Misha Dichter |
UMisha Poet
Emqhudelwaneni ngamunye ojwayelekile we-International Tchaikovsky, kuvela amaciko akwazi ukuzuza umusa okhethekile emphakathini waseMoscow. Ngo-1966, omunye walaba abaculi kwaba American Misha Dichter. Uzwela lwezithameli lwamphelezela kusukela ekubonakaleni kokuqala esiteji, mhlawumbe ngisho nangaphambi kwesikhathi: encwajaneni yokuncintisana, abalaleli bafunde imininingwane ethile ye-biography emfushane kaDichter, eyabakhumbuza ukuqala kwendlela enye intandokazi yamaMuscovites. , Van Cliburn.
… NgoFebhuwari 1963, uMisha Dichter osemncane wenza ikhonsathi yakhe yokuqala ehholo leNyuvesi yaseCalifornia eLos Angeles. “Lokhu akuzange kubonakale okokuqala ngqa kumdlali wopiyano onekhono, kodwa umculi ongase abe ngumdlali ovelele onethalente elimangalisayo,” kubhala i-Los Angeles Times, nokho, yenezela ngokucophelela ukuthi “ngokuqondene nabadlali abasha, akufanele sihambe phambili.” Kancane kancane, udumo luka-Dichter lwakhula - wenza amakhonsathi e-USA, waqhubeka nokufunda e-Los Angeles noProfessor A. Tzerko, futhi wafunda nokuqamba ngaphansi kokuqondisa kuka-L. Stein. Kusukela ngo-1964, uDichter ubengumfundi eJuilliard School, lapho uRosina Levina, uthisha kaCliburn, eba uthisha wakhe. Lesi simo sasibaluleke kakhulu ...
Umculi osemusha waphila ngokuvumelana nalokho okwakulindelwe amaMuscovites. Uhehe izethameli ngokuzenzakalela kwakhe, ubuciko bakhe, nobuhle bakhe obumangalisayo. Izilaleli zakushayela ihlombe ngokufudumele ukufunda kwakhe okusuka enhliziyweni kwe-Schubert's Sonata ku-A major kanye nokusebenza kahle kwakhe kwe-Perushka kaStravinsky, futhi zazwelana nokwehluleka kwakhe ku-Fifth Concerto ka-Beethoven, eyadlalwa ngandlela thize, “ngezwi eliphansi.” U-Dichter uzuze umklomelo wesibili ngokumfanele. “Ikhono lakhe elivelele, elibalulekile nelikhuthazayo, lidonsa ukunaka kwezilaleli,” kubhala usihlalo wejaji u-E. Gilels. "Unobuqotho obukhulu kwezobuciko, uM. Dichter uwuzwa ngokujulile umsebenzi owenziwayo." Nokho-ke kwacaca ukuthi ithalente lakhe lisakhula.
