UMaria Veniaminovna Yudina |

UMaria Yudina

U-Maria Yudina ungomunye wezibalo ezimibalabala kakhulu futhi zangempela emkhathini wethu wepiyano. Ekuqalekeni komcabango, ukungajwayelekile kokuhumusha okuningi, okungeyona okujwayelekile kwe-repertoire yakhe kwanezelwa. Cishe yonke imisebenzi yakhe yaba isenzakalo esithakazelisayo, ngokuvamile esiyingqayizivele.

• Umculo wepiyano esitolo se-inthanethi OZON.ru

Futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ekuqaleni komsebenzi womculi (ama-20s) noma kamuva kakhulu, ubuciko bakhe babangela impikiswano eshubile phakathi kwabadlali bopiyano ngokwabo, naphakathi kwabagxeki, naphakathi kwabalaleli. Kodwa emuva ngo-1933, uG. Kogan wakhomba ngokuqiniseka ubuqotho bobuntu bukaYudina bobuciko: “Kokubili ngesitayela nangesilinganiso sethalente lakhe, lo mdlali wopiyano akangeni ohlakeni oluvamile lokudlalwa kwekhonsathi yethu kangangokuthi ugixabeza abaculi. up in the amasiko epigonation romantic. Yingakho izitatimende mayelana nobuciko be-MV Yudina zihluke kakhulu futhi ziphikisana, ububanzi bawo busuka ekumangaleleni "okungaphumeleli okwanele" kuya ekumangaleleni "okuthandana ngokweqile". Zombili lezi zinsolo azilungile. Mayelana namandla nokubaluleka kokubonakaliswa komculo wopiyano, u-MV Yudina uyazi abambalwa kakhulu abalinganayo esiteji sekhonsathi yesimanje. Kunzima ukusho igama lomdlali obuciko bakhe obungabeka emphefumulweni womlaleli isitembu esinamandla, esinamandla, esijahwa njengengxenye yesibili yekhonsathi kaMozart ye-A-dur eyenziwa nguMV Yudina ... "Umuzwa" kaMV Yudina awuveli ekukhaleni. kanye nokububula: ngokucindezeleka okukhulu okungokomoya, kukhishwa emgqeni oqinile, ogxile ezingxenyeni ezinkulu, ugaywe ube yisimo esiphelele. Kwabanye, lobu buciko bungase bubonakale "bungabonakali": ukucaca okungenakuphikiswa komdlalo we-MV Yudina kudlula ngokucijile ekunciphiseni okuningi okulindelekile "okuthokomele" nokujikeleza. Lezi zici zokusebenza kwe-MV Yudina zikwenza kube nokwenzeka ukusondeza ukusebenza kwakhe kwezinye izitayela zesimanje kwezobuciko bokudlala. Isici lapha "i-polyplan" yokucabanga, i-tempos "edlulele" (ehamba kancane - ehamba kancane, esheshayo - esheshayo kunokujwayelekile), "ukufunda" okugqamile nokusha kombhalo, kude kakhulu nokubamba kwezothando, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungqubuzana kakhulu ne-epigone. amasiko. Lezi zici zizwakala zihlukile uma zisetshenziswa kubabhali abahlukene: mhlawumbe zikholisa kakhulu kusi-Bach nesi-Hindemith kune-Schumann ne-Chopin. Ukulingiswa okunokuqonda okugcine amandla ako amashumi eminyaka alandelayo ...

U-Yudina wafika esiteji sekhonsathi ngemva kokuphothula ePetrograd Conservatory ngo-1921 ekilasini lika-LV Nikolaev. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wafunda no-AN Esipova, VN Drozdov kanye ne-FM Blumenfeld. Kuwo wonke umsebenzi ka-Yudina, wayebonakala "ngokuhamba" kobuciko kanye nokujwayela okusheshayo ezincwadini ezintsha zepiyano. Lapha, isimo sakhe sengqondo ngobuciko bomculo njengokuphila, inqubo ethuthukayo eqhubekayo iyathinteka. Ngokungafani neningi labadlali bekhonsathi abaziwayo, intshisekelo ka-Yudin kumanoveli epiyano ayizange imshiye ngisho neminyaka yakhe ewohlokayo. Waba ngumdlali wokuqala eSoviet Union yemisebenzi ka-K. Shimanovsky, I. Stravinsky, S. Prokofiev, P. Hindemith, E. Ksheneck, A. Webern, B. Martin, F. Marten, V. Lutoslavsky, K. I-Serotsky; I-repertoire yakhe yayihlanganisa i-Sonata Yesibili ka-D. Shostakovich kanye ne-Sonata ka-B. Bartok ye-Two Pianos ne-Percussion. U-Yudina wanikezela ngePiano Sonata yakhe Yesibili ku-Yu. I-Shaporin. Intshisekelo yakhe kuyo yonke into entsha yayinganeliseki. Akazange alinde ukuqashelwa ukuthi kufike kulokhu noma loya mbhali. Wazihambela ngokwakhe. Abaningi, abaqambi abaningi baseSoviet abatholakala eYudina hhayi nje ukuqonda, kodwa impendulo esebenzayo yokusebenza. Ohlwini lwakhe lwe-repertoire (ngaphezu kwalabo okukhulunywe ngabo) sithola amagama ka-V. Bogdanov-Berezovsky, M. Gnesin, E. Denisov, I. Dzerzhinsky, O. Evlakhov, N. Karetnikov, L. Knipper, Yu. Kochurov, A. Mosolov, N. Myaskovsky, L. Polovinkin, G. Popov, P. Ryazanov, G. Sviridov, V. Shcherbachev, Mikh. U-Yudin. Njengoba ubona, bobabili abasunguli besiko lethu lomculo kanye nezingcweti zesizukulwane sangemva kwempi bamelwe. Futhi lolu hlu lwabaqambi luzokhula nakakhulu uma sicabangela ukwakhiwa komculo we-chamber-ensemble, u-Yudina azitike ngayo ngesasasa elincane.

