Daniil Ilyich Pokhitonov |

UDaniel Pokhitonov

Umculi Wabantu we-RSFSR (1957). Umlando we-Mariinsky Theatre (i-Kirov Opera ne-Ballet Theatre) awunakuhlukaniswa negama likaPokhitonov. Iminyaka engaphezu kwesigamu sekhulu wasebenza kule imbeleko yaseshashalazini zomculo Russian, njengoba umlingani ogcwele vocalists enkulu. UPokhitonov wafika lapha ngemva kokuphothula eSt. Petersburg Conservatory (1905), lapho othisha bakhe kwakungu-A. Lyadov, N. Rimsky-Korsakov, A. Glazunov. Isiqalo sasinesizotha - wathola isikole esihle kakhulu endaweni yeshashalazi, esebenza kuqala njengomdlali wopiyano, kamuva njengomphathi wekwaya.

Icala elivamile lamletha kuphaneli yokulawula ye-Mariinsky Theatre: U-F. Blumenfeld wagula, kwakudingeka enze isiteji sokudlala esikhundleni sakhe. Lokhu kwenzeka ngo-1909 - Ingoma kaRimsky-Korsakov ethi The Snow Maiden yaba ngumdlalo wakhe wokuqala. UNapravnik ngokwakhe wabusisa uPokhitonov njengomqhubi. Minyaka yonke i-repertoire yomculi yayihlanganisa imisebenzi emisha. Isabelo esikhulu sadlalwa yi-opera yakudala yaseRussia: Indlovukazi Ye-Spades, uDubrovsky, u-Eugene Onegin, I-Tale of Tsar Saltan.

Indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kokudala komculi yadlalwa ukuvakasha eMoscow, lapho ngo-1912 eqhuba uKhovanshchina ngokuhlanganyela kweChaliapin. Umculi ohlakaniphile wayejabule kakhulu ngomsebenzi womqhubi futhi kamuva wahlabelela ngenjabulo emikhiqizweni eqondiswa nguPokhitonov. Uhlu lwemidlalo ye-Chaliapin kaPokhitonov lubanzi kakhulu: "Boris Godunov", "Pskovite", "Mermaid", "Judith", "Enemy Force", "Mozart and Salieri", "The Barber of Seville". Ake sengeze ukuthi uPyukhitonov wabamba iqhaza ekuvakasheleni i-opera yaseRussia eParis naseLondon (1913) njengomculi womculo. Chaliapin wacula lapha "Boris Godunov", "Khovanshchina" futhi "Pskovityanka". U-Pokhitonov wayengumlingani womculi omkhulu lapho inkampani yasePisishchiy Amur yenza amarekhodi amaningana e-Chaliapin.

Abaculi abaningi, phakathi kwabo uL. Sobinov, I. Ershov, I. Alchevsky, bebelokhu belalela ngokucophelela iseluleko somphelezeli onolwazi nomqhubi. Futhi lokhu kuyaqondakala: Pokhitonov waqonda ngobuqili izici zobuciko vocal. Walandela ngozwela zonke izinhloso ze-soloist, emnika inkululeko edingekayo yesenzo sokudala. Njengoba bephawula abantu besikhathi samanje, “wayekwazi ukufa njengomculi” ukuze aphumelele ekuculweni kwawo wonke. Mhlawumbe imiqondo yakhe yokutolika yayintula okwangempela noma ububanzi, kodwa yonke imidlalo yayibanjwe ngezinga eliphezulu lobuciko futhi yayihlukaniswa ngokunambitha okuyikho. U-V. Bogdanov-Berezovsky uyabhala: “Ungoti womsebenzi wakhe, uchwepheshe onolwazi, “uPokhitonov wayengenasici ngokuphathelene nokunemba kokukhiqiza kabusha amaphuzu. Kodwa ukunamathela kwakhe emasikweni kwakunophawu lokuzithoba okungenamibandela egunyeni lomunye umuntu.

I-Kirov Theatre ikweleta impumelelo yayo eminingi kuPokhitonov. Ngaphezu kwama-opera aseRussia, waqondisa, yebo, ukusebenza kwe-repertoire yangaphandle. Kakade ngezikhathi zamaSoviet, uPokhitonov naye wasebenza kahle eMaly Opera Theatre (1918-1932), edlalwa ngamakhonsathi e-symphony, futhi wafundisa eLeningrad Conservatory.

Lit .: I-Pokhitonov DI “Kusukela Esikhathini Esidlule Se-Opera YaseRussia”. L., 1949.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek