Isabella Colbran |

Isabella Colbran

U-Colbrand wayene-soprano eyivelakancane - ububanzi bezwi lakhe buhlanganisa cishe ama-octave amathathu futhi kuwo wonke amarejista behlukaniswa ngokulingana okumangalisayo, ububele nobuhle. Wayenokunambitheka komculo okuthambile, ubuciko bokuqamba amagama kanye ne-nuance (wayebizwa ngokuthi "black nightingale"), wayezazi zonke izimfihlo ze-bel canto futhi wayedume ngekhono lakhe lokulingisa ngomfutho odabukisayo.

Ngempumelelo ethile, umculi wenza izithombe zothando zabesifazane abanamandla, abanothando, abahlupheka ngokujulile, njengo-Elizabeth waseNgilandi (“Elizabeth, Queen of England”), Desdemona (“Othello”), Armida (“Armida”), Elchia (“ UMose eGibhithe”) , u-Elena (“Owesifazane Ovela Echibini”), uHermione (“uHermione”), uZelmira (“Zelmira”), uSemiramide (“Semiramide”). Phakathi kwezinye izindima azidlalwe, uJulia ( "I-Vestal Virgin"), uDonna Anna ( "Don Giovanni"), Medea ( "Medea eKorinte").

U-Isabella Angela Colbran wazalwa ngo-February 2, 1785 eMadrid. Indodakazi yomculi wasenkantolo waseSpain, wathola ukuqeqeshwa okuhle kwezwi, okokuqala eMadrid evela ku-F. Pareja, wabe eseNaples evela ku-G. Marinelli no-G. Cresentini. Owakamuva wagcina epholishe izwi lakhe. U-Colbrand wenza i-debut yakhe ngo-1801 esiteji sekhonsathi eParis. Kodwa-ke, impumelelo eyinhloko yayimlindele ezigabeni zamadolobha ase-Italy: kusukela ngo-1808, uColbrand wayecula yedwa ezindlini ze-opera zaseMilan, eVenice naseRoma.

Kusukela ngo-1811, u-Isabella Colbrand ubelokhu ecula yedwa eSan Carlo Theatre eNaples. Khona-ke umhlangano wokuqala womculi odumile nomqambi othembisayo u-Gioacchino Rossini waba. Kunalokho, bake bazana ngaphambili, lapho ngolunye usuku ngo-1806 bamukelwa ngokufanelekela ukucula e-Academy of Music of Bologna. Kepha-ke uGioacchino wayeneminyaka eyishumi nane kuphela…

Umhlangano omusha waba ngo-1815 kuphela. URossini owayesedumile kakade weza eNaples ezodlala i-opera yakhe u-Elisabeth, iNdlovukazi yaseNgilandi, lapho uColbrand ayezodlala indima yesihloko.

URossini wanqotshwa ngokushesha. Futhi akumangalisi: kwakunzima kuye, uchwepheshe wobuhle, ukumelana nezintelezi zowesifazane nomdlali we-actress, uStendhal owachaza ngala mazwi: "Kwakuwubuhle bohlobo olukhethekile kakhulu: izici zobuso ezinkulu, ikakhulukazi ezinenzuzo. kusukela esiteji, ubude, obuvuthayo, njengowesifazane we-Circassian, amehlo , i-mop yezinwele ezimnyama eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Konke lokhu kwajoyinwa umdlalo obuhlungu osuka enhliziyweni. Empilweni yalo wesifazane, kwakungekho buhle ngaphezu komnikazi wesitolo semfashini, kodwa kwathi nje lapho esethweswe umqhele, ngokushesha waqala ukuvusa inhlonipho engathandi ngisho nakulabo ababesanda kukhuluma naye endaweni yokwamukela izivakashi. …”

Ngaleso sikhathi uColbrand wayeseqophelweni eliphezulu lomsebenzi wakhe wobuciko futhi esesezingeni eliphezulu lobuhle bakhe besifazane. U-Isabella wayexhaswe yi-impresario Barbaia edumile, owayengumngane wakhe omuhle. Ingani, wayexhaswe yinkosi ngokwayo. Kodwa kusukela emihlanganweni yokuqala ehlobene nomsebenzi endimeni, ukuhlonishwa kwakhe nge-Gioacchino ejabule futhi ebukekayo kwakhula.

Ingoma yokuqala ye-opera ethi “Elizabeth, Indlovukazi YaseNgilandi” yenzeka ngo-October 4, 1815. Nakhu u-A. Frakcaroli akubhalayo: “Kwakuwumdlalo onesizotha ngosuku lwegama leNkosana Yobukhosi. Inkundla yemidlalo yeshashalazi yayigcwele phama. Isimo sezulu esishubile, ngaphambi kwesiphepho sempi sasizwakala ehholo. Ngaphandle kukaColbran, u-Signora Dardanelli waculwa abaculi abadumile u-Andrea Nozari noManuel Garcia, umculi waseSpain owayenendodakazi encane ethandekayo, uMaria. Le ntombazane, lapho iqala ukubhebha, yaqala ukucula. Lawa kwakungamaphimbo okuqala alowo owayemiselwe ukuthi kamuva abe nguMaria Malibran odumile. Ekuqaleni, kuze kube yilapho kuzwakala i-duet kaNozari noDardanelli, izethameli zazinobutha futhi ziqinile. Kodwa le duet yancibilikisa iqhwa. Futhi-ke, lapho kudlalwa iculo elincane elimangalisayo, amaNeapolitan anomdlandla, anwebekayo, anolaka awabange esakwazi ukubamba imizwa yawo, akhohlwa ubandlululo nokucwasa kwawo futhi aqhuma ihlombe elimangalisayo.

