I-Digital Music Notation System |
Indlela yokuqopha umbhalo womculo usebenzisa izinombolo (bheka Ukubhalwa komculo).
Amathuba okusebenzisa i-C.s. ngenxa yenani lesakhiwo somsindo sokulinganiswa kwezinombolo, ukuhleleka kwezinto, ukufana phakathi kwezilinganiso zomculo nomsebenzi nezinombolo. Kwezinye izimo, uC. kuvele kuwusizo kakhulu kunezinye izinhlelo zomculo. izimpawu. Ngokuka-C.s. iphimbo, imitha nesigqi kungaboniswa, ngezinye izikhathi ezinye izinhlaka zomculo.
Iningi elibanzi C. nge. esetshenziselwa ukuqoka iphimbo, ngokuyinhloko izikhawu (1 – prima, 2 – second, njll.). U-SI Taneev uhlongoze i-C. s entsha. Izikhawu, lapho izinombolo zikhombisa inani lamasekhondi esikhawulweni (prima - 0, yesibili - 1, yesithathu - 2, njll.); lokhu kwenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukwakha ithiyori enembalo ye-polyphonic. ukuxhumana (bheka iphoyinti eliphikisayo elihambisekayo). Izinombolo zesi-Roman (ngezinye izikhathi futhi zesi-Arabhu) zisetshenziswa ohlelweni lwesinyathelo semfundiso yokuvumelana ukuze uqoke amachords ngokubonisa izinyathelo eziyi-prima yazo (isibonelo, I, V, nVI, III, njll.), okuvumela ukuthi bhala ama-chords kunoma iyiphi i-tonality, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubude obuthile be-prima; Izinombolo zesi-Arabhu (ngezinye izikhathi futhi zesiRoma) ezinyathelweni nasezinhlelweni zokusebenza zikhomba imisindo yechord enikeziwe (ngokwesibonelo,
– iculo lesikhombisa elibusayo elinesihlanu esiphezulu). Ukuqokwa kwezinyathelo ze-octave (yenza, re, njll.) isi-Arabhu. izibalo zithole ukusatshalaliswa okuthile ngesiRashiya. isikole sokuprakthiza ikwaya. ukucula (ngokohlelo lwedijithali lwe-E. Sheve; bheka i-Solmization): izinyathelo ekuculeni okumaphakathi. i-octave (i-octave yokuqala ye-treble ne-alto, encane - ye-bass ne-tenor) - 1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 (ikhefu - 7), ku-octave ephakeme - enechashazi phezulu (
njll.), ku-octave engezansi - enechashaza ngezansi (
njll.); izinyathelo eziphakeme -
, kwehlisiwe -
. Izinombolo zihambisana nemisindo yanoma iyiphi ikhi, isibonelo. ku-F omkhulu:
(Umfanekiso onechashazi elilodwa kwesokudla ulingana nenothi elinguhhafu, elinamachashazi amabili lilingana nohhafu onechashaza, futhi elinamachashazi amathathu inothi eliphelele.)
C. s. esetshenziswa ku-tablature, ama-bass ajwayelekile, umkhuba wokufunda ukudlala kwamanye ama-bunks. izinsimbi (i-domra, i-balalaika, i-harmonica ye-chromatic enemigqa emibili). Lapho ufunda ukudlala izintambo. izinsimbi zisebenzisa uchungechunge lwemigqa ehambisanayo, inombolo ehambisana nenani lezintambo zensimbi; izinombolo zibhalwe kule migqa ehambisana nezinombolo ze-serial zama-frets ebhodini leminwe. Imigqa ibalwa ukusuka phezulu kuye phansi. Ukurekhoda okunjalo kuwuhlobo lwethebhu yedijithali. Kumanothi e-harmonica, izinombolo zivame ukubekwa phansi, okubonisa inombolo ye-ordinal yesihluthulelo esihambisana naleli nothi.
C. s. yonke indawo ukuqoka i-metrorhythmic. izilinganiso - kusukela kuzimpawu zokuya esikhathini zekhulu le-14-15. (ngu-F. de Vitry encwadini ethi “Ars nova” lapho echaza i-modus perfectus u modus imperfectus) kuze kube manje. izimpawu zemethrikhi. Ngokombono, amamethrikhi angakudala X. Riemann Ts. isetshenziselwa ukukhombisa imethrikhi. imisebenzi yewashi:
(lapho, isibonelo, u-4 ewumsebenzi wesiphetho esincane, uhhafu we-cadence; u-8 uwumsebenzi wesiphetho esigcwele; 7 uwumsebenzi wesilinganiso sokukhanya, udonsela ngokujulile kwesilandelayo, esinzima kakhulu). Emculweni we-elekthronikhi, ngosizo lwezinombolo, izinto eziyisisekelo zingarekhodwa. amapharamitha omculo – imvamisa, amandla, ubude besikhathi semisindo. Emsebenzini womculo we-serial, izinombolo zingasetshenziswa, isibonelo, ukuguqula ubudlelwano bephimbo bube obunesigqi (bona i-Seriality), ukuze kuvunyelwe. Diff. C. s. zisetshenziselwa ukubala ezinye izigigaba ezihlobene, isibonelo, ukwenza iminwe.
References: I-Albrecht KK, Umhlahlandlela wokucula kwamakwaya ngokwendlela yedijithali ye-Sheve ngokusetshenziswa kwezingoma zesiRashiya ezingu-70 kanye namakhwaya angu-41 anezingxenye ezintathu, ikakhulukazi ezikoleni zesintu, M., 1867, 1885; I-Taneev SI, i-Mobile counterpoint yokubhala okuqinile, i-Leipzig, (1909), M., 1959; Galin R., Exposition d'une nouvelle méthode pour l'enseignement de la musique, P., 1818, id., ngaphansi kwesihloko: Méthode du Meloplaste, P., 1824; Chevé E., Méthode élémentaire de musique vocale, P., 1844, 1854; eyakhe, uMéthode Galin-Chevé-Paris, Méthode élémentaire d'harmonie, P., 1846; Kohoutek C., Novodobé skladebné teorie zbpadoevropské hudby, Praha, 1962, ngaphansi kwesihloko: Novodobé skladebné smery v hudbe, Praha, 1965 (Ukuhunyushwa kwesiRashiya - Kohoutek Ts., Ubuchule Bokuqamba I-Century 1976, Mth XNUMX) .
Yu. N. Kholopov
