Ikhalenda lomculo - Mashi

Inyanga yokuqala yentwasahlobo yajabulisa abalandeli bomculo wakudala ngokuzalwa kwabaqambi abahlonishwayo njengoFrederic Chopin, uNikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, uJohann Sebastian Bach, uMaurice Ravel.

UMashi naye unothile ngabadlali abanekhono. U-Svyatoslav Richter, u-Ivan Kozlovsky, uNadezhda Obukhova bazalwa kule nyanga. Futhi lawo amagama amakhulu nje.

Izihlakaniphi zama-Classics

Ivula umbukiso wosuku lokuzalwa lwasentwasahlobo UFrederic Chopin. Wazalelwa edolobheni elincane Zhelyazova Wola eduze Warsaw. Mashi 1 1810 unyaka. Yonke i-romanticism enemibala eminingi, enemibala eminingi, edinga izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene nezinhlobo, yavezwa ngu-Chopin emculweni wepiyano. Ephoqelekile ukuba achithe ingxenye enkulu yokuphila kwakhe eFrance, umqambi, nokho, wayezinikele ePoland. Inganekwane Kazwelonke YasePoland yayigcwele kuwo wonke umculo wakhe, ngenxa yalokho u-Chopin waba ngowakudala wasePoland.

2 March 1824 unyaka wazalelwa eLitomysl Berdzhih (Friedrich) Smetana, umsunguli wesikhathi esizayo wesikole sakudala saseCzech. Umqambi uqondise yonke imisebenzi yakhe enezici eziningi ekwakhiweni komculo wochwepheshe waseCzech. Umsebenzi wakhe ogqama kakhulu, othandwa yizizukulwane, i-opera ethi The Bartered Bride.

4 March 1678 unyaka Umhlaba wawungummeleli omkhulu kunabo bonke enkathini yeBaroque - U-Antonio Vivaldi. Ungumnikazi wokuqanjwa kabusha ohlotsheni lwekhonsathi yezinsimbi kanye nomculo wohlelo lwe-orchestra. Udumo lwamlethela umjikelezo wamakhonsathi e-violin amane "Izinkathi".

7 March 1875 unyaka e-French Sibur emndenini wonjiniyela wesitimela wazalwa UMaurice Ravel. Ngenxa yesimo sokudala esakhiwe ngobuchule ngumama, amathalenta emvelo ezingane ayethuthukiswa njalo. I-Ravel ibe ngumgqamisi omkhulu we-impressionism yomculo. Ukufiphazwa kwemisindo kwahlanganiswa emisebenzini yakhe nokuvumelana kwezinhlobo zakudala. Futhi i-"Bolero" yakhe edumile izwakala namuhla kusukela kuzo zonke izindawo ezinkulu zekhonsathi emhlabeni.

18 March 1844 unyaka emndenini okude nobuciko, inkosi yesikhathi esizayo yesiko laseRussia, uprofesa we-orchestration kanye nokwakheka, umbhali wezincwadi eziningi zangempela zazalwa. UNikolai Rimsky-Korsakov. Itilosi lezempi eliyifa elathatha uhambo lokuzungeza umhlaba, lathanda umculo, laba nentshisekelo yokuqamba. Isithembiso esalandela sokuba uthisha esikhungweni sokufundela izingane saphoqelela umqambi ukuba ahlale phansi edeskini cishe kanye kanye nabafundi bakhe futhi aqonde izinto eziyisisekelo okwakufanele azifundise zona.

Ifa lomqambi likhulu futhi lihlukahlukene. Wathinta izindikimba zomlando, zezingoma, nezenganekwane. Wayevame ukuphendukela ezithombeni zaseMpumalanga, edala i-symphonic fantasy enhle emangalisayo "Scheherazade". Phakathi neminyaka engu-27 enguthisha, wakhiqiza abaqambi abangaphezu kuka-200, phakathi kwabo kwakukhona A. Lyadov, I. Stravinsky, N. Myaskovsky, S. Prokofiev.

Ngosuku lokugcina lukaMashi 31 koku-1685 kwazalwa umqambi onobuhle bethalente lakhe obungeke buphele - Johann Sebastian Bach. Phakathi nokuphila kwakhe, wayengenakubizwa ngokuthi isithandwa sekusasa. Wayengeyona ingane eyisimangaliso, kodwa, ngemva kokuzalelwa emndenini wabaculi befa, wathola imfundo ephelele. Phakathi nesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe, wazuza udumo njenge-ogani ye-virtuoso. Futhi eminyakeni eyi-100 kuphela ngemva kokufa kwakhe, umculo wakhe wazuza udumo. Manje izinto zakhe ezisunguliwe ezinamazwi angu-2 no-3 sezifakiwe ohlelweni lokuqeqesha oluyimpoqo lwabashayi bopiyano abasebasha.

