Luigi Lablache |

Luigi Lablache

Ngomculo webhesi omangalisayo, uLablache waqanjwa ngokuthi nguZeus the Thunderer. Wayenezwi eliqinile eline-timbre ekhanyayo, uhla olukhulu, olwaluzwakala kahle kokubili e-cantilena nasezindimeni ze-virtuoso. Umlingisi okhaliphile, wahlanganisa ekuthuthukisweni kwe-virtuoso yobuciko neqiniso elingokoqobo, wadala izithombe ezinhle kakhulu zabalingiswa abahlukahlukene. Umqambi waseRussia u-AN Serov wambeka phakathi “komkhakha wabalingisi abakhulu.” “Abalandeli abashisekayo baseLablache baqhathanisa u-D wakhe ongenhla nokuduma kwempophoma nokuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo,” kubhala u-Yu.A. Volkov. - Kodwa inzuzo eyinhloko yomculi kwakuyikhono ngesikhathi esifanele lokunciphisa umoya wakhe omkhulu, ovuthayo kalula ngenhloso yendima. I-Lablache ihlanganise ukuthuthukiswa kogqozi nesiko eliphezulu lomculo nokulingisa.

U-Wagner, ngemva kokumuzwa ngo-Don Juan, wathi: “I-Leporello yangempela ... Ibhesi yakhe enamandla ngaso sonke isikhathi igcina ukuguquguquka nokuvumelana ... Ngokumangazayo umsindo ocacile futhi okhanyayo, nakuba enyakaza kakhulu, lo Leporello ungumqambimanga ongalungiseki, isikhulumi esiyigwala. Akaxoxi, akagijimi, akadansi, kodwa nokho uhlala ehamba, ehlala esendaweni efanele, lapho ikhala lakhe elibukhali lihogela inzuzo, ubumnandi noma ukudabuka ... "

ULuigi Lablache wazalwa ngoDisemba 6, 1794 eNaples. Kusukela eneminyaka eyishumi nambili, uLuigi wafunda eNaples Conservatory ukudlala i-cello kanye nama-bass aphindwe kabili. Ngemva kokuhlanganyela (ingxenye ye-contralto) ku-Requiem yaseSpain, uMozart waqala ukufundela ukucula. Ngo-1812 waqala ukubonakala eSan Carlo Opera House (Naples). I-Lablache ekuqaleni yayidlala njenge-bass buff. Udumo lwamlethela ukusebenza kwengxenye yeGeronimo ku-opera ethi "Umshado Oyimfihlo".

Ngo-Agasti 15, 1821, uLablache wabonakala okokuqala eLa Scala njengoDandini eCinderella kaRossini. AbaseMilanese bamkhumbula ku-opera ethi Don Pasquale kanye nethi The Barber yaseSeville.

Kuma-comic opera, i-bass "ekhuluphele kakhulu" i-Lablache yayiyisithixo somphakathi. Iphimbo lakhe, elinophawu olukhanyayo nobubanzi obukhulu, obuwugqinsi futhi obunoshukela, lalingenasizathu sokuqhathaniswa nabantu ababephila ngesikhathi sokuduma kwempophoma, futhi “D” engenhla yafaniswa nokuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo. Isipho esihle sokulingisa, ubukhazikhazi obungapheli kanye nengqondo ejulile kwavumela umculi ukuba akhanye esiteji.

Kusukela endimeni kaBartolo Lablache wadala umsebenzi wobuciko. Umlingiswa womnakekeli omdala wembulwa ohlangothini olungalindelekile: kwavela ukuthi wayengeyena nhlobo umuntu oyisixhwanguxhwangu futhi engeyona inyoni, kodwa ekhononda ngokungenangqondo, ngokuhlanya othandweni nomfundi osemusha. Nebala ekhuza uRosina, athathe isikhashana aqabule iminwe yentombazane ngesineke. Ngesikhathi sokudlala i-aria mayelana nokunyundela, u-Bartolo wenza inkhulumomphendvulwano elingisa nozakwethu - walalela, wamangala, wamangala, wacasuka - okwakunyantisa kakhulu ubuphansi bukaDon Basilio ohlonishwayo ngenxa yemvelo yakhe ekhaliphile.

Inani eliphakeme lokuthandwa komculi liwela ngesikhathi sokudlala kwakhe eLondon naseParis ngo-1830-1852.

Izindima zakhe eziningi ezinhle kakhulu zisemisebenzini kaDonizetti: Dulcamara (“Love Potion”), Marine Faliero, Henry VIII (“Anne Boleyn”).

