Iyini i-Melodika futhi idlalwa kanjani?

I-Melodika iyinsimbi yomculo eyingqayizivele edumile emazweni amaningi. Ngaphambi kokuba uthenge lo mkhiqizo futhi ufunde ukuthi uwudlala kanjani, kufanele ufunde incazelo yawo enemininingwane kanye nesinyathelo ngesinyathelo imiyalelo yokufunda.

Nakuba kunezingxabano eziningi kanye nemibono eyahlukene mayelana nokuvela komculo emphakathini, le nsimbi yomculo evungulwayo yasungulwa eJalimane maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Ngemva kwesikhashana, wathola ukuthandwa kabanzi ezweni lakithi.

Eqinisweni, ingoma iyinsimbi yomculo, okuthi, ngokwezici zayo zesakhiwo nesokubukwayo, into elinganiselwe phakathi kwe-harmonica ne-accordion yakudala. Sibala izici zayo eziyinhloko.

• umzimba . Ingenziwa ngokhuni noma ngepulasitiki. Ngaphakathi kwecala kukhona umgodi omncane onemihlanga eyengeziwe nama-valve, ngosizo lapho umsindo ukhishwa ensimbi. Ziphinde zithinte izici ezifana nephimbo, ivolumu kanye ne-timbre yomsindo.
• Amakhi . Isistimu yekhibhodi yenziwe ngokohlobo lwesampula yepiyano, ebonakala ngokuba khona kwezinto ezishintshashintshayo ezimhlophe nezimnyama. Inani lokhiye liyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo nemodeli yethuluzi. Amamodeli angochwepheshe afaka phakathi okhiye abangu-26 kuya ku-36 abamnyama nabamhlophe.
• Ishaneli yomlomo . Lesi sakhi sesakhiwo sivame ukutholakala ngasohlangothini lwethuluzi. Inhloso eyinhloko ukunamathisela umlomo wakudala noma ogobekayo okushaywa ngawo umoya.

Isici esihlukile somculo ukuqaliswa kwemisindo ohlelweni lokucindezela okhiye ngokuvunguza kanyekanye komoya ovela emaphashini. Ngenxa yalezi zici zokuklama, umsindo wensimbi uhlukile futhi ubonakala kahle. Inzuzo ebaluleke ngokulinganayo yomculo uhla lomculo olubanzi, olusukela ku-2 kuya ku-2.5 octave.

Izinhlobonhlobo ezikhona zemiculo ngokuyinhloko ziyehluka komunye nomunye ezicini ezifana nebanga lomculo, ubukhulu kanye nezici zokuklama. Lapho ukhetha ithuluzi, le mingcele kufanele inakwe.

• I-Tenor . Isici esihlukile somculo we-tenor yikhono lokudala imisindo yamathoni amaphakathi kuphela. Emculweni we-tenor, ukudlala okhiye kwenziwa ngesandla esisodwa somculi, kuyilapho esinye sisekela insimbi. Amanye ama-subspecies ohlobo lwe-tenor akhiqizwa ngendlela ehlukile, okubandakanya ukudlala umculo ngezandla ezimbili ngesikhathi esisodwa. Umkhiqizo onjalo ufakwe ne-tube eguquguqukayo, efakwe emlonyeni womlomo, futhi ingoma ngokwayo ifakwe endaweni eyisicaba ngaphandle kokuhlukana nokuhluka kokuphakama.
• Soprano . Ngokungafani nezinhlobonhlobo ze-tenor, umculo we-soprano ikuvumela ukuthi udlale amanothi aphezulu kakhulu. Iningi lamamodeli ethulwe kulesi sigaba enziwe ngendlela yensimbi, edlalwa ngezandla zombili okhiye abakhona nhlangothi zombili zensimbi.
• Bass . I-Bass melody iyinhlobonhlobo eyivelakancane yalolu cezu lomculo. Ngosizo lwayo, umculi uyakwazi ukudala amathoni aphansi kakhulu nomsindo "obandayo". Lolu hlobo lwaludumile ngekhulu lama-20, futhi manje selusetshenziswa kaningi njengezikhumbuzo noma ngabashisekeli.

Labo bantu abanquma ukufunda ukudlala lo mculo, udinga ukwazi ukuthi ungayikhetha kanjani le nsimbi ngendlela efanele. Uma kungenjalo, ungase uhlangabezane nezinkinga ezihlukahlukene ezihlobene nekhwalithi yayo nokujula komsindo, kanye nokusebenziseka kalula. Ochwepheshe abaningi batusa ngokuqinile ukuthenga umkhiqizo ezitolo ezikhethekile, lapho ungawuhlola khona mathupha. Kungenjalo, ingozi yokuthola into engelona iqiniso noma into eyenziwe kabi iyanda kakhulu.

