Ibukeka kanjani i-Lyre futhi idlalwa kanjani insimbi yomculo?

Naphezu kokuthi i-lyre ingenye yezinsimbi zomculo ezindala kakhulu, abaculi abaningi banesithakazelo embuzweni wokuthi bangafunda kanjani ukuyidlala. Ngaphambi kokuba ufunde ubuciko basendulo, kufanele ufunde mayelana nezici zehabhu, futhi ucabangele ngokuningiliziwe izinhlobo zayo eziyinhloko kanye nezincomo ezithile mayelana namasu okusebenza.

Insimbi yomculo i-lira ingeyezinhlobo ezihlutshiwe ezinezintambo, isici sazo okuyizintambo ezihlukene ezingu-7. Inombolo yezingxenye zeyunithi yezinhlamvu inombolo yamaplanethi afanekisela ingxenye ye-harmonic ye-Universe. Ihabhu lalisetshenziswa kakhulu eGrisi lasendulo.

Ngokusekelwe ezicini zokuklama, i-lyre ibukeka njengekhola enkulu, lapho izintambo ezinobude obufanayo zeluliwe. Izingxenye zezintambo zenziwe ngefilakisi, i-hemp, noma amathumbu esilwane. Lezi zakhi zesakhiwo zazinamathele emzimbeni oyinhloko kanye nenduku ekhethekile.

Ngokusekelwe olwazini olungokomlando kanye nemibono yososayensi abaningi, ihabhu lavela eGrisi lasendulo. I-ethnos ngokwayo yakhiwa enkathini yakudala ukuze kutholwe, kushwelezwe futhi kukhululeke onkulunkulu. Kulo mongo, insimbi yomculo yaqala ukusetshenziswa njengophawu oluyinhloko lobuciko, olubonwa nasemhlabeni wanamuhla.

Ngaphezu kwezici eziphawulekayo eziphathelene nomklamo nophawu olungokomfanekiso, amaGreki ayeqamba izingoma ezidumile zehabhu futhi efunda imibhalo ehlukahlukene yezinkondlo. Ngenxa yalokhu, insimbi yaba yisisekelo sokwakhiwa kohlobo lwezinkondlo njengamazwi. Ngokokuqala ngqa igama elithi Lyra litholakala embongini yasendulo yamaGreki u-Archilochus.

I-peculiarity ye-lyre isikali se-diatonic, esibonakala ngevolumu yomsindo wama-octave amabili. Ngenxa yalesi sakhiwo, umsindo womkhiqizo ufana ne-bagpipe, ikakhulukazi mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo ezinamasondo. Umsindo we-lyre wangempela ukhiqiza kabusha, unamandla, unomsindo futhi ugqamile, ohambisana ne-buzz encane kanye ne-nasality. Ukuze unciphise lesi sakhiwo, ezinye izinsimbi zifakwe izingxenye zezintambo ezenziwe ngovolo noma ngelineni.

Ikhwalithi yomsindo iqinisekiswa izici zobuchwepheshe kanye nokuklama kwengxenye yomzimba. Kwezinye izimo, kungenzeka ukudweba amanothi ngamanye usebenzisa okhiye abengeziwe abatholakala kwesokudla noma kwesokunxele. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi umsindo ungakhishwa kusetshenziswa amasu akhethekile. Izindlela ezidume kakhulu zokukhipha umsindo ukuhlwitha izintambo zomuntu ngamunye nokusebenzisa ukucosha iminwe, lapho umculo udlalwa ngesandla sokudla, futhi noma yimiphi imisindo engadingekile kulokhu kuqamba ithuliswa kwesokunxele.

Umndeni we-lyre ubonakala ngenani elikhulu lezinhlobo nobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, obuhlukile ngezici zokuklama kanye nekhwalithi yomsindo. Ukusebenziseka kalula kanye nekhono lokusebenzisa lokhu noma lokho kwakheka kuncike ekutheni izinhlobonhlobo zikhethwe kanjani ngendlela efanele.

• Ngaphezu kwezinhlobo eziyinhloko ezibalwe ngezansi (ukwakheka, i-cithara ne-helis), umkhiqizo obizwa ngokuthi i-da braccio uthandwa kakhulu. Le nsimbi yomculo ithi ngandlela thize ifana ne-violin ekhotheme yakudala, ngaphandle kosayizi abakhulu nephansi elibanzi. Futhi futhi i-da braccio ifakwe izintambo ze-bourdon ngenani lama-pcs angu-7.
• Helis. Lena enye yezinhlobo zakudala zensimbi, izici zazo eziwubukhulu obuhlangene nomzimba ongasindi. Ithandwa kakhulu ngabesifazane. I-helix idlalwa kusetshenziswa iplectron, ipuleti elikhethekile elenziwe ngokhuni, izinyo lendlovu noma igolide langempela. Isici esihlukile salolu hlobo futhi ukuba khona kwe-resonator.
• Ukubumba. I-Forminga iyinsimbi yomculo yasendulo yaseGreece yasendulo, okungavamile okuwukuba khona kwebhandeshi. Ngosizo lokugqoka okunjalo, umkhiqizo ubanjwe ehlombe - ukudlala emadolweni kuleli cala akunikeziwe. Isici sesici futhi yikhono lokukhiqiza amanothi alula, amafushane futhi aphezulu. Ngenxa yokushoda kwe-sonority, ukubukeka okuhle nokuhlukahluka komsindo, ukubunjwa kulungele uhlobo oludumile lwengoma.
• I-Kifara. Insimbi yomculo ebonakala ngomzimba osindayo futhi oyisicaba. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zazidlalwa ikakhulukazi amadoda, okuchazwa umthwalo omkhulu womzimba emzimbeni. Isici esibaluleke ngokulinganayo se-cithara ubukhona bezintambo ezingu-12 esikhundleni sezi-7 zakudala. Izingoma zomculo namanothi ngamanye ayedlalwa kusetshenziswa i-bone plectrum, eyayixhunywe emzimbeni.

