Izinhlobo zesigqi emculweni

Isigqi ocezwini lomculo ukushintshana okuqhubekayo kwemisindo nokumiswa kwezikhathi ezihluke kakhulu. Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zamaphethini anesigqi ezingakheka ekunyakazeni okunjalo. Kanjalo nesigqi emculweni sihlukile. Kuleli khasi sizocubungula kuphela ezinye zezibalo ezikhethekile ezinesigqi.

1. Ukunyakaza ngezikhathi ezilinganayo

Ukunyakaza ngokulinganayo, ubude obulinganayo akuvamile emculweni. Futhi ngokuvamile lokhu ukunyakaza kwesishiyagalombili, ishumi nesithupha noma kathathu. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-monotony yesigqi esinjalo ngokuvamile idala umphumela we-hypnotic - umculo ukwenza ukuthi ugxile ngokuphelele esimweni noma esimweni esidluliswa ngumqambi.

Isibonelo No. 1 “Ukulalela uBeethoven.” Isibonelo esimangalisayo esiqinisekisa lokhu okungenhla yi-"Moonlight Sonata" edumile ka-Beethoven. Bheka ingcaphuno yomculo. Ukunyakaza kwayo kokuqala kusekelwe ngokuphelele ekuhambeni okuqhubekayo kwama-triplets ayisishiyagalombili. Lalela lomnyakazo. Umculo umane uyajabulisa futhi, ngempela, ubonakala sengathi uyalulisa. Mhlawumbe yingakho izigidi zabantu emhlabeni zimthanda kangaka?

Esinye isibonelo esivela emculweni womqambi ofanayo yi-Scherzo, ukunyakaza kwesibili kwe-Ninth Symphony ehlonishwayo, lapho, ngemva kwesingeniso esifushane esinamandla, sizwa "imvula" yamanothi ngisho nekota ngesivinini esisheshayo nangesikhathi esiphindwe kathathu. .

Isibonelo No. 2 "I-Bach Preludes". Akukhona emculweni kaBeethoven kuphela lapho kukhona indlela yokunyakaza okunesigqi. Izibonelo ezifanayo zivezwe, ngokwesibonelo, emculweni kaBach, kumandulela akhe amaningi avela ku-Well-Tempered Clavier.

Njengomfanekiso, ake sethule kuwe i-Prelude ku-C enkulu kusukela kuvolumu yokuqala ye-CTC, lapho ukuthuthukiswa kwesigqi kwakhelwe phezu kokushintshaniswa okungajabulisi kwamanothi eshumi nesithupha.

Esinye isimo esifanekisayo i-Prelude in D minor kusukela kuvolumu yokuqala efanayo ye-CTC. Izinhlobo ezimbili zokunyakaza kwe-monorhythmic zihlangene lapha ngesikhathi esisodwa - i-eighths ecacile ku-bass kanye ne-triplets yeshumi nesithupha ngokusho kwemisindo yama-chords emazwini aphezulu.

Isibonelo No. 3 “Umculo Wanamuhla”. Isigqi esinobude obulinganayo sitholakala kubaqambi abaningi be-classical, kodwa abaqambi bomculo "wesimanje" babonise uthando olukhethekile lwalolu hlobo lokunyakaza. Manje sesisho izingoma zamafilimu adumile, inani lezingoma zezingoma. Emculweni wabo, ungezwa into efana nale:

2. Isigqi esinamachashazi

Lihunyushwe lisuka kusiJalimane, igama elithi “iphuzu” lisho “iphuzu”. Isigqi esinamachashazi yisigqi esinechashaza. Njengoba wazi, ichashazi libhekisela ezimpawini ezandisa ubude besikhathi samanothi. Okungukuthi, ichashazi lelula inothi eduze kwalapho emi khona, ncamashi ngesigamu. Ngokuvamile inothi elinamachashazi lilandelwa elinye inothi elifushane. Futhi ngemva nje kwenhlanganisela yenothi elide elinechashazi nelifushane ngemva kwalo, igama lesigqi esinamachashazi lalungiswa.

Ake sakhe incazelo ephelele yomqondo esiwucabangelayo. Ngakho-ke, isigqi esinamachashazi siyisibalo esinesigqi senothi elide elinechashaza (ngesikhathi esiqinile) kanye nenothi elifushane elililandela (ngesikhathi esibuthakathaka). Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengomthetho, isilinganiso semisindo emide nefushane ngu-3 kuya ku-1. Isibonelo: ingxenye enechashazi nekota, ingxenye yesine enechashazi neyesishiyagalombili, eyesishiyagalombili enechashazi neshumi nesithupha, njll.

