Tatiana Shmyga (Tatiana Shmyga).

Tatiana Shmyga

Umculi we-operetta kumele abe i-generalist. Injalo imithetho yohlobo lomculo: ihlanganisa ukucula, ukudansa nokwenza amadrama ngokulingana. Futhi ukungabikho kwenye yalezi zimfanelo akunxeshezelwa nakancane ngokuba khona kwenye. Kungenzeka ukuthi yingakho izinkanyezi zangempela emkhathizwe we-operetta zingakhanyi kakhulu. UTatyana Shmyga ungumnikazi wento engavamile, umuntu angase athi zokwenziwa, ithalente. Ubuqotho, ubuqotho obujulile, i-lyricism ephefumulayo, ehlanganiswe namandla kanye ne-charm, ngokushesha yakhanga umculi.

Tatyana Ivanovna Shmyga wazalwa ngo-December 31, 1928 eMoscow. “Abazali bami babengabantu abanomusa nabahloniphekile,” kukhumbula lo mculi. "Futhi ngiyazi kusukela ebuntwaneni ukuthi umama noma ubaba akakwazi nje ukuziphindiselela kumuntu, kodwa futhi amcasule."

Ngemva kokuthweswa iziqu, Tatiana waya kofunda e-State Institute of Theatre Arts. Amakilasi akhe aphumelela ngokulinganayo ekilasini lokucula likaDB Belyavskaya; wayeziqhenya ngomfundi wakhe kanye no-IM Tumanov, ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwakhe akwazi izimfihlo zokulingisa. Konke lokhu kwashiya ngaphandle kokungabaza mayelana nokukhetha kwekusasa lokudala.

“… Ngonyaka wami wesine, ngaba nokuphazamiseka - izwi lami lanyamalala,” kusho umdwebi. “Ngangicabanga ukuthi ngeke ngisakwazi ukucula. Ngangifuna nokusishiya lesi sikhungo. Othisha bami abamangalisayo bangisizile – bangenza ngakholelwa kimina, ngathola izwi lami futhi.

Ngemva kokuphothula esikoleni, uTatyana wenza i-debut yakhe esiteji se-Moscow Operetta Theatre ngonyaka ofanayo, ngo-1953. Waqala lapha ngendima kaVioletta ku-Violet yaseMontmartre kaKalman. Esinye sezihloko eziphathelene noShmyg sithi ngokufanelekile le ndima “njengokungathi inqunyelwe kusengaphambili ingqikithi yomdlali we-actress, isithakazelo sakhe esikhethekile esiphethweni samantombazane amancane alula, anesizotha, angaphandle angabonakali, aguqula ngokuyisimangaliso phakathi nezenzakalo futhi abonise ukuqina okukhethekile kokuziphatha, isibindi somphefumulo.”

U-Shmyga wathola kokubili umeluleki omkhulu nomyeni endaweni yeshashalazi. UVladimir Arkadyevich Kandelaki, owabe ephethe eMoscow Operetta Theatre, kwaba umuntu oyedwa kubantu ababili. Inqolobane yethalente lakhe lobuciko iseduze nezifiso zobuciko zomlingisi osemusha. U-Kandelaki wazizwa ngendlela efanele futhi wakwazi ukuveza amakhono okwenziwa lapho uShmyga efika enkundleni yemidlalo yaseshashalazini.

“Ngingasho ukuthi leyo minyaka eyishumi lapho umyeni wami engumqondisi oyinhloko yayinzima kakhulu kimi,” kukhumbula uShmyga. – Angikwazanga ukukwenza konke. Kwakungenakwenzeka ukugula, kwakungenakwenzeka ukwenqaba indima, kwakungenakwenzeka ukukhetha, futhi ngenxa yokuthi ngingumfazi womqondisi oyinhloko. Ngidlale yonke into, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ngiyayithanda noma angiyithandi. Ngesikhathi abalingisi bedlala i-Circus Princess, i-Merry Widow, u-Maritza noSilva, ngiphinde ngadlala zonke izindima ku-"operettas yaseSoviet". Futhi ngisho nalapho ngingakuthandi ukwaziswa okwakuhlongozwa, ngaqala ukuzilolonga, ngoba uKandelaki wathi kimi: “Cha, uzoyidlala.” Futhi ngadlala.