Indima yeNdlovukazi yamaNgisi u-Elizabeth yaba, ngokusho kwabaphila ngesikhathi, enye yendalo engcono kakhulu kaColbran. U-Stendhal ofanayo, owayengenalo uzwelo ngalo mculi, waphoqeleka ukuba avume ukuthi lapha wayedlula yena, ebonisa "ukuguquguquka okumangalisayo kwezwi lakhe" kanye nethalenta "lomlingisi omkhulu odabukisayo."

U-Isabella wacula ingoma yokuphuma ekugcineni - "Umphefumulo omuhle, ohloniphekile", okwakunzima kakhulu ukuwenza! Othile waphawula kahle ngaleso sikhathi: i-aria yayifana nebhokisi, ivula lapho u-Isabella ekwazi ukukhombisa wonke amagugu ezwi lakhe.

U-Rossini wayengacebile ngaleso sikhathi, kodwa wayekwazi ukunikeza othandekayo wakhe ngaphezu kwamadayimane - izingxenye zamaqhawekazi othando, abhalwe ikakhulukazi uColbrand, ngokusekelwe ezwini nasekubukeni kwakhe. Abanye baze bahlambalaza umqambi “ngokudela ukuvezwa kanye nedrama yezimo ngenxa yamaphethini ahlotshiswe nguColbrand,” futhi kanjalo wazikhaphela. Yiqiniso, manje kusobala ukuthi lezi zihlamba zazingenasisekelo: ephefumulelwe "intombi yakhe ebukekayo", uRossini wasebenza ngokuzikhandla nangokuzidela.

Unyaka ngemva kwe-opera u-Elizabeth, iNdlovukazi yaseNgilandi, uColbrand wacula i-Desdemona okokuqala ngqa ku-opera entsha kaRossini i-Otello. Wagqama ngisho naphakathi kwabadlali abakhulu: Nozari - Othello, Chichimarra - Iago, David - Rodrigo. Ubani ongamelana nomlingo wesenzo sesithathu? Kwakuyisiphepho esachoboza yonke into, sahlukanisa umphefumulo ngokoqobo. Futhi phakathi kwalesi sivunguvungu - isiqhingi esizolile, esinokuthula nesithandekayo - "Ingoma Yeminyezane", uColbrand ayenza ngomuzwa onjalo wathinta zonke izethameli.

Ngokuzayo, uColbrand wenza amanye amaqhawekazi amaningi aseRossin: Armida (ku-opera yegama elifanayo), u-Elchia (uMose eGibhithe), u-Elena (uLady of the Lake), uHermione noZelmira (kuma-opera wegama elifanayo). I-repertoire yakhe ihlanganise nezindima ze-soprano kuma-opera athi The Thieving Magpie, uTorvaldo noDorlisca, uRicciardo noZoraida.

Ngemva komboniso wokuqala kaMose eGibhithe ngo-March 5, 1818 eNaples, iphephandaba lendawo labhala: “Kwakubonakala sengathi u-“Elizabeth” no-“Othello” abashiyanga amathemba ka-signora Colbran okuthola izindondo ezintsha zaseshashalazini, kodwa endimeni yeqembu. u-Elchia othambile futhi ongajabule ku-“Mose” wazibonakalisa ephakeme kakhulu kunaku-Elizabeth no-Desdemona. Ukwenza kwakhe kubuhlungu kakhulu; amazwi akhe angena kamnandi enhliziyweni ayigcwalise ngentokozo. Ku-aria yokugcina, okuyinto, eqinisweni, ekuchazeni kwayo, ekudwebeni kwayo nombala wayo, ingenye yezinto ezinhle kakhulu ze-Rossini yethu, imiphefumulo yabalaleli yathola injabulo enamandla kakhulu.

Iminyaka eyisithupha, uColbrand noRossini bahlangana, base behlukana futhi.

