Kurt Masur |

Kurt Masur

Kusukela ngo-1958, lapho lo mqhubi evakashele e-USSR okokuqala, uye wadlala nathi cishe njalo ngonyaka - kokubili nama-orchestra ethu kanye ne-console ye-Komische Opera Theatre ngesikhathi sokuvakasha kwe-USSR. Lokhu kukodwa kufakazela ukuqashelwa ukuthi u-Mazur wanqoba ezilalelini zaseSoviet, ezamthanda, njengoba besho, ekuqaleni kokubona, ikakhulukazi njengoba isitayela somqhubi okhangayo nesinhle somculi sihambisana nokubukeka okukhangayo: isibalo eside, esihle. , “pop” ngomqondo ongcono kakhulu wegama elithi ukubukeka. Futhi okubaluleke kakhulu - uMazur usezakhele njengomculi ongajwayelekile futhi ojulile. Ngokungangabazeki, ngemva kohambo lwakhe lokuqala e-USSR, umqambi u-A. Nikolaev wabhala: “Sekuyisikhathi eside kungenzeki ukuzwa iculo eliphelele kangaka le-State Symphony Orchestra yase-USSR, ngaphansi kwenduku yalo mqhubi. .” Futhi eminyakeni eyisishiyagalombili kamuva, kumagazini ofanayo othi "Soviet Music", omunye umbuyekezi waphawula ukuthi "ubuhle bemvelo, ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu, ububele kanye "nokuqiniseka" kokwenza umculo wakhe kumenza athandeke ezinhliziyweni zabo bobabili abaculi be-orchestra nabalaleli.

Wonke umsebenzi wokuqhuba uMazur wakhula ngokushesha okukhulu nangenjabulo. Wayengomunye wabaqhubi bokuqala abakhuliswa e-German Democratic Republic encane. Ngo-1946, uMazur wangena eLeipzig Higher School of Music, lapho afunda khona eqhuba ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukaG. Bongarz. Kakade ngo-1948, wathola umshado endaweni yaseshashalazini edolobheni Halle, lapho esebenze iminyaka emithathu. Umdlalo wakhe wokuqala ngo-1949 kwaba Izithombe zikaMussorgsky Embukisweni. Khona-ke uMazur uqokwa njengomqhubi wokuqala we-Erfurt Theatre; yilapho umsebenzi wakhe wekhonsathi waqala khona. I-repertoire yomqhubi osemusha yayicetshiswa unyaka nonyaka. “The Force of Destiny” kanye “The Marriage of Figaro”, “Mermaid” kanye “Tosca”, ama-symphonies asendulo futhi esebenza ngababhali besikhathi samanje… Noma kunjalo, abagxeki bayamqaphela uMazur njengombhidisi onekusasa elingangabazeki. Futhi ngokushesha wathethelela lesi sibikezelo ngomsebenzi wakhe njengomqhubi oyinhloko we-opera House e-Leipzig, umqhubi we-Dresden Philharmonic, "Umqondisi Jikelele Womculo" eSchwerin futhi, ekugcineni, umqhubi omkhulu weKomische Oper Theatre eBerlin.

Iqiniso lokuthi u-W. Felsenstein wamema uMazur ukuba ajoyine abasebenzi bakhe alichazwanga nje ngokukhula kwedumela lomqhubi, kodwa futhi nomsebenzi wakhe othakazelisayo enkundleni yomculo. Phakathi kwabo kwakukhona ama-premieres aseJalimane e-opera ethi "Hari Janos" ka-Kodai, "i-Romeo no-Julia" ka-G. Zoetermeister, "From the Dead House" ka-Jakaczek, ukuvuselelwa kwe-opera ethi "Radamist" ngu-Handel kanye ne-"Joy and Love". ” nguHaydn, ukukhiqizwa kuka-“Boris Godunov” ka-Mussorgsky kanye ne-“Arabella” ka-R. Strauss. Ku-Komish Oper, uMazur wengeze inani lemisebenzi emisha kulolu hlu oluhlaba umxhwele, okuhlanganisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-Otello ka-Verdi, ejwayele izethameli zaseSoviet. Ubuye wabamba imidlalo yokuqala kanye nezivuselelo eziningi esiteji sekhonsathi; phakathi kwabo imisebenzi emisha yabaqambi baseJalimane - Eisler, Chilensek, Tilman, Kurz, Butting, Herster. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amathuba akhe repertoire manje ebanzi kakhulu: kuphela ezweni lakithi wenza imisebenzi Beethoven, Mozart, Haydn, Schumann, R. Strauss, Respighi, Debussy, Stravinsky nabanye ababhali abaningi.

Kusukela ngo-1957, uMazur uye wavakashela izindawo eziningi ngaphandle kwe-GDR. Wenza ngempumelelo eFinland, eNetherlands, eHungary, eCzechoslovakia nakwamanye amazwe amaningi.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek, ngo-1969