Angifuni ukunikeza umbono wokuthi u-Vladimir Arkadyevich wayeyi-despot enjalo, wagcina umkakhe emzimbeni omnyama ... Phela, leso sikhathi sasithakazelisa kakhulu kimi. Kungaphansi kukaKandelaki lapho ngidlala khona uVioletta kuThe Violet yaseMontmartre, Chanita, Gloria Rosetta emdlalweni weshashalazi othi The Circus Lights the Lights.

Lezi kwakuyizindima ezimangalisayo, amakhonsathi athakazelisayo. Ngibonga kakhulu kuye ngokuthi ukholelwa emandleni ami, wanginika ithuba lokuvula isifuba.

Njengoba u-Shmyga eshilo, i-operetta yaseSoviet ihlale iphakathi kwe-repertoire yakhe kanye nezithakazelo zokudala. Cishe yonke imisebenzi engcono kakhulu yalolu hlobo isanda kudlula ngokubamba iqhaza kwakhe: "I-White Acacia" ka-I. Dunaevsky, "Moscow, Cheryomushki" ka-D. Shostakovich, "Spring Sings" ka-D. Kabalevsky, "Kiss ka-Chanita", "I-The Chanita's Kiss" I-Circus Lights the Lights”, “Inkinga Yentombazane” ka-Y. Milyutin, “Sevastopol Waltz” ka-K. Listov, “Intombazane Enamehlo Aluhlaza” ka-V. Muradeli, “Umncintiswano Wobuhle” ka-A. Dolukhanyan, “White Night” ka-T. . Khrennikov, "Vumela Isiginci Idlale" ka-O. Feltsman , "Uthando Lomlingani" ka-V. Ivanov, "Frantic Gascon" ka-K. Karaev. Lolu uhlu oluhlaba umxhwele. Izinhlamvu ezihluke ngokuphelele, futhi ku-Shmyga ngayinye uthola imibala ekholisayo, ngezinye izikhathi inqoba ukujwayelekile nokuxega kwezinto ezimangalisayo.

Endimeni kaGloria Rosetta, umculi wakhuphukela ezingeni eliphakeme lekhono, wenza uhlobo lwezinga lobuciko bokwenza. Lokho kwakungomunye wemisebenzi yokugcina kaKandelaki.

U-EI Falkovic uyabhala:

"... Lapho uTatyana Shmyga, ngokuthakazelisa kwakhe okuzwakalayo, ukunambitheka okungenakuqhathaniswa, kuvela enkabeni yalesi simiso, ukukhanya kwendlela kaKandelaki kwakunokulinganisela, wanikwa ukunotha, amafutha aminyene okubhala kwakhe asuswa ngabamnene. i-watercolor yokudlala kuka-Shmyga.

Kwaba njalo eSekisini. Nge-Gloria Rosetta - Shmyga, indikimba yephupho lenjabulo, indikimba yesisa esingokomoya, ubufazi obukhangayo, ubunye bobuhle bangaphandle nangaphakathi, yayifakiwe ekusebenzeni. I-Shmyga ithuthukise ukusebenza okunomsindo, yanikeza umthunzi othambile, yagcizelela umugqa wayo wezingoma. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngalesi sikhathi ubungcweti bakhe base bufinyelele izinga eliphezulu kangangokuthi ubuciko bakhe bokudlala baba yisibonelo kubalingani bakhe.

Ukuphila kukaGloria osemncane kwakunzima - u-Shmyga ukhuluma kabuhlungu ngesiphetho sentombazane encane evela emadolobheni aseParis, washiya intandane futhi wamukelwa umNtaliyane, umnikazi wesekisi, uRosetta ononya futhi onomqondo omncane.

