Ukuhunyushwa komculo wepiyano

Kulabo abangawazi umculo wakudala, igama elithi “ukuchazwa kwengoma” lingase libonakale lidida.

Kubo, ake sichaze leli gama kafushane. Iyini incazelo yesiqephu somculo? Amanothi noma amaphuzu (okusebenza ngezinsimbi ezingaphezu kweyodwa) aqukethe imiyalelo yokusebenza enemininingwane mayelana ne-tempo, isiginesha yesikhathi, isigqi, umculo, ukuvumelana, ukusho nokushintshashintsha. Ngakho-ke yini engahunyushwa emsebenzini? Amanothi achaza iphethini okufanele kube isiqalo sokuhumusha, ashiya umculi inkululeko ethile ekukhetheni i-tempo, amandla kanye nokukhuluma (impela, angeke kube khona inkululeko ekwenzeni umculo noma isigqi, kungaba nje iphutha). Ukuhamba ngendlela efanele nakho kunendima ebalulekile.

Dynamika I-Dynamics ingenye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu, eziyisisekelo zokuhumusha. Nakuba izindlela ezisele (i-aticulation, tempo) kufanele ngandlela-thile zikhethwe umenzi, ukufana kwazo kuwo wonke umsebenzi akukonakali ekusebenzeni njengokuntuleka kwezinguquko eziguquguqukayo. (Kunjalo, sisho ukusebenza komculo we-classical ngaso sonke isikhathi. Emculweni odumile, ikakhulukazi uma upiyano luyingxenye yeqoqo lezinsimbi kuphela, izinguquko eziguqukayo zincane kakhulu noma ngisho nomshayi wopiyano uphoqeleka ukuthi adlale amandla afanayo wonke. isikhathi, isib. forte, ukuze ugqame phakathi kwabanye.izinsimbi zokudlala phezulu). Izinguquko eziguquguqukayo ezikhethwe kahle zinomthelela omkhulu kumvelo yemisho ngayinye. Lokhu kubonakala ikakhulukazi endabeni yomculo wenkathi yama-Classicist (isb e-Mozart) lapho imisho eminingi yomculo iphindwa khona ngokushesha futhi ukuguqulwa kwe-dynamics kuwukuphela komehluko phakathi kwabo. Lokhu akusho, nokho, ukuthi izinguquko eziguquguqukayo azibaluleki kangako kwezinye izitayela zomculo, nakuba zingase zibonakale kancane ekuqaleni ezilalelini ezingezwakali.

Umbhalo I-Articulation, noma indlela yokukhiqiza umsindo. Emculweni wezinsimbi zekhibhodi, sihlangabezana nokuphimisela kwe-legeto (ukuhlanganisa imisindo), i-portato (enokuphumuza okuncane) kanye ne-staccato (okufushane, okuphazamiseke kakhulu). I-Articulation ikuvumela ukuthi uguqule kakhulu umlingiswa wemisho ngayinye, futhi uhlukanise imisho yomculo komunye nomunye.

