Uphondo lwe-Basset: incazelo yensimbi, umlando, ukwakheka, ukusetshenziswa

Uphondo lwe-basset wuhlobo lwe-alto lwe-clarinet enomzimba omude nethoni ephansi, ethambile futhi efudumele.

Leli ithuluzi elishintshashintshayo - ukuphakama kwangempela komsindo walezo zinsimbi akuhambisani nalokho okukhonjiswe kumanothi, kuhluka ngesikhawu esithile phansi noma phezulu.

Uphondo lwe-basset luwumlomo odlula eshubhuni eligobile liye emzimbeni ogcina ngensimbi egobile. Ububanzi bayo buphansi kunalolo lwe-clarinet, bufinyelela phansi kunothi kuze kufike ku-octave encane. Lokhu kufezwa ngokuba khona kwama-valve engeziwe alawulwa iminwe emincane noma izithupha zesandla sokudla, kuye ngezwe okukhiqizwa kulo.

Izimpondo ze-Basset zekhulu le-18 zazinamajika kanye negumbi elikhethekile lapho umoya wawushintsha khona lapho izikhathi eziningana bese uwela ensimbi yensimbi ekhulayo.

Enye yamakhophi okuqala ale nsimbi yomoya, okukhulunywa ngayo emithonjeni yengxenye yesibili yekhulu le-18, ingumsebenzi wezingcweti uMichael no-Anton Meirhofer. Uphondo lwe-basset lwaluthandwa ngabaculi, abaqala ukuhlela ama-ensembles amancane futhi benza i-opera arias eyayidumile ngaleso sikhathi, ehlelwe ngokukhethekile ekusungulweni okusha. Ama-Freemasons nawo anake "isihlobo" se-clarinet: basisebenzisa phakathi nobuningi babo. Nge-timbre yayo ejulile, insimbi yayifana nesitho, kodwa yayilula kakhulu futhi isebenziseka kalula.

U-A. Stadler, A. Rolla, I. Bakofen, nabanye abaqambi babhalele uphondo lwe-basset. I-Mozart yayisebenzisa emisebenzini eminingana - "I-Flute Magic", "Umshado we-Figaro", i-"Requiem" edumile kanye nabanye, kodwa akuzona zonke eziqediwe. UBernard Shaw wabiza le nsimbi ngokuthi "ibalulekile emingcwabeni" futhi ukholelwa ukuthi ukube bekungeyena uMozart, wonke umuntu ubeyokhohlwa ngokuba khona kwe "alto clarinet", umbhali ubheka ukuthi umsindo wayo uyisicefe futhi ungathandeki.

Uphondo lwe-basset lwanda ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-18 nasekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19, kodwa kamuva alubange lusasetshenziswa. Insimbi yathola indawo emisebenzini kaBeethoven, Mendelssohn, Danzi, kodwa yanyamalala emashumini ambalwa eminyaka alandelayo. Ngekhulu lama-20, ukuthandwa kophondo lwe-basset kwaqala ukubuya kancane kancane. URichard Strauss wamnika izindima ku-opera yakhe ethi Elektra noDer Rosenkavalier, futhi namuhla ufakwe ku-clarinet ensembles nama-orchestra.