Adrian Boult |

Adrian Boult

Eminyakeni embalwa edlule iphephabhuku lesiNgisi elithi Music and Music libize u-Adrian Boult “mhlawumbe umqhubi osebenza kakhulu futhi ohamba phambili kunabo bonke esikhathini sethu e-UK”. Ngempela, ngisho nalapho esekhulile akazange ashiye umsebenzi wakhe wobuciko, wanikela ngamakhonsathi ayikhulu nesigamu ngonyaka, abaningi babo emazweni ahlukene aseYurophu naseMelika. Phakathi nolunye lwalolu hambo, abathandi bomculo baseSoviet nabo bajwayelana nobuciko bomqhubi ohlonishwayo. Ngo-1956, u-Adrian Boult wadlala eMoscow enhloko yeLondon Philharmonic Orchestra. Ngaleso sikhathi wayeseneminyaka engama-67 ...

UBoult wazalelwa edolobheni lamaNgisi eChichestor futhi wathola imfundo yamabanga aphansi eWestminster School. Wabe esengena e-Oxford University futhi nalapho wagxila emculweni. UBoult wahola ikilabhu yomculo yabafundi, waba abangani abakhulu noprofesa womculo uHugh Allen. Ngemva kokuphothula izifundo zesayensi nokuthola iziqu ze-master kwezobuciko, u-Boult waqhubeka nemfundo yakhe yomculo. Enquma ukuzinikela ekuqhubeni, waya eLeipzig, lapho athuthuka khona ngaphansi kokuqondisa kuka-Arthur Nikisch odumile.

Ebuyela ezweni lakubo, uBoult wakwazi ukuqhuba amakhonsathi ambalwa e-symphony e-Liverpool. Ngemva kokugqashuka kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, uba isisebenzi somnyango wezempi futhi kuphela ukuqala kokuthula ubuyela emsebenzini wakhe. Nokho, umculi onesiphiwo akazange alikhohlwe: wamenywa ukuba aqhube amakhonsathi eziningana Royal Philharmonic Orchestra. I-debut ephumelelayo yanquma isiphetho sikaBoult: uqala ukwenza njalo. Futhi ngo-1924, uBoult wayesevele eyinhloko ye-Birmingham Symphony Orchestra.

Inguquko emlandweni walo mculi, eyamlethela udumo ngokushesha, yafika ngo-1930, lapho eqokwa njengomqondisi womculo weBritish Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) kanye nombhidisi omkhulu we-orchestra yayo eyayisanda kumiswa. Iminyaka eminingana, umqhubi wakwazi ukuguqula leli qembu libe ngumzimba womculo osezingeni eliphezulu. I-orchestra yagcwaliswa ngabaculi abaningi abasebasha, abakhuliswe nguBoult eRoyal College of Music, lapho ayefundisa khona kusukela ekuqaleni kweminyaka engamashumi amabili.

Emuva eminyakeni engamashumi amabili, u-Adrian Boult waqala uhambo lwakhe lokuqala ngaphandle kweNgilandi. Wabe esecula e-Austria, eJalimane, eCzechoslovakia, futhi kamuva nakwamanye amazwe. Abaningi baqala ukuzwa igama lomculi ezinhlelweni zomculo ze-BBC, azihola iminyaka engamashumi amabili - kwaze kwaba ngu-1950.

Enye yezinjongo eziyinhloko zemisebenzi kaBoult yokuvakasha kwakuwukuthuthukisa umsebenzi wabantu besikhathi sakhe - abaqambi bamaNgisi bekhulu le-1935. Emuva ngo-XNUMX, wabamba ikhonsathi yomculo wesiNgisi e-Salzburg Festival ngempumelelo enkulu, eminyakeni emine kamuva wenza umdlalo wayo e-World Exhibition eNew York. U-Boult uqhube ama-premiere emisebenzi ebalulekile efana ne-orchestral suite ethi “Planets” ka-G. Holst, i-Pastoral Symphony ka-R. Vaughan Williams, i-Colour Symphony kanye nekhonsathi yepiyano ka-A. Bliss. Ngaso leso sikhathi, u-Boult waziwa njengomhumushi omuhle kakhulu wezingasoze zabuna. I-repertoire yayo ebanzi ihlanganisa imisebenzi yabaqambi bawo wonke amazwe nezinkathi, kuhlanganise nomculo waseRussia, omele amagama kaTchaikovsky, uBorodin, uRachmaninoff nabanye abaqambi.

Iminyaka eminingi yesipiliyoni ivumela uBoult ukuthi axhumane ngokushesha nabaculi, afunde kalula izingcezu ezintsha; uyazi ukuthi angafinyelela kanjani ku-orchestra ukucaca kwe-ensemble, ukukhanya kwemibala, ukunemba kwesigqi. Zonke lezi zici zitholakala kwiLondon Philharmonic Orchestra, uBoult ahole yona kusukela ngo-1950.

U-Boult wafingqa ulwazi lwakhe olucebile njengomqhubi nothisha emisebenzini yakhe yezincwadi neyomculo, phakathi kwayo ethakazelisa kakhulu i-Pocket Guide to Conducting Techniques, ebhalwe ngokuhlanganyela no-V. Emery, isifundo se-Matthew Passion, ukuhlaziya nokuchazwa kwabo, kanye nencwadi ethi “Thoughts on Conducting”, izingcezu zayo eziye zahunyushelwa olimini lwesiRashiya.

"Contemporary Conductor", M. 1969.