U-G. Mazzini ubhala ngomunye wemidlalo ye-opera u-Anna Boleyn ngale ndlela elandelayo: “… ubuntu babalingiswa, abalingisi abayizimpumputhe bezingoma zikaRossini ababushaya indiva ngonya, buqashelwa ngenkuthalo emisebenzini eminingi kaDonizetti futhi buchazwa ngokungajwayelekile. amandla. Ubani ongakaze ezwe emfanekisweni womculo kaHenry VIII ononya, ngesikhathi esifanayo ngendlela enonya futhi engeyona eyemvelo, indaba exoxa ngayo? Futhi lapho uLablache ekhipha la mazwi: “Omunye uzohlala esihlalweni sobukhosi samaNgisi, uyokufanelekela kakhulu uthando,” ongezwa ukuthi umphefumulo wakhe uthuthumela kanjani, ongayiqondi okwamanje imfihlo yomashiqela, akalibuki leli gceke elabulala uBoleyn ?

Isiqephu esihlekisayo sicashunwe encwadini yakhe ka-D. Donati-Petteni. Uchaza isikhathi lapho uLablache eba umhlanganyeli kaDonizetti engazi:

“Ngaleso sikhathi, uLablache wayehlela izikhathi zakusihlwa angasoze azikhohlwa efulethini lakhe likanokusho, ayememela kulo abangane bakhe abaseduze kuphela. U-Donizetti naye wayevame ukuya kule mikhosi, amaFulentshi ayeyibiza - ngalesi sikhathi ngesizathu esihle - "i-pasta".

Futhi nangempela, phakathi kwamabili, lapho umculo uphela futhi ukudansa kuphelile, wonke umuntu waya ekamelweni lokudlela. I-cauldron enkulu yavela lapho kubo bonke ubukhazikhazi bayo, futhi kuyo - i-macaroni engaguquki, lapho uLablache ehlala ephatha ngayo izivakashi. Wonke umuntu wathola isabelo sakhe. Umnikazi womuzi wayekhona lapho kudliwa futhi waneliseka ngokubuka abanye bedla. Kodwa kwathi nje lapho abamenyiweyo beqeda ukudla kwakusihlwa, wahlala etafuleni yedwa. I-napkin enkulu eyayiboshwe entanyeni yakhe yavala isifuba sakhe, ngaphandle kokukhuluma, wadla izinsalela zesitsha sakhe esithandayo ngokuhaha okungachazeki.

Lapho uDonizetti, naye owayeyithanda kakhulu ipasta, wafika sekwephuze kakhulu - kwadliwa yonke into.

“Ngizokunika ipasta,” kusho uLablache, “ngombandela owodwa.” Nali icwecwe. Hlala phansi etafuleni bese ubhala amakhasi amabili omculo. Usaqamba, bonke abaseduze bazothula, futhi uma kukhona okhulumayo, bazokhipha imali, futhi ngizojezisa isigebengu.

“Ngiyavuma,” kusho uDonizetti.

Wathatha ipeni waqala ukusebenza. Ngangingakayidwebi imigqa emibili yomculo lapho izindebe zomunye umuntu zisho amazwi ambalwa. KwakunguSignora Persiani. Wathi uMario:

“Sibheja ukuthi uqamba i-cavatina.

Futhi uMario waphendula ngokunganaki:

“Ukube bekuhloselwe mina, bengingajabula.

UThalberg naye waphula umthetho, futhi uLablache wabiza bonke bobathathu ukuba bahlele ngezwi elidumayo:

– Fant, signorina Persiani, fant, Thalberg.

- Ngiqedile! kubabaza uDonizetti.

Ubhale amakhasi amabili omculo ngemizuzu engama-22. ULablache wamnika isandla sakhe wamyisa endlini yokudlela, lapho kwakusanda kufika imbiza entsha ye-pasta.

I-maestro yahlala phansi etafuleni futhi yaqala ukudla njengeGargantua. Khonamanjalo, egumbini lokuphumula, uLablache umemezele isijeziso sabathathu abanecala lokuphazamisa ukuthula: USignorina Persiani noMario babezocula ingoma yomculo kaL'elisir d'amore, kanye noThalberg ukuthi bahambisane. Kwakuyisenzakalo esimangalisayo. Baqala ukumemeza kakhulu umbhali, futhi uDonizetti, eboshwe nge-napkin, waqala ukubashayela ihlombe.

Ezinsukwini ezimbili kamuva, uDonizetti wacela uLablache i-albhamu aqopha kuyo umculo. Wengeza amagama, futhi lawo makhasi amabili omculo aba yikwaya evela kuDon Pasquale, i-waltz enhle eyazwakala kulo lonke elaseParis ezinyangeni ezimbili kamuva.

