyidlale. Kulezi zinsuku, izwakala kakhulu kuma-symphony orchestra kanye nama-parade processions.

Kuze kube manje, ama-sousaphones ochwepheshe akhiqizwa izinkampani ezifana neHolton, King, Olds, Conn, Yamaha, ezinye izingxenye zensimbi ezikhiqizwe yiKing, Conn zisemhlabeni wonke futhi ziyalingana. Kukhona ama-analogues wethuluzi, akhiqizwa e-China naseNdiya, asengaphansi kwekhwalithi.