Ngemuva kwempumelelo eMoscow, uDichter wayengajahile ukusebenzisa impumelelo yakhe yokuncintisana. Waqeda izifundo zakhe no-R. Levina futhi kancane kancane waqala ukwandisa ukushuba komsebenzi wakhe wekhonsathi. Maphakathi nawo-70s, wayesehambe emhlabeni wonke, egxile ezigabeni zekhonsathi njengomculi osezingeni eliphezulu. Njalo - ngo-1969, 1971 no-1974 - wafika e-USSR, njengokungathi "nemibiko" ehlonishwayo yendabuko, futhi, ngokubonga komdlali wopiyano, kufanele kushiwo, njalo wayebonisa ukukhula okuqhubekayo kokudala. Nokho, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukudlala kuka-Dichter kwaqala ukubangela isasasa elincane kunangaphambili. Lokhu kungenxa yomlingiswa ngokwawo kanye nesiqondiso sokuziphendukela kwayo, okusobala ukuthi, akukakapheli. Ukudlala komdlali wopiyano kuba okuphelele kakhulu, ubuciko bakhe bokuqiniseka ngokwengeziwe, ukuhumusha kwakhe kuphelele ngokwengeziwe ekukhulelweni nasekubulaweni kwakhe; kwasala ubuhle bomsindo nezinkondlo ezivevezelayo. Kodwa ngokuhamba kweminyaka, ubusha bobusha, ngezinye izikhathi obucishe bube ngokushesha, budedela ukubala okunembile, isiqalo esinengqondo. Kwabanye, ngakho-ke, i-Dichter yanamuhla ayisondelene njengeyangaphambili. Kodwa noma kunjalo, umoya wangaphakathi ovela kumdwebi uyamsiza ukuba aphefumule imiqondo yakhe kanye nezakhiwo zakhe, futhi ngenxa yalokho, inani labalandeli bakhe aligcini nje ngokuncipha, kodwa futhi liyakhula. Baphinde bakhangwe uchungechunge oluhlukahlukene luka-Dichter, oluhlanganisa ikakhulukazi imisebenzi yababhali “bendabuko” - kusukela kuHaydn naseMozart kuze kufike kwezothando zekhulu lesi-XNUMX kuya kuRachmaninoff noDebussy, Stravinsky kanye noGershwin. Waqopha amarekhodi amaningana e-monographic - isebenza nguBeethoven, Schumann, Liszt.
Isithombe se-Dichter yanamuhla sivezwa amazwi alandelayo omgxeki u-G. Tsypin: “Sibheka ubuciko besivakashi sethu njengento ephawulekayo ocingweni lwanamuhla lwangaphandle, okokuqala situsa uDichter umculi, wakhe, ngaphandle kwehaba, ongajwayelekile. ithalente lemvelo. Umsebenzi wokuhumusha womdlali wepiyano ngezinye izikhathi ufinyelela lezo ziqongo zobuciko nokuthonya kwengqondo okungaphansi kwethalente lezinga eliphezulu kakhulu. Masingeze ukuthi ulwazi oluyigugu lwenkondlo lomculi - izikhathi zomculo ophezulu kanye neqiniso elidlalayo - njengomthetho, ziwela ekucabangeni okuhle, okugxile ngokomoya, iziqephu neziqephu ezijulile zefilosofi. Ngokusho kwendawo yokugcina impahla yemvelo yobuciko, u-Dichter ungumdlali wezingoma; ukulinganisela kwangaphakathi, okulungile nokuqhubekayo kunoma yikuphi ukubonakaliswa kwemizwelo, akathambekele emiphumeleni yokusebenza ekhethekile, inkulumo enqunu, izingxabano ezingokomzwelo ezinobudlova. Isibani sogqozi lwakhe lokudala ngokuvamile sivutha ngokuzola, okulinganiselwe ngisho - mhlawumbe singaphuphutheki izethameli, kodwa hhayi ukukhanya - ukukhanya. Yile ndlela umshayi wopiyano abonakale ngayo esiteji sokuncintisana, yile ndlela ayiyo, ngokujwayelekile, ngisho nanamuhla - nawo wonke ama-metamorphoses amthinte ngemva kuka-1966.
Ukufaneleka kwalokhu kulinganisa kuqinisekiswa yimibono yabagxeki yamakhonsathi omculi eYurophu ngasekupheleni kwawo-70s, namarekhodi akhe amasha. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi udlala ini - “Pathetique” ka-Beethoven kanye “nokukhanya kwenyanga”, amakhonsathi ka-Brahms, inganekwane ka-Schubert ethi “Wanderer”, i-Liszt’s Sonata ku-B minor – abalaleli bahlale babona umculi ocashile nohlakaniphile wohlakaniphe esikhundleni sohlelo lwemizwa obala – the U-Misha Dichter ofanayo, esimazi emihlanganweni eminingi, uyiciko elizinzile elibukeka lishintsha kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Grigoriev L., Platek Ya., 1990
