Umjikelezo we-Novgorod wama-epics

Ku-epic yaseRussia, umjikelezo we-Novgorod wama-epic uhlukile. Isisekelo seziqephu zalezi zinganekwane kwakungezona izenzo zezempi nezenzakalo zezombangazwe zesilinganiso sikazwelonke, kodwa izigameko ezivela ekuphileni kwezakhamuzi zedolobha elikhulu lokuhweba - iVeliky Novgorod. Izizathu zicacile: idolobha kanye neRiphabhulikhi ye-veche eyakhiwe nxazonke zalo bezilokhu zinendawo ehlukile empilweni, ngakho-ke, kumasiko aseRussia.

Lawa ma-epic aqanjwa futhi atshelwa ama-buffoon, idolobha lasendulo elalidume kakhulu ngawo. Ngokwemvelo, ukuze bathole umvuzo omkhulu, bazama ukujabulisa ukunambitheka konxiwankulu baseNovgorod, benza izindaba ezikhanyayo, ezijabulisayo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ezihlekisayo ezimpilweni zabo.

Okuqukethwe kwama-epics omjikelezo we-Novgorod

Iziqephu ezimayelana noSadok

Iqhawe elidume kakhulu lezinganekwane zaseNovgorod nguSadko. Njengoba evela kusizinda esimpofu (kungaba umdlali we-psaltery, noma umthengisi nje, noma umfo omuhle), uceba kakhulu. Itulo elinjalo alikwazanga ukusiza kodwa lihehe labo abazimisele ngomqondo wokucebisa abahlali benxanxathela yezitolo.

Ezindaweni zama-epics mayelana noSadoki, imigqa emithathu ingahlukaniswa: mayelana nokucebisa kwakhe, mayelana nokuncintisana namaNovgorodians, kanye neNkosi yoLwandle. Kwesinye isikhathi konke lokhu bekungaqukethwe enganekwaneni eyodwa. Kodwa kunoma iyiphi inguqulo, kunakwa kakhulu izigcawu ezivamile zansuku zonke ze-Novgorod engokoqobo, futhi imvelo yomthengisi yaboniswa ngokucacile. Eqinisweni, zonke izinganekwane eziphathelene noSadoki zikhazimulisa ingcebo yenkosi yaseVeliky Novgorod ngokwakhe.

I-Epic mayelana ne-Stavr

I-apogee yesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwesifiso sikaNovgorod sokuthola imali iba yingqophamlando mayelana neStavr. Lisitshela indaba ye-Novgorod boyar-capitalist ehloniphekile, ehlanganyela ekwenzeni inzuzo nokulobola. I-epic Stavr iboshiwe yiNkosana uVladimir - lapha ungabona ukungqubuzana nokuncintisana kukaKyiv noNovgorod, kanye ne-prototype nguSotsky, eboshwe nguVladimir Monomakh. Kodwa konke ukuzwelana komlandi kusobala ohlangothini lwe-Novgorod boyar.

Ama-Epics mayelana noVasily Buslavev

Intandokazi yezakhamizi zaseNovgorod kwakunguVaska Buslavev - umfo onesibindi, iqhawe le-ushuinism yaseNovgorod, ubugebengu obuqhumayo emakoloni aseNovgorod, umthandi wokubukisa nokudla. Ngokungafani namanye amaqhawe amaqhawe ayehamba eRussia, uNovgorod Buslavev udume hhayi ngobuqhawe bezempi, kodwa ngokuqunga kwakhe isibindi ezimpini zangaphakathi kanye nezingxabano zeriphabhulikhi engazinzile.

Amanye ama-epics

Amanye ama-epics nawo abe ukubonakaliswa kokuthandwa kwezakhamizi zaseNovgorod - mayelana noKhoten Bludovich, owanquma ukunxenxa indodakazi yomfelokazi ozidlayo futhi ocebile, ngesivakashi esicebile uTerentishche, njll. impilo yansuku zonke kanye nokuthanda konxiwankulu baseNovgorod.

Indima yomjikelezo we-Novgorod wama-epics

I-Novgorod yayiyisikhungo sokuhweba esicebile, esivulekele amathonya amasiko aseNtshonalanga naseMpumalanga. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, yayihlala ifana nohlobo lwesidleke, iphazanyiswa umzabalazo onzima wamaqembu omphakathi. Ngobunjalo bakhe wakha ihlelo lokuceba, ukunethezeka kanye nokuhambela phesheya kwezilwandle.

Umjikelezo we-Novgorod wama-epics owavela ezimweni ezinjalo usivumela ukuba singabheki izenzo ezinhle zamaqhawe, njengaseziqephuzweni zomjikelezo we-Kyiv, kodwa empilweni evamile yedolobha lasendulo. Ngisho nesitayela sokwethulwa kanye nesakhiwo salezi zingoma kusikhumbuza kakhulu "inhlebo" ekhanyayo nejabulisayo esakazwa kulo lonke idolobha elinomsindo yizinyathi nabaxoxi bezindaba. Kungakho ama-epics e-Novgorod ahlukaniswa "nabafowabo", kunalokho ahlukaniswa njengezindaba ezimfushane zaseYurophu mayelana nempilo yedolobha (fabliau).