I-segno kanye nelambu izimpawu ezimbili ezinhle zesifinyezo ekubhaleni komculo, okukuvumela ukuthi wonge okuningi ephepheni nakupende. Zenza umsebenzi wokuzulazula futhi zisetshenziswa lapho, ngesikhathi sokusebenza komsebenzi, kudingeka ukuthi kuphindeke noma kweqe ingxenye ethile yesikhathi esibalulekile. Ngokuvamile i-segno ne-lantern isetshenziswa ngababili, "ukusebenza njengeqembu", kodwa ukuhlangana kwabo emsebenzini owodwa akudingekile, ngezinye izikhathi kusetshenziswe ngokwehlukana. Сеньо (uphawu) – lolu wuphawu olukhombisa ukuthi uzoqala kuphi ukuphindaphinda. Isikhathi ofuna ukuya ngaso ekuphindaphindweni simakwe ku...

I-Breve isikhathi somculo esiqukethe amanothi amabili aphelele. Emculweni wenkathi ye-classical-zothando kanye nezikhathi zanamuhla, izifinyezo zisetshenziswa kakhulu. Isibonelo esimangalisayo esivela ezincwadini zomculo umdlalo othi "Sphinxes" ovela kumjikelezo wepiyano "Carnival" ka-R. Schumann. Ngokumangalisayo, lona kanye igama elithi brevis elihunyushwe lisuka esiLatini ngokuthi “elifushane”. Khumbula inkulumo edumile ethi: Vita brevis, ars longa (Ukuphila kufushane, ubuciko bungunaphakade). NgeNkathi Ephakathi, i-brevis yayingenye yezikhathi ezimfushane ezivame kakhulu, futhi inothi "yonke" yesimanje yayibizwa ngokuthi i-semibrevis, okungukuthi, isigamu se-brevis, izifinyezo ezimbili ezihlangene (noma izinombolo ezine eziphelele) zakha ubude besikhathi (isikhathi eside -) eside).

I-Accode - lena ubakaki ohlanganisa izinti. Kunezinhlobo ezilandelayo zamaculo: Ukudumisa okuqondile okujwayelekile noma umugqa wokuqala - lolu hlobo lwephimbo umugqa oqondile oxhumanisa zonke izinti zesikolo. Okusho ukuthi, umsebenzi walokhu kunconywa ukukhombisa zonke izingxenye okufanele zenziwe kanyekanye. Ukuhlonishwa okuqondile kweqembu kuhlonza amaqembu ezinsimbi noma abadlali kumphumela (isibonelo, iqembu lezinsimbi zokhuni noma zethusi, iqembu lezinsimbi zomculo ezinezintambo noma ibhethri lezinsimbi ezishaywayo, kanye nekhwaya noma iqembu labaculi ababodwa). Kuwubakaki oyisikwele “okhuluphele” one-whisker. Ukutuswa okwengeziwe...

Izikhawu zesici zivela kuphela ku-harmonic enkulu kanye ne-harmonic encane. Kunezikhawu ezine zesici kuphela, lezi zingamapheya amabili okuxhumene akhuphuka futhi ancipha izikhawu: okwesibili okungeziwe futhi kuncishiswe okwesikhombisa (uv. 2 kanye nengqondo.7); kwengezwe okwesihlanu futhi kwehliswe kwesine (uv.5 kanye nom.4). Njengengxenye ngayinye yezikhawu zesici kufanele kube nesinyathelo sesici, okungukuthi, isinyathelo esishintshayo ngenxa yokuthi imodi iba yi-harmonic. Kokukhulu, lesi yisinyathelo esiphansi sesithupha, kanti kwabancane, lesi sinyathelo singesesikhombisa esanda. Isinyathelo sesici kungaba umsindo ophansi wesikhawu sesici noma ongaphezulu. Ngokuvamile, izigaba VI, VII,…

I-Tritons ihlanganisa izikhawu ezimbili - isihlanu esinciphile (dim. 5) kanye nesine esikhulayo (v.4). Inani labo lekhwalithi lingamathoni amathathu aphelele, futhi ayalingana ne-enharmonic (okungukuthi, azwakala afanayo, naphezu kokubhalwa okuhlukile negama). Lezi izikhawu ezibhanqiwe, njengoba i-uv.4 ingukuguqulwa kwengqondo.5 futhi okuphambene nalokho, okungukuthi, aziguquki ngokulinganayo. Uma uphakamisa umsindo ophansi womqondo nge-octave. 5, bese ushiya umsindo wesibili endaweni, uthola SW. 4 futhi ngokuphambene. Ku-tonality ngaphansi kwezimo ze-diatonic, sidinga ukwazi ukuthola ama-newt angu-4 kuphela: izingxenye zesihlanu ezinciphile futhi ngokuhambisanayo, amaquart amabili akhulisiwe. Lokho…

