Nikolai Andreevich Malko |

Nikolai Malko

IsiRashiya ngemvelaphi, ongowokuzalwa edolobheni laseBrailov esifundazweni sasePodolsk, uNikolai Malko waqala umsebenzi wakhe wokuba umqhubi weqembu le-ballet laseMariinsky Theatre eSt. Kepha yize aphila ingxenye ebalulekile yempilo yakhe phesheya, uMalko wayehlala engumculi waseRussia, ummeleli wesikole esiqhubayo, esihlanganisa amakhosi amaningi obuciko obudlalwayo engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu lesi-XNUMX - S. Koussevitzky, A. Pazovsky , V. Suk, A. Orlov , E. Cooper nabanye.

UMalko weza eMariinsky Theatre ngo-1909 esuka eSt. Petersburg Conservatory, lapho othisha bakhe beN. Rimsky-Korsakov, A. Lyadov, A. Glazunov, N. Cherepnin. Ithalente elivelele nokuqeqeshwa okuhle kwamvumela ukuba ngokushesha athathe indawo evelele phakathi kwabaqhubi baseRussia. Ngemva kwenguquko, uMalko wasebenza isikhathi esithile eVitebsk (1919), wabe esesebenza futhi wafundisa eMoscow, eKharkov, Kyiv, futhi phakathi neminyaka engamashumi amabili waba umqhubi oyinhloko we-Philharmonic kanye noprofesa e-conservatory eLeningrad. Phakathi kwabafundi bakhe kwakukhona abaculi abaningi abasaphakathi kwabaqhubi abahamba phambili bezwe lethu namuhla: E. Mravinsky, B. Khaikin, L. Ginzburg, N. Rabinovich nabanye. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kumakhonsathi aqhutshwa nguMalko, izinto eziningi ezintsha zomculo waseSoviet zenziwa okokuqala, futhi phakathi kwazo kwakukhona i-First Symphony ka-D. Shostakovich.

Kusukela ngo-1928, uMalko wahlala phesheya iminyaka eminingi ngaphambi kwempi, isikhungo somsebenzi wakhe kwakuyiCopenhagen, lapho afundisa khona njengomqhubi nalapho enza khona izinkambo eziningi zekhonsathi emazweni ahlukene. (Manje enhloko-dolobha yaseDenmark, inkumbulo kaMalko, umncintiswano wamazwe ngamazwe wabaqhubi, obizwa ngegama lakhe). Umculo waseRussia wawusenendawo eyinhloko ezinhlelweni zomqhubi. UMalko usezuze idumela lokuba yingcweti enolwazi futhi engathí sina, enekhono lokuqhuba, futhi enolwazi olunzulu lwezitayela zomculo ezahlukahlukene.

Kusukela ngo-1940, uMalko wayehlala ikakhulukazi e-USA, futhi ngo-1956 wamenywa e-Australia ekude, lapho asebenza khona kwaze kwaba sekupheleni kwezinsuku zakhe, edlala indima enkulu ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kwezinsimbi kuleli zwe. Ngo-1958, uMalko wenza uhambo lokuzungeza umhlaba, lapho anikeza khona amakhonsathi amaningana eSoviet Union.

U-N. Malko wabhala imisebenzi eminingi yombhalo nomculo ngobuciko bokuqhuba, kuhlanganise nencwadi ethi "Fundamentals of Conducting Technique", ehunyushwe ngesiRashiya.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek