Umlando we-Banjo

I-Banjo - insimbi yomculo enezintambo ezinomzimba osesimweni sesigubhu noma ithamborini nentamo lapho kunwetshwe khona izintambo ezingu-4-9. Ngaphandle, icishe ifane ne-mandolin, kodwa ihluke kakhulu emsindweni: ibhanjo inomsindo ocebile futhi ocijile. Akunzima ukukwazi kahle, ikakhulukazi uma unamakhono ayisisekelo okudlala isiginci.

Kunombono oyiphutha wokuthi i-banjo yaqala ukufundwa ngo-1784 kuThomas Jefferson, umMelika odumile wangalezo zikhathi. Yebo, wakhuluma nge-bonjar yensimbi ethile yomculo, eyayihlanganisa ukhamba olomisiwe, imisipha yemvu yemvu njengezintambo kanye nebhodi le-fret. Eqinisweni, incazelo yokuqala yensimbi yanikezwa ku-1687 nguHans Sloan, udokotela we-naturist waseNgilandi owathi, ehamba e-Jamaica, wayibona ezigqileni zase-Afrika. Abantu base-Afrika baseMelika badale umculo wabo oshisayo ohambisana nesigqi esinyakazayo sezintambo, futhi umsindo we-banjo ungena kahle esigqini esinzima sabadlali abamnyama.

I-banjo yangena kumasiko aseMelika ngeminyaka yawo-1840s ngosizo lombukiso we-minstrel. Umbukiso we-minstrel ubuwumdlalo weshashalazi ohlanganyele abantu abangu-6-12. Amakhonsathi anjalo anemidanso nezigcawu ezihlekisayo kuya kusigqi esivumelanayo se-banjo namavayolini akukwazanga ukushiya umphakathi waseMelika ungenandaba. Ababukeli beza ukuzobona imidwebo ye-satirical kuphela, kodwa futhi nokulalela umsindo we-sonorous "wenkosi yezintambo". Ngokushesha abantu base-Afrika baseMelika balahlekelwa isithakazelo ku-banjo, bafaka isiginci esikhundleni sayo. Lokhu kwakungenxa yokuthi emikhiqizweni yamahlaya babevezwa njengama-loafer nama-ragamuffin, futhi abesifazane abamnyama njengezifebe ezonakele, okuyinto, eqinisweni, eyayingakwazi ukujabulisa abantu abamnyama baseMelika. Ngokushesha, imibukiso ye-minstrel yaba inqwaba yabantu abamhlophe. Umdlali odumile we-banjo omhlophe uJoel Walker Sweeney uthuthukise kakhulu ukuklama kwensimbi - washintsha umzimba wethanga ngomzimba wesigubhu, eshiya izintambo ezingu-5 kuphela, ehlukanisa intamo nge-frets.

Ngawo-1890, kwaqala inkathi yezitayela ezintsha - i-ragtime, i-jazz ne-blues. Izigubhu zizodwa azizange zinikeze izinga elidingekayo lokushaya ngesigqi. okusize ngayo impumelelo ye-tenor banjo enezintambo ezine. Ngokufika kwezinsimbi zomculo ze-elekthronikhi ezinomsindo ozwakala kakhudlwana, isithakazelo ku-banjo saqala ukuncipha. Insimbi isinyamalele ku-jazz, njengoba ithuthele kusitayela esisha somculo wezwe.