Isiginci sakudala: ukwakheka kwezinsimbi, umlando, izinhlobo, indlela yokukhetha nokushuna

Ukuze ube umphefumulo wanoma iyiphi inkampani, udinga isiginci sakudala kanye nekhono lokusidlala. Kuze kube yikhulu leminyaka elidlule, leli thuluzi lalinganakwa kakhulu eRussia. Futhi namuhla, ummeleli womndeni wentambo ehlutshiwe uthathwa ngokufanelekile njengethuluzi elidume kakhulu kanye nama-acoustics.

Izici Zethuluzi

Umehluko phakathi kwama-acoustics nama-classics kokubili kuzici zokuklama kanye nesitayela. Eyokuqala ifaneleka kakhulu ku-rock and roll, izwe ne-jazz, okwesibili - kwezothando, ama-ballads, i-flamenco.

Isiginci se-classical sihlukaniswa kwezinye izinhlobo ngezici zaso:

• ungayihlukanisa ngenani lama-frets, kuma-classics kukhona angu-12, hhayi angu-14, njengezinye izinhlobo;
• intamo ebanzi;
• izilinganiso ezinkulu;
• ukukhulisa umsindo kuphela ngenxa yecala lezinkuni; ama-pickup noma imakrofoni isetshenziselwa ukusebenza;
• inombolo yezintambo yi-6, ngokuvamile iyinayiloni, ikhabhoni noma insimbi;
• ama-fret marks atholakala ohlangothini lwe-fretboard, hhayi endizeni yayo.

Isiginci esinezintambo eziyisithupha sisetshenziswa kokubili ekwenzeni uwedwa kanye nokuhambisana noma kuma-ensembles. I-Technique iyayihlukanisa emculweni we-pop. Umculi uvame ukudlala ngeminwe yakhe, hhayi nge-plectrum.

Design

Izingxenye eziyinhloko umzimba, intamo, izintambo. Umumo nosayizi wensimbi bekulokhu kungashintshile kusukela ekupheleni kwekhulu lesi-XNUMX, lapho umenzi wesiginci waseSpain u-Antonio Torres enza imodeli yakudala enezintambo eziyisithupha, amabhodi okhuni aphansi nangaphezulu, axhunywe amagobolondo. Ingxenye ngayinye inezici zayo ezihlukile.

chassis

Izitezi eziphansi nezingaphezulu ziyafana ngokuma. Ukwakhiwa kwe-maple ephansi, i-violin maple, i-cypress noma ezinye izinhlobo zezinkuni zisetshenziswa, phezulu - i-spruce noma imisedari. Ukuqina kwebhodi kusuka ku-2,5 kuya ku-4 mm. Idekhi ephezulu inesibopho se-sonority yensimbi. Ibhokisi lezwi eliyindilinga elinobubanzi obungu-8,5 cm lisikwa kulo, umbambi wezintambo zokuma onentongomane ufakiwe. Isitendi sinezimbobo eziyisithupha zokunamathisela izintambo. Ukuze uvimbele ukuguqulwa komzimba ngesikhathi sokucindezeleka, uhlelo lwemithombo eyenziwe ngama-slats okhuni lufakwe ngaphakathi, kodwa ayikho induku yehange. Lona umehluko omkhulu phakathi kweziginci ze-classical kanye ne-acoustic.

Griffin

Ixhunywe ku-hull nge-keel, ebizwa nangokuthi "isithende". Ububanzi be-fretboard yesiginci se-classic buyi-6 cm, ubude buyi-60-70 cm. Ukuze kwenziwe, imisedari noma ezinye izinhlobo zezinkuni ezinesakhiwo esiqinile zisetshenziswa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, intamo inomumo oyindilinga, indawo yokusebenza iyisicaba, imbozwe ngembondela. Intamo iphetha ngekhanda, elinwebeka kancane, lincike emuva. Isiginci se-classical sihluke ku-acoustic guitar ngobude bentamo, ekugcineni sifushane ngo-6-7 cm.

Strings

Ukubekwa kahle kwentambo nobude kubalulekile ukuze kuzwakale umsindo ocacile. Ukuyimisa iphansi kakhulu kuphumela ekugedlezeni, kuyilapho ukuyibeka phezulu kuholela ekuphazamisekeni komculi. Ukuphakama kunqunywa yi-1st kanye ne-12th frets. Ibanga phakathi kwe-fretboard nezintambo kusiginci sakudala kufanele libe kanje:

Ungakwazi ukukala ibanga usebenzisa irula evamile. Izizathu zokushintsha ukuphakama kungase kube nut kakhulu noma high nut, intamo deflection. Ukufaka izinombolo kusetshenziselwa ukuqamba izintambo zesiginci. I-thinnest ingeyo-1, ugqinsi olungaphezulu luyisi-6. Ngokuvamile, zonke ziyinayiloni - lona omunye umehluko phakathi kweziginci zasendulo nezama-acoustic.

Indaba ye

Insimbi yomculo yaqala ukwanda eSpain ngekhulu le-13, yingakho ibizwa nangokuthi isiginci saseSpain. Kuze kube sekhulwini lesi-XNUMX-XNUMX, bekunezinhlobo ezahlukene zamacala anenani elihlukile lezintambo.

Umpetha u-Antonio Torres wenze umnikelo omkhulu ekwandiseni insimbi yomculo enezintambo eziyisithupha. Wazama le divayisi isikhathi eside, washintsha isakhiwo, wazama ukwenza ideskithophu ephezulu ibe mncane ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kuzuzwe umsindo wekhwalithi ephezulu. Ngesandla sakhe esilula, isiginci sathola igama elithi "classical", ukwakheka okujwayelekile nokubukeka.

