I-DIY Yakha eyakho i-headphone amplifier. Idizayini, i-transformer, imichiza, amapuleti.

Bheka izikhulisamsindo ze-headphone ku-Muzyczny.pl

Le ngxenye yekholomu iwukuqhubeka kwesiqephu sangaphambilini, okwakuwuhlobo lwesingeniso emhlabeni we-electronics, lapho sithathe khona isihloko sokwakha i-headphone amplifier sodwa. Nokho, kulokhu sizosondela esihlokweni ngokuningiliziwe futhi sixoxe ngento ebaluleke kakhulu ye-headphone amplifier yethu, okuwumthombo wamandla. Kukhona izinketho ezimbalwa ongakhetha kuzo, kodwa sizoxoxa ngokuklama kokunikezwa kwamandla omugqa wendabuko.

Idizayini yokunikeza amandla ama-headphone

Esimweni sethu, ukunikezwa kwamandla kwe-headphone amplifier ngeke kube isiguquli. Ungakwazi ukwakha eyodwa noma usebenzise eseyenziwe ngomumo, kodwa kuphrojekthi yethu yasekhaya singakhetha ukusebenzisa ugesi wendabuko osuselwe ku-hit kanye neziqinisi eziqondile. Lolu hlobo lokunikezwa kwamandla kulula kakhulu ukwakha, i-transformer ngeke ibize ngoba ayidingi amandla amaningi ukuze isebenze kahle. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ngeke kube nezinkinga zokugxambukela nobunzima obenzeka ngabaguquli. Ukunikezwa kwamandla okunjalo kungafakwa kalula ebhodini elifanayo nalo lonke uhlelo noma ngaphandle kwebhodi kodwa ngaphakathi kwezindlu ezifanayo. Lapha, wonke umuntu kufanele azikhethele ukuthi iyiphi inketho emfanele kakhulu.

Uma sicabanga ukuthi sigxile ekwakheni i-amplifier yekhwalithi enhle, ukunikezwa kwamandla kwaso akukwazi ukwakhiwa ngobudlabha. Ngokuya ngokucaciswa kwe-IC, ukunikezwa kwamandla kwesekethe yethu enkulu kufanele kube phakathi kwamanani ashiwo. I-voltage evame kakhulu yalolu hlobo lwamadivayisi ngu-+ -5V no-+ – 15V. Ngalolu hlu, ngiphakamisa ukuthi ubeke leli pharamitha phakathi nendawo ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi bese usetha ukunikezwa kwamandla, ngokwesibonelo, ku-10 noma ku-12V, ukuze ngakolunye uhlangothi sibe nokunye okugciniwe okwengeziwe, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, singathwali ngokweqile. uhlelo ngokusebenzisa amandla aphezulu. I-voltage kufanele iqiniswe futhi kulokhu kufanele usebenzise ama-stabilizer ku-voltage eqondile kanye ne-negative voltage, ngokulandelanayo. Ekwakhiweni kwamandla anjalo, singasebenzisa, isibonelo: izakhi ze-SMD noma izakhi zomgodi. Singasebenzisa ama-elementi athile, isb. ama-capacitor embobo, kanye nesib. Lapha, ukukhetha kungokwakho kanye nezinto ezitholakalayo.

Ukukhetha i-Transformer

Kuyisici esibalulekile esibalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle kokuphakelwa kwethu kwamandla. Okokuqala, sidinga ukuchaza amandla ayo, okungadingeki abe mkhulu ukuze kuzuzwe imingcele emihle. Sidinga nje ama-watts ambalwa, futhi inani eliphelele lingu-15W. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zama-transformer emakethe. Ungasebenzisa, isibonelo, i-toroidal transformer yephrojekthi yethu. Kufanele ibe nezikhali ezimbili zesibili futhi umsebenzi wayo kuzoba ukukhiqiza i-voltage ye-symmetrical. Ngokufanelekile, singathola cishe u-2 x 14W kuya ku-16W alternating voltage. Khumbula ukuthi ungadluli la mandla kakhulu, ngoba i-voltage izokhuphuka ngemuva kokushelela ngama-capacitors.

Umklamo wethayela

Izikhathi lapho izinto zikagesi ekhaya ziqopha amapuleti ngokwazo seziphelile. Namuhla, ngenxa yale njongo, sizosebenzisa imitapo yolwazi ejwayelekile ukuklama amathayili, atholakala kuwebhu.

Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhompiyutha

Ngaphezu kwezinto ezidingekayo ezidingekayo zokunikezwa kwamandla ethu, kufanelekile ukusebenzisa ukucwiliswa kokuphuma kwamandla kagesi, okuthi kanye nama-capacitors enze izihlungi ezidlula kancane. Ngenxa yalesi sixazululo, sizovikeleka ekungeneni kwanoma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka kwangaphandle okuvela kumandla kagesi, isb. lapho esinye isisetshenziswa sikagesi esiseduze sivula noma sivala.

Isifinyezo

Njengoba sibona, ukunikezwa kwamandla kuyisici esilula sokwakha se-amplifier yethu, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu. Kunjalo, ungasebenzisa isiguquli se-dcdc esikhundleni sokuphakelwa kwamandla kalayini, okuguqula i-voltage eyodwa ibe ivolthi ye-symmetrical. Lena inqubo okufanele icatshangelwe uma sifuna ngempela ukunciphisa i-PCB ye-amplifier yethu eyakhelwe. Kodwa-ke, ngokubona kwami, uma sifuna ukuba nekhwalithi engcono kakhulu yomsindo ocutshunguliwe, isisombululo esizuzisa kakhulu ukusebenzisa amandla anjalo omugqa wendabuko.