Akumangalisi ukuthi uLablache waba ngumdlali wokuqala wendima yesihloko ku-opera uDon Pasquale. I-opera yaqala ukukhonjiswa ngoJanuwari 4, 1843 eThéâtre d'Italien eParis noGrisi, uLablache, uTamburini noMario. Impumelelo yaba yimpumelelo.

Ihholo lemidlalo yaseshashalazini yase-Italy alikaze liwubone umhlangano omuhle kangaka wezicukuthwane zaseParis. Umuntu kumelwe abone, ukhumbula u-Escudier, futhi kumelwe ezwe uLablache endalweni ephakeme kakhulu kaDonizetti. Lapho umculi ebonakala enobuso bakhe obuyingane, ngobuhlakani futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, njengokungathi uzinza ngaphansi kwesisindo somzimba wakhe okhuluphele (wayezonikeza isandla sakhe nenhliziyo kuNorina othandekayo), ukuhleka kobungane kwezwakala kulo lonke ihholo. Lapho, ngezwi lakhe elimangalisayo, edlula wonke amanye amazwi ne-orchestra, eduma ku-quartet edumile, engapheli, ihholo labanjwa ngokuthakasela kwangempela - ukudakwa kwenjabulo, ukunqoba okukhulu kokubili komculi nomqambi.

ULablash wadlala izindima eziningi ezinhle kakhulu emikhiqizweni yaseRossin: Leporello, Assur, William Tell, Fernando, Moses (Semiramide, William Tshela, The Thieving Magpie, Moses). ULablache wayengumculi wokuqala wezingxenye zeWalton (iPuritani kaBellini, 1835), u-Count Moore (abaphangi bakaVerdi, 1847).

Kusukela ngesizini ka-1852/53 kuya ku-1856/57, uLablache wacula ku-Italian Opera eSt.

"Umculi, owayenobuntu obukhanyayo bokudala, wenza ngempumelelo izingxenye zobuqhawe nezici, uvele phambi kwezilaleli zaseRussia njenge-bass buff," kubhala uGozenpud. - Amahlaya, ukuzenzela, isipho esiyivelakancane sasesiteji, izwi elinamandla elinobubanzi obukhulu linqume ukubaluleka kwakhe njengeciko elingenakuqhathaniswa lendawo yomculo. Phakathi kwezimpumelelo zakhe eziphakeme kakhulu zobuciko, kufanele siqambe kuqala izithombe zikaLeporello, Bartolo, Don Pasquale. Yonke indalo yasesiteji yaseLablache, ngokusho kwabantu besikhathi sakhe, yayihlaba umxhwele ukuba yiqiniso nobungqabavu bayo. Leyo, ikakhulukazi, i-Leporello yakhe - engenangqondo futhi enesimo esihle, eziqhenya ngokunqoba kwenkosi futhi ehlala enganelisekile ngayo yonke into, engenangqondo, eyigwala. ULablache uhehe izethameli njengomculi nomlingisi. Emfanekisweni kaBartolo, akazange agcizelele izici zakhe ezimbi. U-Bartolo wayengathukuthele futhi enomona, kodwa ehlekisa futhi ethinta ngisho nokuthinta. Mhlawumbe lokhu kuhumusha kuthonywe ithonya lesiko elivela kuPaisiello ethi The Barber of Seville. Ikhwalithi eyinhloko yomlingisi owakhiwe yiciko bekungukungabi nacala.”

U-Rostislav wabhala: “ULablash ukwazile ukunikeza (iphathi encane) ukubaluleka okubaluleke ngokukhethekile ... Uyahlekisa futhi akathembi, futhi ukhohlisiwe ngoba nje elula. Qaphela isimo sobuso bukaLablache ngesikhathi sikaDon Basilio's aria la calunma. I-Lablache yenza i-duet ngaphandle kwe-aria, kodwa i-duet iyalingisa. Akakuqondi ngokuzumayo konke ukuhlambalaza okunikezwa nguDon Basilio onobuqili - uyalalela, uyamangala, ulandela konke ukunyakaza kwe-interlocutor yakhe futhi akakwazi ukuzivumela emibonweni yakhe elula ukuze umuntu angenele ebuhlotsheni obunjalo.

U-Lablache, onomqondo ongavamile wesitayela, wenza umculo wesiNtaliyane, isiJalimane nesiFulentshi, akukho ndawo enehaba noma i-caricaturing, eyisibonelo esiphezulu sobuciko bobuciko nesitayela.

Ekupheleni kohambo lwaseRussia, uLablache waqeda ukudlala kwakhe esiteji se-opera. Wabuyela kwelakubo eNaples, lapho afela khona ngoJanuwari 23, 1858.