“Khona-ke, phakathi nesikhathi seNkosazana YaseChibini,” kubhala u-A. Frakkaroli, “ayibhalela ngokukhethekile, futhi umphakathi wayiklabalasa ngokungafanele kulo mbukiso wokuqala, u-Isabella wamthanda kakhulu. Mhlawumbe ngokokuqala ngqá ekuphileni kwakhe ezwa ububele obuqhaqhazelayo, umuzwa onomusa nomuzwa omsulwa ayengakaze awazi ngaphambili, isifiso esicishe sibe njengomama sokududuza le ngane enkulu, eyaqala ukuzibonakalisa kuye ngomzuzwana wokudabuka, ilahla. isifihla-buso esivamile somklolodeli. Wabe esebona ukuthi impilo ayeyiphila ngaphambili ayisamfanele, wabe eseveza imizwa yakhe kuye. Amazwi akhe othando aqotho anikeza uGioacchino injabulo enkulu eyayingaziwa ngaphambili, ngoba ngemva kwamazwi akhanya ngendlela engaqondakali unina awakhuluma kuye esemncane, wayevame ukuzwa kwabesifazane amazwi avamile othando abonisa ilukuluku lokwazi inkanuko ngokuphazima ngokushesha nangokuba ngokushesha ukushabalala uthando. U-Isabella noGioacchino baqala ukucabanga ukuthi kungaba kuhle ukuhlangana emshadweni futhi baphile ngaphandle kokuhlukana, besebenza ndawonye enkundleni yemidlalo yaseshashalazini, okwakuvame ukubalethela udumo lwabanqobi.

I-Ardent, kodwa esebenzayo, i-maestro ayizange ikhohlwe mayelana nohlangothi lwezinto ezibonakalayo, ithola ukuthi le nyunyana inhle kuwo wonke amaphuzu. Wathola imali okungekho enye i-maestro eyake yazuza (hhayi kakhulu, ngoba umsebenzi womqambi wawungavuzwa kahle, kodwa, ngokuvamile, ngokwanele ukuze uphile kahle). Futhi wayecebile: wayenezindawo kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali eSicily, i-villa kanye nezindawo zaseCastenaso, amakhilomitha ayishumi ukusuka eBologna, uyise awuthenga ekolishi laseSpain ngesikhathi sokuhlasela kweFrance futhi wamshiya njengefa. Inhloko-dolobha yayo yayiyizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amane zama-scudos aseRoma. Ngaphezu kwalokho, u-Isabella wayengumculi odumile, futhi izwi lakhe lamlethela imali eningi, futhi eduze komqambi onjalo ohlonishwayo, odwetshwe yizicucu yi-impresario, imali engenayo izokhula nakakhulu. Futhi umaestro uphinde wanikeza ama-opera akhe ngomculi osezingeni eliphezulu.”

Umshado wenziwa ngoMashi 6, 1822 eCastenaso, eduze kwaseBologna, endlini yesonto yeVirgine del Pilar eVilla Colbran. Ngaleso sikhathi, kwacaca ukuthi iminyaka engcono kakhulu yomculi isivele isemva kwakhe. Ubunzima bezwi lika-bel canto baba ngaphezu kwamandla akhe, amanothi angamanga awavamile, ukuguquguquka nokucwebezela kwezwi lakhe kwanyamalala. Ngo-1823, u-Isabella Colbrand wethula emphakathini okokugcina i-opera entsha kaRossini, iSemiramide, omunye wemisebenzi yakhe yobuciko.

Ku-"Semiramide" u-Isabella uthole elinye lamaqembu "wakhe" - iqembu lendlovukazi, umbusi we-opera namazwi. Ukuma okuhle, ukuhlaba umxhwele, ithalente elimangalisayo lomlingisi odabukisayo, amakhono angavamile wezwi - konke lokhu kwenza ukusebenza kwengxenye kuvelele.

I-premiere ye-"Semiramide" yenzeka e-Venice ngo-February 3, 1823. Kwakungekho nesisodwa isihlalo esingenalutho esisele endaweni yeshashalazi, izethameli zazigcwele ngisho nasemaphasishi. Kwakungenakwenzeka ukunyakaza emabhokisini.

“Umagazini ngamunye,” kubhala amaphephandaba, “waphakanyiswa ezinkanyezini. Isiteji sika-Marianne, i-duet yakhe no-Colbrand-Rossini kanye nesiteji sika-Galli, kanye ne-tercet ethandekayo yabaculi abathathu abaqanjwe ngenhla, benza i-splash.

U-Colbrand wacula ku-“Semiramide” ngesikhathi ese-Paris, ezama ngekhono elimangalisayo ukufihla amaphutha asobala kakhulu ezwini lakhe, kodwa lokhu kwamlethela ukudumala okukhulu. I-“Semiramide” bekuyi-opera yokugcina acula kuyo. Ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho, uColbrand wayeka ukucula esiteji, nakuba ayesavela ngezikhathi ezithile emakhonsathini okusaluni.

Ukuze avale isikhala esiwumphumela, u-Colbran waqala ukudlala amakhadi futhi waba umlutha kakhulu kulo msebenzi. Lesi ngesinye sezizathu zokuthi abashadile baseRosini babelokhu beqhela komunye nomunye. Kwaba nzima kumqambi ukubekezelela isimo esingenangqondo somkakhe owonakele. Ekuqaleni kwawo-30, lapho uRossini ehlangana futhi ethandana no-Olympia Pelissier, kwaba sobala ukuthi ukuhlukana kwakungenakugwenywa.

UColbrand wachitha zonke izinsuku zakhe eCastenaso, lapho afela khona ngo-Okthoba 7, 1845, eyedwa ngokuphelele, ekhohliwe yibo bonke. Ukhohlwe izingoma aziqamba kakhulu empilweni yakhe.