Incazelo evamile - "umsakazi wenkulumo-ze womculo wesimanje" - kulungile, izwakala inesizotha kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa nalo mdlali wopiyano. Ngingathanda ukumbiza nge-propaganda yemisebenzi yobuciko yezimiso eziphakeme zokuziphatha nobuhle.

“Bengilokhu ngihlabeke umxhwele ngezinga lezwe lakhe elingokomoya, ingokomoya lakhe elihlala njalo,” kubhala imbongi uL. Ozerov. Nangu eya opiyaneni. Futhi kubonakala kimi, nakuwo wonke umuntu: hhayi kusukela kwezobuciko, kodwa kusukela esixukwini sabantu, kusukela kuye, lesi sixuku, imicabango nemicabango. Uya kupiyano ukuze athi, adlulise, aveze okuthile okubalulekile, okubaluleke kakhulu.

Hhayi okokuzilibazisa okumnandi, abathandi bomculo baya ekhonsathini kaYudina. Kanye nomdwebi, kwakudingeka balandele okuqukethwe kwemisebenzi yakudala ngeso elingachemile, ngisho nalapho kumayelana namasampula aziwayo. Ngakho-ke, ngokuphindaphindiwe uthola okungaziwa ezinkondlweni zikaPushkin, amanoveli kaDostoevsky noma uTolstoy. Isici kulo mqondo ukubonwa kukaYa. I. Zak: “Ubuciko bakhe ngabubona njengenkulumo yomuntu – ebabazekayo, eqinile, engenazwelo. Ukuxoxa nokulingisa, ngezinye izikhathi ... okungezona ngisho izici zombhalo womsebenzi, kwakungokwemvelo emsebenzini ka-Yudina. Ukunambitheka okuqinile, kweqiniso kwakungafaki nhlobo ngisho nesithunzi sokucabanga. Kunalokho, waholela ekujuleni kokuqonda kwefilosofi yomsebenzi, okwanikeza amandla amakhulu kangaka amangalisayo ekusebenzeni kwakhe kukaBach, Mozart, Beethoven, Shostakovich. Izinhlamvu ezimalukeke ezagqama ngokucacile enkulumweni yakhe yomculo enesibindi zazingokwemvelo ngokuphelele, aziphazamisi nhlobo. Waqoka kuphela futhi wagcizelela inhloso yombono nobuciko bomsebenzi. Kwakuyilokho kanye “okumalukeke” okwafuna ukuthi umlaleli asebenzise amandla ongqondongqondo lapho ebona ukuhumusha kukaYudin, ethi, Ukuhlukahluka kwe-Bach's Goldberg, amakhonsathi kaBeethoven nama-sonatas, i-impromptu ka-Schubert, Ukuhlukahluka kuka-Brahms on a Theme by Handel of Russian ... Herations… umculo umakwe ngokujulile , futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke "Izithombe Embukisweni" ngu-Mussorgsky.

Ngobuciko buka-Yudina, nakuba ngezinga elilinganiselwe, amarekhodi ayewadlalile manje enza kube nokwenzeka ukujwayelana. “Amarekhodi, mhlawumbe, angaphezulu kwezemfundo kunomsindo ophilayo,” kubhala uN. Tanaev kwethi Musical Life, “kodwa futhi anikeza isithombe esiphelele sentando yokuqamba yomdlali… . Akuyona inqubo ngokwayo, umsindo we-Yudinsky oyingqayizivele ngobuningi bethoni yayo (lalela okungenani izisekelo zayo - isisekelo esinamandla sesakhiwo sonke somsindo), kodwa ama-pathos okunqoba igobolondo elingaphandle lomsindo, elivula indlela ukujula kwesithombe. Upiyano lukaYudina luhlala luyinto ebonakalayo, izwi ngalinye, umsindo owodwa ugcwele ... U-Yudina ngezinye izikhathi wayehlanjalazwa ngenxa yokuthambekela okuthile. Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, uG. Neuhaus wayekholelwa ukuthi esifisweni sakhe sokuzazi sokuziqinisekisa, ubuntu obuqinile bomdlali wopiyano ngokuvamile bubuyisela ababhali “ngomfanekiso wakhe nangokufana naye.” Nokho, kubonakala (kunoma yikuphi, maqondana nomsebenzi ongasekho womdlali wepiyano) ukuthi asikaze sihlangabezane nobuzwe bobuciko bukaYudina ngomqondo wokuthi “Ngifuna kanjalo”; lokhu akukho lapho, kodwa kukhona “njengoba ngikuqonda” … Lokhu akukona ukuzenzela umathanda, kodwa isimo sakho sengqondo ngobuciko.