Donat Antonovich Donatov |

Donat Donatov

Ingabe kucatshangwa ukuthi, isibonelo, emlandweni wokudweba, umculo noma izincwadi, abanye abaculi abanamakhono, abakhohliwe ngokungafanele, bahlala? Uma lokhu kwenzeka, khona-ke kuyinto ehlukile, engenzeka, ikakhulukazi ngokuphathelene nabaphathi bezikhathi zakudala, ifa labo ngenxa yesizathu esithile liye lalahleka ngokuphelele noma ngokwengxenye. Ngokuyisisekelo, umlando ubeka wonke umuntu nakho konke endaweni yawo - inkazimulo "yedlula" labo abangaziwa phakathi nokuphila ngemva kokufa!

Emkhakheni wezobuciko, lokhu kwenzeka ngaso sonke isikhathi, futhi ngisho nangokwezwi nezwi - lokhu "udaba" olucashile futhi oluzimele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuciko obudlalwayo buyisikhathi esidlule mayelana "nobuntu", bukhona lapha kuphela futhi manje. Futhi kuncike ezimweni eziningi zesikhonzi. Kukuziphi izinkundla zemidlalo yaseshashalazini noma amahholo ekhonsathi umdwebi ayecula kuwo, owayemsekela nokuthi “wanyuswa kanjani”, ingabe kukhona okuqoshiwe okusele ngemva kwakhe? Futhi-ke, ukunambitheka "kwabaholi" bezobuciko - umenzi wayencike ngokuphelele kuwo.

Manje ngithanda ukubuza: bangaki abantu abazi i-tenor emangalisayo u-Donat Donatov, ngaphandle-ke, ochwepheshe abancane emlandweni wamazwi kanye nabathandi bomculo abanothando-amafilosofi? Uma igama lika-Ivan Zhadan, isibonelo (sesibhale ngaye kakade), lathuliswa ngokuzenzakalelayo ngezizathu zezombangazwe, khona-ke kwenzekani kuDonatov, kungani igama lakhe lingaziwa kubathandi abaningi be-opera? Kodwa akukho okukhethekile. Akazange nje acule e-Bolshoi noma e-Kirov yaseshashalazini. Futhi ingabe lokho kakade kwanele? Kodwa nali elinye iqiniso elimangalisayo. Muva nje, kukhishwe incwadi enemiqulu emibili eklanywe kahle enemiqulu emibili mayelana ne-MALEGOTH, lapho u-Donatov achitha khona izinkathi ezimbalwa ekuqaleni kwawo-50s, ebangela injabulo emphakathini. Nokho, ababhali bencwadi abatholanga igama elilodwa (?) lalo mculi, kuyilapho uM. Dovenman etholakalele imbangi yakhe yasesiteji.

UDonat Antonovich Lukshtoraub, owadlala ngaphansi kwegama lokuqamba elithi Donatov, wazalelwa eSt. Uthisha wakhe vocal kwaba uVladimir Shetokhin-Alvarets, umfundi Lamperti. Lapha e-Riga, u-Donatov wenza i-debut yakhe ku-Riga Private Travelling Opera njengo-Herman.

Ikhasi elisha empilweni yakhe yi-Italy, lapho uDonatov ehamba khona ngo-1937. Lapha wahlola noGigli, wafunda noPertile. Ngo-March 7, 1939, umculi wenza i-debut yakhe esiteji se-Venetian Theatre La Fenice e-Il Trovatore. Kanye naye kulo mdlalo, uMaria Canilla noCarlo Tagliabue bacule. Ezinye izindima zikaDonatov kulesi siteji zihlanganisa u-Alfred eLa Traviata, lapho uToti dal Monte wayengumlingani wakhe.

Ukugqashuka kwempi kwavimbela ukuqhubeka komsebenzi wase-Italy womculi. Wayebuyela e-Italy, kodwa waphoqeleka ukuba ahlale eRiga. Ngemva kokunqotshwa kweLatvia ngamasosha aseJalimane, zonke izakhamuzi zakhona kwathiwa ziyizikhonzi zoMbuso Wesithathu. UDonatov uthunyelwa ukusebenza eJalimane. Lapha wacula ezinkundleni zemidlalo yeshashalazi eDresden, eKönigsberg. Ngobusuku bangaphambi kokukhululwa kweLatvia, umculi wabuyela ezweni lakubo, lapho ahlanganyela khona embuthweni weqembu.

