I-Munich Philharmonic Orchestra (Münchner Philharmoniker) |

UMünchner Philharmoniker

IMunich Philharmonic Orchestra yasungulwa ngo-1893 ngesinyathelo sikaFranz Keim, indodana yomnikazi wefekthri yepiyano, futhi ekuqaleni yayibizwa ngokuthi i-Keim Orchestra. Kusukela eminyakeni yokuqala yokuba khona kwayo, i-orchestra yayiholwa abaqhubi abadumile njengoHans Winderstein, uHermann Zumpe kanye nomfundi kaBruckner uFerdinand Löwe. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-orchestra yabonisa izinga eliphezulu lokusebenza, futhi i-repertoire yayo yayibanzi kakhulu futhi ihlanganisa inani elikhulu lemisebenzi yabaqambi besimanje.

Futhi, kusukela ekuqaleni, ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yomqondo wobuciko we-orchestra kwakuyisifiso sokwenza amakhonsathi ayo afinyeleleke kuzo zonke izingxenye zabantu, ngenxa yezinhlelo zokusebenza kanye nenqubomgomo yentengo yentando yeningi.

Ngo-1901 no-1910 i-orchestra yenza i-Gustav Mahler's Fourth and Eighth Symphonies okokuqala ngqa. Imidlalo yokuqala yenziwa ngaphansi kokuqondisa komqambi ngokwakhe. NgoNovemba 1911, ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ngemva kokufa kukaMahler, i-orchestra eyayiqhutshwa uBruno Walter yacula okokuqala ngqa ingoma kaMahler Yomhlaba. Ngaphambi nje kwalokhu, leli qembu laqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi i-Orchestra yeNhlangano Yekhonsathi.

Kusukela ngo-1908 kuya ku-1914 uFerdinand Löwe wathatha i-orchestra. NgoMashi 1, 1898, umdlalo wokunqoba we-Fifth Symphony kaBruckner wenzeka eVienna ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwakhe. Esikhathini esizayo, uFerdinand Loewe waqhuba ngokuphindaphindiwe imisebenzi kaBruckner futhi wadala isiko lokwenza ama-symphonies alo mqambi akhona kuze kube namuhla.

Ngesikhathi sikaSigmund von Hausegger (1920-1938) njengomqondisi womculo we-orchestra, i-orchestra yaqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi iMunich Philharmonic Orchestra. Kusukela ngo-1938 kuya ku-1944, i-orchestra yayiholwa umqhubi wase-Austrian u-Oswald Kabasta, owathuthukisa ngokumangalisayo isiko lokucula ama-symphonies kaBruckner.

Ikhonsathi yokuqala ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II yavulwa ngu-Eugen Jochum ngokudlulisela iphupho likaShakespeare elithi A Midsummer Night's kaFelix Mendelssohn, umculo wakhe wavalwa ngaphansi kweNational Socialism. Eminyakeni yangemva kwempi, amakhosi avelele njengoFritz Rieger (1949-1966) noRudolf Kempe (1967-1976) aqhuba i-orchestra.

NgoFebhuwari 1979, uSergiu Celibidache wenza uchungechunge lwakhe lokuqala lwamakhonsathi neMunich Philharmonic Orchestra. NgoJuni wonyaka ofanayo, waba umqondisi womculo weqembu. Kanye noSergiu Celibidache, iMunich Orchestra iye yavakashela amadolobha amaningi aseYurophu, kanye naseNingizimu Melika nase-Asia. Imisebenzi yemisebenzi kaBruckner, eyenzeka ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwakhe, yaqashelwa njengezakudala futhi yandisa kakhulu udumo lwamazwe ngamazwe lwe-orchestra.

Kusukela ngoSepthemba 1999 kuya kuJulayi 2004 uJames Levine wayenguMqhubi Omkhulu weMunich Philharmonic. Naye, abaculi be-orchestra benza uhambo olude eYurophu naseMelika. NgoJanuwari 2004, uMaestro Zubin Mehta waba umbhidisi wokuqala oyisivakashi emlandweni we-orchestra.

Kusukela ngoMeyi 2003 uChristian Thielemann ube ngumqondisi womculo weqembu. Ngomhla zingama-20 kuMfumfu wezi-2003, iMunich Philharmonic Orchestra yaba nelungelo lokucula phambi kukaPapa Benedict XVI eVatican. Ikhonsathi ilalelwe izihambeli ezimenyiwe ezingu-7000, kanti umculi u-Tieleman wayesesitendi somqhubi.

Abaqondisi bomculo:

1893-1895 - Hans Winderstein 1895-1897 - German Zumpe 1897-1898 - Ferdinand Loewe 1898-1905 - Felix Weingartner 1905-1908 - Georg Schneefoigt 1908-1914 - 1919-1920-1920-1938-Ferdinand-1938 - Ferdinand Loewe 1944-1945-Ferdinand-1948-Ferdinand-1949-1966-Ferdinand-1967-1976-1979-1996-1999-2004-2004-2012-2012) -2014 - Osvald Cabasta 2015-XNUMX - Hans Rosbaud XNUMX-XNUMX - Fritz Rieger XNUMX-XNUMX - Rudolf Kempe XNUMX-XNUMX - kuSergiu Celibidake XNUMX-XNUMX - JamesXNUMX Levine XNUMX - JamesXNUMX Christian Levine XNUMX Valery Abisalovich Gergiev

Umthombo: mariinsky.ru