Ngaphambilini, abafundi bafunde ezikoleni zomculo iminyaka emi-5 noma engu-7 - kuncike ekukhetheni okukhethekile (okungukuthi, ensimbi yokufundisa). Manje, mayelana nokuguqulwa kancane kancane kwaleli gatsha lezemfundo, imibandela yokuqeqeshwa isishintshile. Izikole zesimanje zomculo nezobuciko zinikeza izinhlelo ezimbili ongakhetha kuzo - pre-professional (iminyaka engu-8) kanye nentuthuko jikelele (okungukuthi, uhlelo olulula, ngokwesilinganiso, olwenzelwe iminyaka engu-3-4). Isifundo esibaluleke kakhulu esikoleni somculo Kabili ngesonto, umfundi uya ezifundweni ezikhethekile, okungukuthi, ukufunda ukudlala insimbi ayikhethile. Lezi zifundo zisekelwe kumuntu ngamunye. Umfundisi we…

Njengoba isisho sisho, akukephuzi kakhulu ukufunda. Kubaculi abakhokhelwayo kukhona abafika emculweni sebebadala. Uma uzifundela, khona-ke akukho mingcele ngokuqinisekile. Kodwa namuhla ake sikhulume ngezingane. Kufanele baqale nini ukufunda umculo futhi yisiphi isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuthumela ingane yabo esikoleni somculo? Okokuqala, ngithanda ukugcizelela umqondo wokuthi ukufunda umculo nokufunda esikoleni somculo akuyona into efanayo. Kungcono ukuqala ukuxhumana nomculo, okungukuthi ukuwulalela, ukucula nokudlala insimbi ngokwakho ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Vumela umculo ungene ku...

I-athikili yethu igxile ekutheni ungafunda kanjani ukuzwa nokuqagela izikhawu noma izingoma ngendlebe. Mhlawumbe yonke ingane ithanda ukufunda lapho iphumelela khona. Ngeshwa, i-solfeggio ivamise ukuba yisifundo esingathandwa ngenxa yobunkimbinkimbi bayo kwabanye abafundi. Noma kunjalo, lesi sihloko esidingekayo, esithuthukisa kahle ukucabanga komculo nokuzwa. Mhlawumbe, wonke umuntu owake wafunda esikoleni somculo ujwayelene nesimo esilandelayo: esifundweni se-solfeggio, ezinye izingane zihlaziya kalula futhi zenze imisebenzi yomculo, kanti ezinye, ngokuphambene nalokho, aziqondi ukuthi kwenzekani kusukela esifundweni kuya kwesinye. Siyini isizathu salokhu - ubuvila, ukungakwazi ukuhambisa ubuchopho, into engaqondakali ...

Mingaki imibala ewuthingo? Isikhombisa - abantu bakithi bazophendula ngokuzethemba. Kodwa isikrini sekhompyutha siyakwazi ukukhiqiza kabusha imibala emi-3 kuphela, eyaziwa yibo bonke - i-RGB, okungukuthi, ebomvu, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Lokhu akusivimbeli ekuboneni uthingo lonke emfanekisweni olandelayo (Fig. 1). Fig.1. Uthingo. NgesiNgisi, isibonelo, ngemibala emibili - eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye ne-cyan - kunegama elilodwa kuphela eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Futhi amaGreki asendulo ayengenalo nhlobo igama elisho okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. AmaJapane awanalo igama lokuluhlaza okotshani. Abantu abaningi “babona” imibala emithathu kuphela othingo, kanti abanye babona nemibili. Yini…

Ngobusuku bangoSepthemba 23-24, u-Johann Franz Encke, owayesanda kugubha usuku lwakhe lokuzalwa lwama-55, wangqongqozwa ephikelela endlini. UHeinrich d'Arre, umfundi owayephefumulelwe, wema emnyango. Ngemva kokushintshana imishwana embalwa nesivakashi, u-Encke washeshe wazilungiselela, futhi bobabili baya eBerlin Observatory ephethwe u-Encke, lapho u-Johann Galle owayejabule ngokufanayo wayebalindile eduze kwesibonakude esikhanyayo. Ukubuka, okwajoyina iqhawe losuku ngale ndlela, kwaze kwagamanxa ihora lesithathu ebusuku. Ngakho ngo-1846, kwatholakala iplanethi yesishiyagalombili yesimiso sonozungezilanga, iNeptune. Kepha ukutholwa kwenze…