Francesco Paolo Tosti |
Francesco Paolo Tosti
Umqambi wase-Italy u-Francesco Paolo Tosti uyisihloko sothando olunesikhathi eside, mhlawumbe oseluvele lwaphakade lwabaculi nabathandi bomculo. Uhlelo lwekhonsathi yoyedwa wodumo aluvamile ukuphuma Marechiare or Ukusa kwehlukanisa ithunzi nokukhanya, ukusebenza kwe-encore kothando luka-Tosti kuqinisekisa ukubhonga okujabulisayo okuvela ezithamelini, futhi akukho okushiwo ngamadiski. Izingoma zenkosi zaqoshwa yibo bonke abaculi abavelele ngaphandle kokukhetha.
Akunjalo ngokugxekwa komculo. Phakathi kwezimpi ezimbili zomhlaba, "i-gurus" ezimbili ze-musicology yase-Italy, u-Andrea Della Corte kanye no-Guido Pannen, banyathelisa incwadi ethi History of Music, lapho, kusukela kuwo wonke ukukhiqizwa okukhulu kwe-Tosti (eminyakeni yamuva, indlu yokushicilela i-Ricordi ishicilelwe. iqoqo eliphelele lezothando lezwi nopiyano ngamavolumu ayishumi nane (!)) lilondolozwe ngokuqiniseka ekukhohlweni ingoma eyodwa kuphela, esesishiwo yithi Marechiare. Isibonelo samakhosi salandelwa ozakwabo abangadumile kangako: bonke ababhali bomculo we-salon, ababhali bezothando nezingoma babephathwa ngokungagwegwesi, uma bengadelelwa. Bonke babekhohliwe.
Wonke umuntu ngaphandle kukaTostya. Kusuka ezindaweni zokucwala izicukuthwane, izingoma zakhe zathuthela kahle emahholo ekhonsathi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukugxekwa okungathi sína kwakhuluma nangomqambi wase-Abruzzo: ngo-1982, edolobheni lakubo lase-Ortona (isifundazwe saseChieti), iNational Institute of Tosti yasungulwa, efunda ifa lakhe.
UFrancesco Paolo Tosti wazalwa ngo-April 9, 1846. E-Ortona, kwakukhona isonto elidala eCathedral yaseSan Tommaso. Yilapho uTosti aqala khona ukufunda umculo. Ngo-1858, eneminyaka eyishumi ubudala, wathola umfundaze wasebukhosini waseBourbon, owamenza wakwazi ukuqhubeka nemfundo yakhe eConservatory edumile yaseSan Pietro a Majella eNaples. Othisha bakhe ekuqanjweni kwabo babengompetha abavelele besikhathi sabo: uCarlo Conti no-Saverio Mercadante. Isici sempilo ye-conservatory ngaleso sikhathi kwakuyi-"maestrino" - abafundi abaphumelele kwisayensi yomculo, ababephathiswe ukufundisa abancane. UFrancesco Paolo Tosti wayengomunye wabo. Ngo-1866, wathola idiploma njengomdlali wevayolini futhi wabuyela e-Ortona yakubo, lapho athatha indawo yomqondisi womculo wesonto.
Ngo-1870, uTosti wafika eRoma, lapho ukujwayelana kwakhe nomqambi uGiovanni Sgambati kwamvulela iminyango yamasaluni omculo kanye nezicukuthwane. Enhloko-dolobha ye-Italy entsha, ebumbene, uTosti wathola udumo ngokushesha njengombhali wezothando ezinhle ze-salon, ayevame ukucula, ehamba naye ngopiyano, futhi njengomfundisi wokucula. Umndeni wasebukhosini nawo uthobela impumelelo ye-maestro. U-Tosti uba uthisha wokucula enkantolo kuNkosazana Margherita waseSavoy, iNdlovukazi yesikhathi esizayo yase-Italy.