Kuvela ukuthi uGloria ungumFulentshi. Ufana nodadewabo omdala weNtombazane yaseMontmartre. Ukubukeka kwakhe okumnene, ukukhanya okuthambile, okudabukisa kancane kwamehlo akhe kuvuselela uhlobo lwabesifazane izimbongi ezicula ngabo, abakhuthaze abaculi - abesifazane baseManet, Renoir kanye neModigliani. Lolu hlobo lowesifazane, oluthambile futhi olumnandi, olunomphefumulo ogcwele imizwelo efihliwe, ludala u-Shmyg kubuciko bakhe.

Ingxenye yesibili ye-duet - "Ungene empilweni yami njengomoya ..." - umfutho wokukhuluma ngokungagwegwesi, umncintiswano wesimo esibili, ukunqoba endaweni epholile, eyedwa yezwi elipholile.

Futhi ngokuzumayo, kubonakala sengathi, "isiqephu" esingalindelekile ngokuphelele - ingoma edumile ethi "Abaculi Abayishumi Nambili", kamuva eyaba enye yezinombolo zekhonsathi ezihamba phambili zikaShmyga. Ekhanyayo, ejabule, ngesigqi se-foxtrot esheshayo enekhwaya evunguzayo - "la-la-la-la" - iculo elingenasizotha mayelana namathalenta ayishumi nambili angaziwa athandana nonobuhle futhi amculela izingoma zabo, kodwa yena, njengenjwayelo, wayethanda okwehluke ngokuphelele, umpofu umdayisi wamanothi, “la-la-la-la, la-la-la-la …”.

… Ukuphuma okusheshayo kunkundla eyidayagonali eyehlela phakathi nendawo, ukudansa okucijile nokowesifazane okuhambisana nengoma, imvunulo ye-pop egcizelelayo, umdlandla ojabulisayo wendaba yeqili elincane elihehayo, elizinikela esigqi esihehayo ...

… Kokuthi “Abaculi Abayishumi Nambili” u-Shmyga uzuze ukucula kwenombolo okuyisibonelo, okuqukethwe okungaxakile kwaphonswa kwifomu elincomekayo le-virtuoso. Futhi nakuba u-Gloria wakhe engadansi i-cancan, kodwa into efana ne-foxtrot yasesiteji eyinkimbinkimbi, ukhumbula kokubili umsuka wesiFulentshi we-heroine no-Offenbach.

Kukho konke lokho, kunophawu oluthile olusha lwezikhathi ekusebenzeni kwakhe - ingxenye yendida elula phezu kokuthululwa kwemizwa okunesivunguvungu, indida eveza le mizwa evulekile.

Kamuva, lokhu kuxaka kuhloswe ukuthuthukisa kube imaski evikelayo ngokumelene nenhlamba yengxabano yezwe - ngalokhu, u-Shmyga uzophinde aveze ukusondelana kwakhe okungokomoya ngobuciko obunzima. Okwamanje - iveyili encane yokubhuqa iqinisekisa ukuthi cha, akuyona yonke into enikezwa inombolo ekhaliphile - kuyinhlekisa ukucabanga ukuthi umphefumulo, owomele ukuphila ngokujulile nangokugcwele, uyakwazi ukwaneliseka ngengoma ethandekayo. Kuhle, kumnandi, kuyahlekisa, kuhle ngendlela emangalisayo, kodwa amanye amandla nezinye izinjongo azikhohlwa ngemuva kwalokhu.

Ngo-1962, uShmyga waqala ukuvela kumafilimu. Ku-Ryazanov "Hussar Ballad" uTatyana wadlala indima eyisiqephu, kodwa ekhumbulekayo yomlingisi waseFrance uGermont, owafika eRussia ngokuvakasha futhi wanamathela "eqhweni", phakathi nempi. U-Shmyga udlale owesifazane omnandi, obukekayo futhi odlala ngothando. Kodwa lawa mehlo, lobu buso obuthambile ezikhathini zokuba uwedwa akufihli ukudabuka kolwazi, usizi lwesizungu.