Izinhlobo ezidumile kakhulu zezinsimbi zomculo zingadlalwa kokubili umile futhi uhlezi. Uma ukubunjwa kudlalwa ngenkathi kumile, i-lyre ilenga emzimbeni usebenzisa isikhumba esikhethekile noma ibhande lendwangu, elixhunywe emzimbeni womkhiqizo, kuyilapho intamo iqondiswa kancane eceleni. Uma umdlalo udlalwa ngenkathi uhlezi, i-lyre ilungiswa ngamadolo. Njengoba umkhuba ubonisa, kungcono ukubamba ithuluzi ngokuqondile noma ngokuthambekela okuncane okuvela emzimbeni - cishe 40-45 °. Ngakho-ke, kuvela ukufeza umfaniswano kakhulu futhi umsindo ophinyiselwe. Ngesandla esisodwa, umculi wenza ingxenye, kuyilapho ngesinye evala izintambo ezingadingekile ezingathintwa ngephutha lapho ecula ingoma ethile.

Njengoba ukudlala le nsimbi akunzima kangako, ungafunda le nqubo uwedwa, usebenzisa okokufundisa noma izincwadi ezikhethekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okwamanje kunezikole ezimbalwa zomculo ezifundisa ukudlala ihabhu. Ngokungeziwe kuhlelo ngokwalo, umsebenzisi kufanele azi ukuthi ungashuna kanjani kahle umkhiqizo weyunithi yezinhlamvu. Kulokhu, isikali sezinyathelo ezinhlanu sivame ukusetshenziswa, ngosizo lapho izingxenye zezintambo zomuntu ngamunye zilungiswa khona. Naphezu kombono omisiwe, ukudlala kuzo zonke izinhlobo ze-lyre kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa inqubo efanayo - ngokushintshana ukushintsha iminwe nokusekela izintambo.

Uma ungalandeli izincomo ezingenhla endaweni yensimbi, umculi uzothola imiphumela engathandeki njengokuhamba kokhiye ngamunye. Leli phuzu lichazwa yiqiniso lokuthi izingxenye zezintambo zingashintsha ithoni yazo kanye nekhwalithi yomsindo ngaphansi kwesisindo somkhiqizo ngokwawo.

Kuyaphawuleka, kodwa ihabhu lingenye yezinsimbi zomculo ezimbalwa ezaziboniswa ezinhlamvu zemali zasendulo. Leli qiniso liqinisekiswa yizikhombo eziningi zomlando, ukumba kanye nezingcaphuno ezivela ezincwadini zasendulo ezisekhona nanamuhla.Akuwona wonke umuntu owaziyo ukuthi i-lira okwamanje isetshenziswa njengethuluzi lesintu enyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Afrika. Umkhiqizo omdala kakhulu ogcinwe usesimweni esihle namuhla ihabhu, iminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezingu-2.5 ubudala. Yatholakala ngo-2010 endaweni manje ebizwa ngokuthi iScotland. Ngokuqondene nereferensi edume kakhulu kule nsimbi, iyinkondlo endala yaseNgilandi ebizwa ngokuthi i-Beowulf. Ngokwezazi eziningi, lo mbhalo walotshwa ekupheleni kwekhulu lesi-7. Isici esihlukile se-epic umthamo wemigqa engu-3180.

Ngenxa yokuthandwa kwayo okuphezulu phakathi kwabantu abahlukene, i-lira iyincazelo yensimbi yomculo hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi isici esiyinhloko sezimbongi eziningi. Futhi lo mkhiqizo usetshenziswa ngenkuthalo kuzimpawu eziningi zama-orchestra futhi njengeyunithi yemali yase-Italy. Inkanyezi ekhanyayo eNyakatho Nenkabazwe kanye nenyoni edumile yase-Australia kuye kwabizwa ngokuthi insimbi yomculo enezintambo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngekhulu le-17 lyre kwaba insimbi yomculo wesintu endaweni yanamuhla Belarus futhi Ukraine. Ngokungafani nenguqulo yasekuqaleni, lo mkhiqizo wawunomzimba omude futhi oqinile, kanye negama elidumile elithi "snout". Ngokuphambene nenkolelo evamile, ihabhu lalidlalwa nabesifazane. Ngokungafani ne-cithara, insimbi yokuqala yayingenzima kangako, ngakho-ke yayingadingi amandla abalulekile omzimba.