Ngo-1873, ukusebenzisana kwakhe nendlu yokushicilela yaseRicordi kuqala, okuzoshicilela cishe yonke imisebenzi kaTosti; eminyakeni emibili kamuva, uMaestro uvakashela eNgilandi okokuqala, lapho aziwa khona hhayi kuphela ngomculo wakhe, kodwa nangobuciko bukathisha wakhe. Kusukela ngo-1875, uTosti ubelokhu enza lapha minyaka yonke ngamakhonsathi, futhi ngo-1880 ekugcineni wathuthela eLondon. Akaphathiswa lutho olungaphansi kwemfundo yamazwi yamadodakazi amabili eNdlovukazi uVictoria uMary noBeatrix, kanye noDuchess of Tack no-Alben. Ubuye afeze ngempumelelo imisebenzi yomhleli wezinsuku zomculo zasenkantolo: Idayari yendlovukazi iqukethe indumiso enkulu ye-maestro yase-Italy, kokubili kulesi sikhundla nanjengomculi.
Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1880, uTosti akazange awele umngcele weminyaka engamashumi amane, futhi udumo lwakhe alunamingcele ngempela. Zonke ezothando ezishicilelwe ziyimpumelelo esheshayo. "I-Londoner" yase-Abruzzo ayikhohlwa ngezwe lakubo: ivame ukuvakashela eRoma, eMilan, eNaples, naseFrancavilla, idolobhana esifundazweni saseChieti. Indlu yakhe eseFrancavilla ivakashelwa nguGabriele D'Annunzio, Matilde Serao, Eleonora Duse.
ELondon, uba “umvikeli” wabantu bakithi abafuna ukungena endaweni yomculo wesiNgisi: phakathi kwabo kukhona uPietro Mascagni, uRuggiero Leoncavallo, uGiacomo Puccini.
Kusukela ngo-1894, uTosti ube nguprofesa eLondon Royal Academy of Music. Ngo-1908, "Indlu kaRicordi" igubha iminyaka eyikhulu yasungulwa, futhi ukwakheka, okuqeda iminyaka eyikhulu yomsebenzi wendlu yokushicilela yaseMilanese ekhazimulayo enombolweni 112, "Izingoma ze-Amaranta" - zothando ezine zikaTosti ezinkondlweni. by D'Annunzio. Ngawo lowo nyaka, iNkosi u-Edward VII inika uTosti isihloko se-baronet.
Ngo-1912, uMaestro ubuyela ezweni lakubo, iminyaka yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe e-Excelsior Hotel eRoma. UFrancesco Paolo Tosti wafela eRoma ngoDisemba 2, 1916.
Ukukhuluma ngoTostya kuphela njengombhali wezingoma ezingasoze zalibaleka, ezinomlingo ngempela, kanye naphakade zingena enhliziyweni yomlaleli, kusho ukumnika udumo olulodwa kuphela aluzuza ngokufanelekile. Umqambi wayebonakala ngengqondo ehlabayo kanye nokuqaphela okucace bhá ngamakhono akhe. Akazange abhale ama-opera, ezivalele emkhakheni we-chamber art vocal art. Kodwa njengombhali wezingoma nezothando, kwavela ukuthi akasoze amkhohlwa. Bamlethela udumo emhlabeni wonke. Umculo we-Tostya uphawuleka ngokuvela kwezwe elikhanyayo, ukulula okucacile, ukuhlonishwa nobuhle besitayela. Igcina ngokwayo izici ezingavamile zomkhathi wengoma ye-Neapolitan, i-melancholy yayo ejulile. Ngaphezu kobumnandi obungachazeki bomculo, imisebenzi kaTosti ihlukaniswa ngolwazi olungenasici lwamathuba ezwi lomuntu, imvelo, umusa, ukulingana okumangalisayo komculo namagama, kanye nokunambitheka okuhle ekukhethweni kwemibhalo yezinkondlo. Wakha ama-romance amaningi ngokubambisana nezimbongi ezidumile zase-Italy, u-Tosti wabhala izingoma ngemibhalo yesiFulentshi nesiNgisi. Abanye abaqambi, abantu besikhathi sakhe, bahluke kuphela emisebenzini embalwa yokuqala futhi kamuva baziphindaphinda, kuyilapho umculo kaTostya, umbhali wemiqulu eyishumi nane yezothando, uhlala usezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu. Iparele elilodwa lilandela elinye.
