Imigubho yeminyaka yomculo nezinsuku ezikhumbulekayo ngo-2017

Ngo-2017, umhlaba womculo uzogubha iminyaka yeminyaka yamakhosi amaningana amakhulu - uFranz Schubert, uGioacchino Rossini, uClaudio Monteverdi.

UFranz Schubert - iminyaka engu-220 kusukela kwazalwa uthando olukhulu

Esinye sezenzakalo ezibaluleke kakhulu zonyaka ozayo isikhumbuzo seminyaka engu-220 sokuzalwa kukaFranz Schubert odumile. Lokhu kuhlalisana, ukwethembana, ngokusho kwabantu besikhathi sakhe, umuntu waphila impilo emfushane kodwa enezithelo kakhulu.

Ngenxa yomsebenzi wakhe, wathola ilungelo lokubizwa ngomqambi omkhulu wothando. Umculi omuhle kakhulu, ovuleleke ngokomzwelo emsebenzini wakhe, wadala izingoma ezingaphezu kuka-600, eziningi zazo eziye zaba ubuciko bobuciko bomhlaba.

Isiphetho asizange sibe sihle kumqambi. Impilo ayizange imoshe, kwadingeka afune indawo yokukhosela kubangane bakhe, ngezinye izikhathi lalingekho iphepha lomculo elanele lokuqopha izingoma ezifika engqondweni. Kodwa lokhu akuzange kuvimbele umqambi ukuba athandwe. Wayethandwa ngabangane, futhi wabaqambela, eqoqa wonke umuntu ngobusuku bomculo eVienna, owaqala ukubizwa ngokuthi "Schubertiades".

Ngeshwa, ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe, umqambi akazange athole ukuqashelwa, futhi kuphela ekhonsathini yombhali, okwenzeka ngaphambi nje kokufa kwakhe, wamlethela udumo neholo.

I-Gioacchino Rossini - isikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-225 ye-maestro yaphezulu

Ngo-2017, kugujwa iminyaka engu-225 yokuzalwa kuka-Gioacchino Rossini, umphathi wohlobo lwe-opera. Umdlalo othi "The Barber of Seville" waletha udumo kumqambi e-Italy nakwamanye amazwe. Yabizwa ngokuthi impumelelo ephakeme kakhulu ohlotsheni lwamahlaya-satire, umvuthwandaba ekuthuthukisweni kwe-buffa opera.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi uRossini washiyela yonke imali ayeyilondolozile edolobheni lakubo ePesaro. Manje sekunemikhosi ye-opera eqanjwe ngaye, lapho kuhlangana khona wonke umbala wobuciko bomculo wezwe nowemidlalo yaseshashalazini.

Ihlubuki elingakhathali uLudwig van Beethoven - iminyaka eyi-190 selokhu ashona

Olunye usuku olungeke lwaphasiswa wukugubha iminyaka engu-190 kwashona uLudwig van Beethoven. Ukuphikelela kwakhe nokuqina kwakhe kunganconywa ngokungapheli. Uchungechunge lwamashwa lwawela esakhiweni sakhe: ukushona kukanina, okwathi ngemva kwalokho kwadingeka anakekele izingane ezincane, kanye ne-typhus ne-smallpox edlulisiwe, okulandelwa ukuwohloka kokuzwa nokubona.

Umsebenzi wakhe ungowobuciko! Cishe awukho umsebenzi ongeke waziswa izizukulwane. Ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe, indlela yakhe yokusebenza yayibhekwa njengentsha. Ngaphambi kukaBeethoven, akekho owaqamba noma wadlala kumarejista aphansi nangaphezulu epiyano ngesikhathi esifanayo. Wagxila kupiyano, eyibheka njengensimbi yesikhathi esizayo, ngesikhathi abantu besikhathi besabhalela i-harpsichord.

Naphezu kokungezwa kwakhe okuphelele, umqambi wabhala imisebenzi yakhe ebaluleke kakhulu esikhathini sokugcina sokuphila kwakhe. Phakathi kwazo kukhona i-symphony edumile yesi-9 ene-choral ode kaSchiller ethi “To Joy” efakwe kuyo. Isiphetho, esingavamile se-symphony yakudala, sibangele ukugxekwa okungazange kwehle amashumi eminyaka ambalwa. Kodwa abalaleli babeyijabulele le ode! Phakathi nomdlalo walo wokuqala, ihholo lagcwala ihlombe elikhulu. Ukuze umaestro oyisithulu akubone lokhu, omunye wabaculi kwadingeka amjikise ukuze abhekane nezilaleli.