Isikhathi Ukukhetha i-tempo efanele kunomthelela obalulekile endleleni ucezu olubonwa ngayo. Ukushesha kakhulu kungacekela phansi ubuhle bayo, futhi ukunensa kakhulu kungenza ukwakheka kube yizicucu noma kumane kuhlanekezele uhlamvu lwakho. (Kukhona icala elaziwayo, ngokwesibonelo, lapho, kwesinye sezinguqulo ezedlule zoMqhudelwano we-Chopin, omunye wabahlanganyeli edlala ipolonaise ngesivinini esiphansi kakhulu, okwenza umdanso uzwakale njengomashi omngcwabo) Nokho, ngisho nangaphakathi. ithempo elungile echazwa umqambi, umenzi unazo uhla oluthile (isb endabeni ye-moderato tempo, kusukela cishe ku-108 kuya ku-120 beats ngomzuzu) futhi kuye ngomqondo owamukelwayo, angakhetha i-tempo maphakathi, eduze nomkhawulo ongaphezulu ukuze uvuse ucezu, noma isb yehlise ijubane kancane futhi, kuhlanganiswe nokusetshenziswa okwengeziwe kwe-half-pedal, yenze ibe uhlamvu oluhlaba umxhwele.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-tempo rubato, okungukuthi i-tempo eguquguqukayo phakathi nocezu, nakho kuhlaba umxhwele kakhulu. Kuyindlela yokusebenza evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu emculweni wenkathi yezothando. Ukushintsha i-tempo kubangela ukwelula noma ukufinyezwa kwamanani anesigqi ezingcezuni ngazinye, kodwa indawo yokuqala ye-tempo rubato ihlale iyi-tempo eqinile eyisisekelo - ucezu olwenziwe nge-rubato kufanele luhlale isikhathi esifanayo nesiqephu esifanayo esisenziwa endaweni eyodwa. i-uniform tempo. Ukushintshashintsha njalo kwejubane nakho kuyiphutha. U-Henryk Neuhaus - uthisha ovelele waseRussia - wabhala ukuthi akukho lutho oluyisicefe ukwedlula ukuguquguquka okuzinzile nokunethezeka kwesiqephu, okukhumbuza ukudakwa okudakayo. Ukusetshenziswa ngendlela efanele kwe-tempo rubato kungenye yezimpumelelo zepiyano ezichaza kabanzi. Ngezinye izikhathi, amashifu e-tempo amabili noma amathathu kuphela asetshenziswe ngesikhathi esifanele enza umbono ongcono kakhulu kunokuningi, ngoba isilinganiso kufanele sigcizelele ubuhle besiqephu futhi silinganisele ekusetshenzisweni phakathi kokuvumelana kanye nesici sokumangala.

Ngezinyathelo ezimbili ezimbi, ezingaqinile kanye nesivinini esiqinile se-metronomic, lesi sakamuva singcono kakhulu. Ikhono lokwenza umsebenzi ngendlela efanayo futhi ngokunembile ngokusho kwe-tempo ebekwe yi-metronome futhi isisekelo sokulungiselela ukusetshenziswa okufanele kwe-tempo rubato. Ngaphandle komqondo wejubane eliyisisekelo, akunakwenzeka ukugcina ucezu "ngokuphelele".

I-Pedalization Ukusetshenziswa kahle kwamaphedali nakho kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuhumusha. Ikuvumela ukuthi unikeze ucezu ngokushelelayo, ukuphefumula okwengeziwe, ukuphindaphinda, kodwa ukusebenzisa i-Forte pedal ngokweqile nakho kubi, njengoba kungaba yisicefe noma kubangele isiphithiphithi se-sonic ngokweqile, ikakhulukazi uma umculi wepiyano oyimfundamakhwela engahlukanisi imisebenzi emibili elandelanayo ye-harmonic.

Isifinyezo Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi notation classical linembe kakhulu. (Izindlela zesimanje zokubhala, isib. ukusebenzisa amagrafu, azizange zilethe amathuba amasha. Ngaphandle kwefomu, ziyahluka ekubhalweni ngendlela engaqondakali kuphela futhi ngaleyo ndlela zidale ukungaboni ngaso linye phakathi komqambi nabaculi, kuyilapho umbhalo ocacile ungathuthukiswa ukuphawula okwengeziwe namanothi.) Kushiya usonkontileka inkululeko enkulu. Kwanele ukusho ukuthi ukuqonda ubuciko bokuhumusha ekupheleleni kudinga iminyaka eminingi yomsebenzi futhi kwenziwa ochwepheshe kusukela cishe ekuqaleni kwemfundo kuze kube sekupheleni kwezifundo kuma-conservatories. Ukuhumusha okuhle, nokho, kuyalawuleka nakwabasafufusa, abenza izingcezu ngokwezinga labo lamakhono. Kodwa-ke, ukuze uwuthole, kufanele ufune ukusekelwa kwabadlali bopiyano abaqeqeshiwe, ngoba ubuciko bukhulu futhi budinga ukuzijwayeza. Nokho, lokhu akukuvimbeli ukuba ujabulele ngesikhathi samakhonsathi. Kungcono ukuyilalela emakhonsathini, emahholo amahle, edlalwa abaculi abakahle, noma kumasethi alalelwayo amahle, adlalwa kuCD yokuqala noma ifayela le-wav. Umculo wakudala owenziwe kahle uqukethe imisindo eminingi ecashile kangangokuthi kunzima kakhulu ukuyithwebula yonke ngokurekhodwa, futhi ngeshwa udlalwa efayeleni le-MP3 noma emishinini esezingeni eliphansi, akuzwakali kumnandi njengokubukhoma.