Imanuwali yokuqala ye-Play, eyethula uhlelo lokufunda ukudlala, yabhalwa umqambi waseSpain u-Gaspar Sanz. Ngekhulu lesi-XNUMX, ipiyano yathatha indawo yesiginci.

E-Russia, kuze kube yikhulu lesi-XNUMX, kwakungekho sithakazelo esikhulu ensimbini enezintambo eziyisithupha. Ukudlala isiginci kudonse ukunaka kwezakhamuzi zezwe lakithi, sibonga umqambi uGiuseppe Sarti. Wahlala eRussia iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amabili, wakhonza enkantolo Catherine II noPaul I.

Umculi wokuqala odumile waseRussia emlandweni kwakunguNikolai Makarov. Indoda yezempi ethathe umhlalaphansi, ngemva kokushiya inkonzo, yaba nesithakazelo ku-guitar futhi yadlala amahora angu-10-12 ngosuku. Ngemva kokuthola impumelelo ephawulekayo, waqala ukwenza amakhonsathi futhi waqhubeka nezifundo zakhe eVienna. UMakarov wahlela umncintiswano wokuqala wesiginci eBrussels ngo-1856.

Ngemva kwenguquko, kwaqala ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni eziningi zensimbi, yafakwa kuhlelo lwezifundo ezikoleni zomculo, kwavela abafundisi abazifundisayo. Isiginci se-classical saba insimbi yama-bards, izingoma zabo "ezintambo eziyisithupha" zadlalwa futhi emagcekeni.

izinhlobonhlobo

Naphezu kwezindinganiso ezithile, kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zeziginci zasendulo:

• i-veneered - amamodeli angabizi afaneleka ukuqala ukuqeqeshwa, enziwe nge-plywood;
• kuhlangene - ama-decks kuphela enziwe ngokhuni oluqinile, amagobolondo ahlala e-veneered;
• ezenziwe ngamapuleti ezinkuni eziqinile - ithuluzi lochwepheshe elinomsindo omuhle.

Noma yiziphi izinhlobo zingabukeka zizinhle, ngakho-ke i-veneered ifaneleka kakhulu kwabaqalayo. Kodwa ngomsebenzi wekhonsathi kungcono ukhethe enye yezinketho ezimbili zokugcina.

Indlela yokukhetha isiginci se-classical

Abaqalayo akufanele banake kuphela ukubukeka kwensimbi, kodwa futhi nobuqili okungeke kube lula ukukuqonda ngaso leso sikhathi:

• Umzimba kufanele ungabi namaphutha, ama-chips, imifantu.
• Intamo egobile noma egobile iwuphawu lokuguquguquka kanye nekhwalithi ephansi, isiginci esinjalo ngeke sikwazi ukusishuna.
• Lapho uzungeza, izindlela zezikhonkwane akufanele zijamule, ziphenduka kahle ngaphandle kwe-crunch.
• Ukuhlelwa okuhambisana ngokuqinile kwama-sills.

Udinga ukukhetha ithuluzi, uma unikezwe usayizi. Imodeli evamile yabantu abadala ingu-4/4. Ubude balesi siginci se-classic bungamasentimitha ayi-100, isisindo singaphezu kuka-3 kg. Ngeke kwenzeke ukuthi ingane encane idlale kuyo, ngakho-ke, amamodeli anconyiwe acatshangelwa ukukhula nobudala athuthukisiwe:

• 1 - izingane ezineminyaka engu-5;
• 3/4 - lolu hlobo lufanele abafundi besikole samabanga aphansi;
• 7/8 - esetshenziswa abafundi besikole esiphakeme kanye nabantu abanezandla ezincane.

Lapho ukhetha, udinga ukunaka i-timbre nomsindo. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuthatha umuntu uhambe naye esitolo ongakwazi ukushuna insimbi futhi adlale umculo kuyo. Umsindo omuhle uyisihluthulelo sokukhetha okulungile.

Ungashuna kanjani isiginci sakudala

Ezitolo ezikhethekile, ukulungiswa kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokuthenga. Ukushuna "isi-Spanish" kwesiginci esinezintambo eziyisi-6 sithi ebgdAD, lapho uhlamvu ngalunye luhambisana nokulandelana kweyunithi yezinhlamvu ukusuka kweyodwa ukuya kweyisithupha.

Umgomo wokushuna ukuletha iyunithi yezinhlamvu ngokushintshana emsindweni ofanele ku-fret yesihlanu. Kufanele zizwakale zihambisana nedlule. Ukuze ushune, vula izikhonkwane, uphakamise ithoni, noma wenze buthaka, wehlise.

Kungcono ukuthi oqalayo afunde kahle ithuluzi ngenkathi ehlezi esihlalweni, efaka isisekelo ngaphansi komlenze wesobunxele. Kuyisiko ukudlala isiginci sakudala ngokulwa noma ukucosha, usebenzisa amachords. Isitayela sihambisana nomsebenzi.

I-"Classic" iyindlela engcono kakhulu yesiqalo. Izintambo zenayiloni kulula ukuzithatha kunezintambo zensimbi ku-acoustic. Kodwa, njenganoma yiliphi elinye ithuluzi, udinga ukwazi ukulinakekela. Umswakama owedlulele noma ukoma komoya kuholela ekomeni ngaphandle komzimba, futhi izintambo kufanele zihlanzwe njalo ngothuli nokungcola. Ukunakekela kahle isiginci sakho kuzosiza ukusigcina siqinile futhi sizwakala sihlanzekile.