Ngemva kokubuyiselwa kokuphila okunokuthula, umsebenzi kaDonatov waqala kabusha eSoviet Union. Ngo-1949-51. wenza e-Odessa amasizini amabili. Izikhumbuzo zabantu besikhathi samanje zigcinwe mayelana nalesi sikhathi somsebenzi wakhe. Umphakathi we-opera yase-Odessa, ojwayele amasiko ase-Italy amahle kakhulu kusukela ezikhathini zangaphambi kwezinguquko, ubingelele umdwebi ngentokozo. Izindaba ze-tenor ekhaliphile zasabalala idolobha lonke ngaso leso sikhathi, futhi yaseshashalazini yaqala ukugcwala kakhulu emidlalweni yakhe. Ngokumangalisayo, kuleyo minyaka yomzabalazo wokulwa ne-"rootless cosmopolitanism" u-Donatov empeleni wayengumculi kuphela owayevunyelwe ukucula ngesiNtaliyane. Phakathi kwezindima zakhe zomqhele kukhona uJose, Canio, Turiddu, Othello, Radames, Duke.

Nazi izingcezu zezikhumbuzo zomunye wabathandi bethalente likaDonatov phakathi neminyaka yokunqoba kwakhe i-Odessa, eshicilelwe muva nje kumagazini we-Odessa:

"... yonke imidlalo kaDonatov yayidlalwa ehholo eligcwele abantu elinendawo eyisibopho ye-crown arias, enezimbali ezingenakubalwa, isivunguvungu sehlombe esathatha isikhathi eside kangangokuthi ngezinye izikhathi izisebenzi zasesiteji, zikhathele ukulinda, zaqala ukwehlisa ikhethini likakhonkolo eliqinisiwe ( ikhethini eliye ladilizwa namuhla ngenxa yesisindo salo esimangalisayo, okuholele ekuqalekeni kokucekelwa phansi kwesakhiwo). Futhi lapho amamitha angu-2-3 ehlala phakathi kwekhanda nekhethini, umculi washiya isiteji, futhi izethameli zaphuma ehholo.

"Sibonga uDonatov, kwavela ibhizinisi elingaphansi komhlaba e-Odessa Opera: abathwebuli bezithombe zaseshashalazini babeqhudelana ukuze bathwebule umculi ngezindima nempilo, futhi lezi zithombe ezivela ngaphansi (!) zathengiswa ngabasizi. Futhi manje ama-Odessans amaningi amadala agcina lezi zithombe. ”

I-Yerevan, i-Baku, i-Tbilisi, i-Saratov, i-Novosibirsk - leyo yindawo yokuvakasha kukaDonatov. I-baritone edumile u-Batu Kraveishvili, encwadini yakhe ethi Unforgettable, uthi ngesikhathi sokudlala ngokuhlanganyela kukaDonatov, ukuthutha kwamiswa emigwaqweni ephakathi yaseTbilisi eduze neShota Rustaveli Theatre - amakhulu abantu alalela umculi.

Ngo 50s Donatov wabuyela edolobheni ebuntwaneni bakhe. Udlale amasizini ambalwa eLeningrad Maly Opera naseBallet Theatre. I-tenor yakhe emangalisayo yombala omuhle we-baritone yaqhubeka (ngeshwa hhayi isikhathi eside) ukuze anqobe abathandi be-opera. Edolobheni eliseNeva, waqeda ukuphila kwakhe ngo-April 27, 1995.

Omunye engangijwayelene naye, isazi sefilosofi, wayemazi kahle uDonatov futhi wangitshela ngaye. Wamangala ukuthi umculi wayethanda ngokuzidela kangakanani ... hhayi izwi lakhe, kodwa amazwi abanye abaculi, eqoqa amarekhodi aqoshiwe angavamile.

Lapho ulungiselela inothi le-biographical mayelana noDonatov, izinto zikaM. Malkov zasetshenziswa.

E. Tsodokov