• Into yokuqala okufanele uyenze lapho uthatha iculo ukuhlola zonke izikhiye . Lezi zakhi zesakhiwo akufanele ziwe, ukucindezela ngokwakho akulula, futhi imisindo ihambisana nobubanzi. Okwakamuva, kunjalo, kungabhekwa kuphela umculi onolwazi.
• Okulandelayo okumele ukwenze hlaziya ukubukeka komkhiqizo . Umculo kufanele ungabi nawo wonke ama-scratches, imifantu noma amazinyo okungaba nomthelela omubi ekwakhekeni nasekusebenzeni kwawo.
• Olandelayo , kunconywa ukugubha insimbi kancane . Phakathi nalesi senzo, akukho misindo engaphandle okufanele izwakale ecaleni.

Ngokuqondene nabakhiqizi, kunjalo Kunconywa ukukhetha imikhiqizo eyenziwe e-EU noma eMelika . Njengoba umkhuba ubonisa, amamodeli asekhaya nawase-Asia ayashoda ngokomsindo kanye nekhwalithi yesakhiwo esenziwe ngaphambili kuma-analogue angaphandle. Ngaphandle kwezincomo ezingenhla, kufanele uhlole isigaba somlomo, okufanele singahlukani nezinga elijwayelekile, kufaka phakathi indawo eyisicaba endongeni eyinhloko.

I-Melodika ingenye yezinsimbi zomculo ezilula nezilula kakhulu, ezingafundelwa ngisho nomfundi wasenkulisa ukuzidlala. Njengoba umkhuba ubonisa, ukudala izingoma zomculo ezimnandi nezinomculo, iminyaka eminingi yokuzijwayeza ayidingeki - kwanele ukuqonda amaphuzu ayisisekelo futhi ufunde ezinye izincomo.

Umphakathi wabadlali be-melodica ugqamisa amaphuzu ambalwa abalulekile ekufundeni.

• Breath . Njengoba umehluko omkhulu phakathi komculo nezinye izinsimbi ezithandwayo ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi nevolumu yomsindo ngosizo lokuphefumula, umculi we-novice kufanele agxile kukho konke ukunaka kwakhe kule nqubo. Ukunyakaza kolimi nezindebe kufanele kube bushelelezi futhi kukhululeke - yile ndlela ongathola ngayo umsindo onamanzi kakhulu futhi okhanyayo.
• Ukucula . Imisho ye-melodic kuleli thuluzi ngokufanayo yenziwa kusetshenziswa inqubo yokuphefumula. Mayelana nalokhu, kunconywa ukuthi ulungise kusengaphambili ukucula kwakho ukuze ngemisindo ethile ungalahleki ekucindezeleni kanyekanye kohlelo lwekhibhodi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenkathi ecula, umculi angaphimisa amagama athile anikeza umsindo umuzwa oyingqayizivele nomlingisi.
• Improvisation . Njengoba umkhuba ubonisa, ukuthuthukiswa kule nsimbi yomculo kuletha injabulo ekhethekile kumdlali, okuchazwa ngendlela elula. Okokuqala, ungathuthukisa ngisho namanothi angu-1 noma ama-2 - mane ucindezele noma yiziphi izinkinobho wenze imisindo.

Ungadlala le nsimbi yomculo kunoma iyiphi indawo, ngisho ulele phansi. Ezimweni eziningi, imilomo emibili ehlukene yenzelwe imiculo, eyodwa yayo iqinile kanti enye yenziwa ngendlela yepayipi elincane nelithambile. . Endabeni ye-nozzle eqinile, insimbi yomculo ilethwa ngqo emlonyeni, kuyilapho ingoma isekelwa ngesandla sokudla, futhi izihluthulelo zicindezelwa kwesokunxele. Uma i-melody ifakwe i-hose eguquguqukayo, ifakwe ngokucophelela emadolweni akho noma etafuleni (ngenkathi izihluthulelo zicindezelwa ngezandla zombili).

Akwenzi mehluko ukuthi umculi ucula ngendlela yokuqala noma yesibili. Lapha kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha indlela kanye nesimo somzimba esizoba lula kakhulu kumuntu othile . Ukufunda okuqondile ukudlala lo mculo kuyinqubo yokuthuthukisa, ngosizo lapho umculi angakwazi ukwakha umsindo wesici, afinyelele ukuphakamisa noma ukwehlisa amanothi athile, nokunye okuningi. Uma kuqhathaniswa nepiyano, ingoma ingadlalwa ngokushesha, okuboniswa yisifiso somuntu kuphela.

Yona kanye inqubo yokudlala ilula kakhulu - ukuze kusetshenziswe ukufakwa okuthile kwe-melodic, kwanele ukuthatha insimbi emlonyeni bese uqala ukwenza imisindo ngamagama ahlukene. Esikhathini esizayo, umculi kufanele axhume izihluthulelo, lapho ivolumu, amandla kanye nomculo womsindo wanda.