Izingcezu ze-Beethoven's Symphony No. 9 ene-ode ethi “To Joy” (amafreyimu avela kufilimu ethi “Rewriting Beethoven”)

Umsebenzi kaBeethoven uwumvuthwandaba wesitayela sakudala, futhi uzophonsa ibhuloho enkathini entsha. Umculo wakhe ufana nokutholwa abaqambi besizukulwane sakamuva kakhulu, okhuphuka ngaphezu kwakho konke okudalwe abantu besikhathi sakhe.

Ubaba Womculo WaseRussia: Iminyaka eyi-160 yenkumbulo ebusisekile kaMikhail Glinka

Kulo nyaka umhlaba uzophinde ukhumbule uMikhail Ivanovich Glinka, oshone iminyaka engu-160.

Wavula indlela ye-Russian National Opera eya eYurophu, waqeda ukwakheka kwesikole sikazwelonke sabaqambi. Imisebenzi yakhe igcwele umqondo wokushisekela izwe, ukholo eRussia kanye nabantu bayo.

Ama-opera akhe athi "Ivan Susanin" kanye "Ruslan noLyudmila", adlalwa ngosuku olufanayo - Disemba 9 umehluko weminyaka eyisithupha (1836 no-1842) - angamakhasi agqamile emlandweni we-opera yomhlaba, futhi "Kamarinskaya" - i-orchestra. .

Umsebenzi womqambi usebenze njengesisekelo sokuseshwa kwabaqambi be-Mighty Handful, Dargomyzhsky, Tchaikovsky.

"Wakha ibhuloho" e-baroque - iminyaka engu-450 kaClaudio Monteverdi

I-2017 unyaka wesikhumbuzo somqambi, owazalwa kudala ngaphambi kwalabo okukhulunywe ngenhla: sekudlule iminyaka engu-450 kusukela ekuzalweni kukaClaudio Monteverdi.

Le Ntaliyane yaba ummeleli omkhulu kunabo bonke enkathini yokufiphala kweRenaissance kanye nokuqala ukusebenza kweBaroque yokuqala. Abalaleli baqaphele ukuthi akekho okwazi ukukhombisa usizi lokuphila ngendlela enjalo, ukuveza ubunjalo bobuntu bomuntu, njengoMonteverdi.

Emisebenzini yakhe, umqambi waphatha ngesibindi ukuvumelana kanye ne-counterpoint, eyayingathandwa ozakwabo futhi yabhekana nokugxekwa okunzima kakhulu, kodwa yamukelwa ngentshiseko ngabalandeli bakhe.

Ungumsunguli wamasu okudlala anjenge-tremolo ne-pizzicato ezinsimbini ezinezintambo. Umqambi unikeze indima enkulu ku-orchestra ku-opera, ephawula ukuthi izinsimbi ezihlukene zigqamisa abalingisi nemizwelo ngokuqinile. Ngokuthola kwakhe, uMonteverdi wabizwa ngokuthi "umprofethi we-opera"

IsiRashiya "Nightingale" ka-Alexander Alyabyev - iminyaka engu-230 umhlaba uyazi umqambi

Iminyaka engu-230 yokuzalwa kwakhe igujwa ngumqambi waseRussia, udumo lwakhe lomhlaba wonke lwalethwa uthando "The Nightingale". Ngisho noma umqambi engazange abhale lutho olunye, ukukhanya kwenkazimulo yakhe kwakungeke kuphele.

"I-Nightingale" iculwa emazweni ahlukene, ifakwe izinsimbi, iyaziwa ngamalungiselelo kaF Liszt kanye noM. Glinka, kunemibhalo eminingi engenasihloko kanye nokuguqulwa kwalo msebenzi.

Kodwa u-Alyabyev washiya ifa elikhulu, elihlanganisa ama-opera angu-6, ama-overtures, izingoma ezingaphezu kuka-180 nezothando, kanye nemisebenzi eminingi yamakwaya nezinsimbi zezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene.

I-Nightingale edumile ka-A. Alyabyev (Spanish: O. Pudova)

Amakhosi angeke akhohlwe yizizukulwane

Ngithanda ukusho kafushane ngezibalo ezimbalwa ezivelele izinsuku zazo zokukhumbula eziwela ngo-2017.

• Iminyaka engu-180 kaMily Balakirev odumile, owazalwa ngoJanuwari 1837. Lo mgqugquzeli nothisha we "Kuchkists" wasekela ukuthuthukiswa kobuciko bezwe ngenhliziyo yakhe yonke, wasekela abaqambi abasha baseRussia futhi wenza okuningi njengomuntu obala.
• Iminyaka engu-90 kusukela ekuzalweni kanye neminyaka eyi-10 kusukela ekufeni kwe-cellist omkhulu nomqambi uMstislav Rostropovich. Ngobuciko bakhe, imisebenzi yezenhlalakahle kanye nesimo sengqondo esingapheli, wamukela umhlaba wonke womculo, elwela ukuqinisa izibopho zamasiko abantu abahlukene.

Umbhali - uVictoria Denisova