Izintandokazi ze-Muses

UMashi akasinikanga abaqambi abakhulu kuphela, kodwa futhi nabadlali abanamakhono abathandwa yizigidi.

6 March 1886 unyaka eMoscow, kwazalwa emndenini omdala ohloniphekile Themba Obukhova. Ngemva kokuqala ukudlala upiyano ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukamkhulu wakhe, le ntombazane ngokushesha yaba nesithakazelo ekuculeni futhi yaqala ukutadisha amazwi e-Nice noMadame Lipman, umfundi kaPauline Viardot.

Njengoba enezwi elihle eliyingqayizivele, ubuciko obumangalisayo kanye nekhono lezwi elihle kakhulu, umculi wenza ngobuhlakani izingxenye ze-opera ezihamba phambili, okuhlanganisa uLyubasha ovela ku-The Tsar's Bride, uMartha waseKhovanshchina, Spring from The Snow Maiden.

19 March 1930 unyaka weza emhlabeni Boris Shtokolov, umculi odumile waseSoviet-bass. Umsebenzi wakhe wokucula waqala phakathi neminyaka yempi, eSolovetsky Jung School, lapho ayengumholi wenkampani. U-Stokolov ulethwe esiteji esikhulu ngenhlanhla. UMarshal Zhukov, ngo-1949, umkhuzi we-Ural Military District, wabona amakhono angavamile we-cadet yesikole esikhethekile se-Air Force. Esikhundleni sokukhonza, le nsizwa yathunyelwa eSverdlovsk Conservatory. U-Zhukov akazange enze iphutha, u-Boris Shtokolov wazuza udumo emhlabeni wonke futhi waya emazweni amaningi omhlaba, emele i-USSR ezigabeni zeshashalazi ezidumile zase-Italy, eSpain, e-USA, njll.

20 March 1915 unyaka kwazalwa omunye umculi, ukudlala kwakhe okukhaliphile kwanqoba futhi kwanqoba umphakathi womculo womhlaba - umdlali wopiyano Svyatoslav Richter. Kuyamangaza ukuthi lo mdlali owaziwayo emhlabeni, ngokwezinga elithile, wayezifundise, engenazo lezo zifundo ezihlelekile zokudlala izikali nama-arpeggios, okudlula kuzo inqwaba yabadlali bopiyano bakusasa. Kodwa ukusebenza kwakhe okumangalisayo, okuvezwe ezifundweni zansuku zonke zamahora angu-8-10, kanye nothando lwakhe olumangalisayo lokudlala upiyano kwavumela u-Richter ukuba abe omunye wabadlali bopiyano abakhulu besikhathi sethu.

UFrederic Chopin - Mazurka ku-A minor, ukubunjwa kwe-17 No eyenziwe nguSvyatoslav Richter

24 March 1900 unyaka kwazalwa omunye umculi omkhulu waseRussia - tenor U-Ivan Kozlovsky. Wayehlala efuna izindlela ezintsha zokusebenza, wasebenza ekucebiseni i-repertoire ngezingoma ezintsha ezingaziwa. Futhi i-Holy Fool yakhe ku-"Boris Godunov" iyingcweti, okungekho umculi wesikhathi sethu ongakakwazi ukudlula.

27 March 1927 unyaka wabonakala emhlabeni UMstislav Rostropovich: brilliant cellist, conductor, figure yomphakathi. Phakathi neminyaka yokuphila kwakhe kokudala, waklonyeliswa ngemiklomelo eminingi yomculo ehlonishwa kakhulu, kuhlanganise nokufakwa kumalungu e-"Forty Immortals" e-Academy of Arts of France, ilungu elihloniphekile lezinhlangano zezobuciko zase-USA, Japan, Sweden. , njll. Unemiklomelo evela emazweni angama-29. Ngemisebenzi yakhe ehlukahlukene ehloselwe ubudlelwano phakathi kwezizwe, i-maestro ibizwa ngokuthi "Gagarin of the cello" kwezobuciko.

Iqala ngoMashi

Ujabulile ngoMashi kanye nemikhiqizo emisha. Ngo-March 5, 1942 e-Kuibyshev, i-symphony yokuqala ye-symphony engu-7 kaShostakovich yenzeka, ayibiza ngokuthi "Leningrad". Kulo, ngokusho kuka-Alexei Tolstoy, umuntu angakwazi ukuzwa ukunqoba komuntu kumuntu.

NgoMashi 29, 1879, abathandi be-opera bakwazi ukuya ku-premiere ye-PI Tchaikovsky "Eugene Onegin". Lesi isibonelo esingenakuqhathaniswa somculo womculo, ukuhlanganiswa kwethalente likaPushkin lobunkondlo kanye nethalenta likaTchaikovsky lomculo.

Umbhali - uVictoria Denisova