Engomeni ka-Germont “Ngiyaqhubeka nokuphuza futhi ngiphuza, sengivele ngadakwa …” ungabona kalula ukuthuthumela nokudabuka ezwini lakho ngemuva kwalokhu okubonakala kumnandi. Ngendima encane, u-Shmyga udale isifundo sezengqondo esihle. Umlingisi wasebenzisa lokhu okuhlangenwe nakho endimeni yethiyetha eyalandela.

"Umdlalo wakhe umakwa ngomqondo omuhle wohlobo kanye nokugcwaliseka okujulile ngokomoya," kuphawula u-EI Falkovich. - Ukufaneleka okungenakuphikwa komdlali we-actress ukuthi ngobuciko bakhe uletha ukujula kokuqukethwe ku-operetta, izinkinga ezibalulekile zempilo, ukukhuphula lolu hlobo ezingeni elibucayi kakhulu.

Endimeni ngayinye entsha, u-Shmyga uthola izindlela ezintsha zokukhuluma zomculo, ezihlaba umxhwele ngokubonwa kwempilo okucashile nokujwayelekile. Isiphetho sikaMary Eve ovela ku-operetta ethi “The Girl with Blue Eyes” ka-VI Muradeli siyamangaza, kodwa sitshelwa ngolimi lwe-operetta yothando; UJackdaw ovela emdlalweni othi “Indoda Yangempela” kaMP Ziva ukhanga ngokukhangayo kwentsha ebonakala entekenteke, kodwa enamandla; UDaria Lanskaya (“White Night” ka-TN Khrennikov) wembula izici zedrama yangempela. Futhi, ekugcineni, u-Galya Smirnova ovela ku-operetta "Beauty Contest" ka-AP Dolukhanyan ufingqa isikhathi esisha sokuseshwa nokutholwa komdlali we-actress, ohlanganisa iqhawekazi lakhe ubuhle bendoda yaseSoviet, ubuhle bakhe obungokomoya, ukujula kwemizwa nemicabango. . Kule ndima, u-T. Shmyga akaqinisekisi nje kuphela ngobungcweti bakhe obukhazimulayo, kodwa futhi nangokuziphatha kwakhe okuhle, isikhundla somphakathi.

Izimpumelelo zokudala ezibalulekile zika-Tatiana Shmyga emkhakheni we-operetta yakudala. U-Violetta oyinkondlo ku-Violet yase-Montmartre ka-I. Kalman, u-Adele ophilayo, onomfutho ku-Bat ka-I. Strauss, u-Angele Didier othakazelisayo ku-The Count of Luxembourg ka-F. Lehar, u-Ninon okhaliphile enguqulweni yesiteji sokunqoba I-Violets yase-Montmartre, u-Eliza Doolittle ku-"My Fair Lady" ka-F. Low - lolu hlu ngokuqinisekile luzoqhutshelwa yimisebenzi emisha yomdlali we-actress.

Ngama-90s, u-Shmyga wadlala indima eyinhloko emdlalweni othi "Catherine" no "Julia Lambert". Womabili ama-operetta ayebhalelwe yena ngokukhethekile. “Itiyetha ikhaya lami,” kucula uJulia. Futhi umlaleli uyaqonda ukuthi uJulia kanye nomlingisi wale ndima uShmyga banento eyodwa abafana ngayo - abakwazi ukucabanga impilo yabo ngaphandle kwemidlalo yaseshashalazini. Yomibili le midlalo iyihubo lomlingisi, ihubo lowesifazane, ihubo lobuhle besifazane nethalente.

“Ngisebenze impilo yami yonke. Iminyaka eminingi, nsuku zonke, kusukela ezivivinyweni eziyishumi ekuseni, cishe njalo kusihlwa - ukusebenza. Manje senginethuba lokukhetha. Ngidlala uCatherine noJulia futhi angifuni ukudlala ezinye izindima. Kodwa le yimidlalo engingenamahloni ngayo,” kusho uShmyga.