Umlando wamaculo

Melodika - insimbi yomculo yomoya yomndeni we-harmonica. Ithuluzi lihlukaniswe izingxenye ezintathu: i-valve yokungenisa umoya (ukuphefumula), ikhibhodi kanye nendawo yomoya yangaphakathi. Umculi uphephetha umoya ngesiteshi somlomo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokucindezela okhiye kukhibhodi, ama-valve ayavuleka, okuvumela umoya ukuba udlule emihlangeni futhi ulungise ivolumu ne-timbre yomsindo. Ithuluzi, njengomthetho, linobubanzi obungu-2 - 2.5 ama-octave. Ekuhlukaniseni izinsimbi zomculo ezakhiwe isazi somculo waseSoviet u-Alfred Mirek, ingoma yomculo iwuhlobo lwe-harmonica enekhibhodi.

Umlando wethuluzi

Ngo-1892, kwenye yezindaba zomagazini waseRussia odumile i-Niva, kwakukhona isikhangiso se-harmonica yekhibhodi ye-Zimmermann. Lesi sikhangiso sathi umoya “womtshingo we-accordion wesintu” unikezwa ngomlomo ngevalvu, noma ngokucindezela i-pedal yonyawo olukhethekile. Ngaleso sikhathi, insimbi ayizange ithole ukuthandwa okubanzi. Lapho iMpi Yezwe Yokuqala iqala ngo-1914, inkampani yaseJalimane i-JG Zimmerman yaziwa ngokuthi "impahla yesitha". Izitolo eziningana, kuhlanganise namagatsha amakhulu eMoscow naseSt. Petersburg, zacekelwa phansi isixuku sabavukeli. Imidwebo, njengama-harmonicas ngokwawo, yalahleka.

Ngemva kwengxenye yekhulu leminyaka, ngo-1958, inkampani yaseJalimane eyaziwa kakhulu i-Hohner ikhiqiza insimbi yomculo efanayo ebizwa ngokuthi i-melody. Ingoma ye-Hohner ethathwa njengesampula yokuqala egcwele yensimbi entsha.

Ngawo-1960s, umculo womculo womculo wathola ukuduma okubanzi emhlabeni wonke, ikakhulukazi emazweni ase-Asia. Iningi lezinkampani ezinkulu zomculo zangaleso sikhathi zaqala ukukhiqiza uhlobo olusha lwe-harmonica. I-Melodika yakhiqizwa ngaphansi kwamagama ahlukene, okuhlanganisa melody, melodyon, melodihorn, clavier.

Izinhlobo zamaculo

• I-Soprano melody (i-alto melody) iwuhlobo lwensimbi yomculo enethoni ephezulu nomsindo. Ngokuvamile imiculo enjalo yayenzelwe ukudlala ngazo zombili izandla: okhiye abamnyama kwesinye, okhiye abamhlophe kwenye.
• Iculo le-Tenor. Njengoba igama lisho, lolu hlobo lomculo lukhiqiza umsindo omnandi wamathoni aphansi. Umculo we-tenor udlalwa ngezandla ezimbili, isandla sokunxele sibambe i-crank bese esokudla sidlala ikhibhodi.
• I-Bass melody ingolunye uhlobo lwensimbi yomculo enomsindo ophansi. Izinsimbi ezinjalo zazivela ngezikhathi ezithile kuma-orchestra e-symphony ekhulwini elidlule.
• I-Triola iyinsimbi encane, yomculo yezingane, izinhlobonhlobo ze-diatonic ze-melodic harmonica.
• I-Accordion - inesimiso esifanayo sokusebenza, kodwa ihluke ngezinkinobho ezinjenge-accordion, esikhundleni sezikhiye ezijwayelekile.

Imisindo ehlukahlukene ekhiqizwa yileli thuluzi ivumele imiculo ukuthi iqinise izindawo zabo emsebenzini we-solo kanye ne-orchestra. Yasetshenziswa nguPhil Moore Jr. ku-albhamu yango-1968 ethi Right On, uHenry Slaughter engomeni yango-1966 ethi I'll Remember You, nabanye abaningi.