Kodwa, kufanele kushiwo ukuthi emculweni okwesibili, okungukuthi, inothi elifushane, ngokuvamile kuvame ukujikijela inothi elide elilandelayo. Umsindo ufana nokuthi “ta-Dam, ta-Dam”, uma uvezwa ngama-syllables.

Isibonelo No. 4 “Bach again.” Isigqi esinamachashazi esakhiwe ubude besikhathi esincane - okwesishiyagalombili, kweshumi nesithupha - ngokuvamile sizwakala sibukhali, sishubile, sikhulisa ukuvezwa komculo. Njengesibonelo, sikumema ukuthi ulalele ukuqala kwe-Bach's Prelude ku-G Minor kusukela kuvolumu yesibili ye-CTC, egcwele ngokuphelele isigqi esinamachashazi abukhali, okukhona izinhlobo eziningana.

Isibonelo No. 5 “Umugqa onamachashazi athambile”. Imigqa enamachashazi ayizwakali ibukhali ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kulezo zimo lapho isigqi esinamachashazi sakhiwe ubude obungaphezulu noma obuncane kakhulu, ubukhali baso buyancipha futhi umsindo uphenduka uthambile. Ngakho, isibonelo, ku-Waltz kusukela ku-albhamu yezingane zikaTchaikovsky. Inothi elibhoboziwe liwela ku-syncopation ngemva kokumisa isikhashana, okwenza ukunyakaza konke kube bushelelezi, kweluliwe.

3. Isigqi seLombard

Isigqi se-Lombard siyefana nesigqi esinamachashazi, sibuyela emuva kuphela, okungukuthi, sihlanekezelwe. Emfanekisweni wesigqi se-Lombard, inothi elifushane libekwe ngesikhathi esiqinile, futhi inothi elinamachashazi lisesikhathini esibuthakathaka. Izwakala ibukhali kakhulu uma ihlanganiswa ngezikhathi ezincane (futhi iwuhlobo lokuvumelanisa). Nokho, ukucija kwalesi sibalo esinesigqi akusindi, akumangalisi, akusongeli, njengomugqa wamachashazi. Ngokuvamile, ngokuphambene nalokho, kutholakala emculweni okhanyayo, omnandi. Lapho, lezi zigqi zicwebezela njengezinhlansi.

Isibonelo No. 6 “Isigqi se-Lombard ku-Haydn’s sonata.” Isigqi se-Lombard sitholakala emculweni wabaqambi abavela ezinkathini ezihlukene nasemazweni. Futhi njengesibonelo, sikunikeza ucezu lwe-sonata yepiyano ka-Haydn, lapho uhlobo oluqanjiwe lwesigqi luzwakala khona isikhathi eside.

4. Ubuhlakani

I-Zatakt iyisiqalo somculo kusuka kusigqi esibuthakathaka, olunye uhlobo oluvamile lwesigqi. Ukuze uqonde lokhu, umuntu kufanele akhumbule kuqala ukuthi isikhathi somculo sisekelwe esimisweni sokushintshwa okujwayelekile kwezingqimba zezingxenye eziqinile nezibuthakathaka zemitha. Ukwehla njalo kuyisiqalo sesilinganiso esisha. Kodwa umculo awuqali ngaso sonke isikhathi ngesigqi esinamandla, ngokuvamile, ikakhulukazi engomeni yezingoma, sihlangana nesiqalo ngesigqi esibuthakathaka.

Isibonelo No. 7 “Ingoma Yonyaka Omusha.” Umbhalo wengoma edumile kaNcibijane "Isihlahla sikaKhisimusi sazalelwa ehlathini" siqala ngohlamvu olungacindezelwe "In le", ngokulandelana, uhlamvu olungacindezelwe emculweni kufanele luwele ngesikhathi esibuthakathaka, kanye ne-syllable egcizelelwe "su" – kweqinile. Ngakho-ke kuvela ukuthi ingoma iqala ngisho nangaphambi kokuqala kwesigqi esinamandla, okungukuthi, i-syllable "In le" ihlala ngemuva kwesilinganiso (ngaphambi kokuqala kwesilinganiso sokuqala, ngaphambi kokushaya kokuqala okunamandla).

Isibonelo No. 8 “Iculo Lesizwe”. Esinye isibonelo esivamile iculo lesimanje lesiRashiya elithi "Russia - Amandla Ethu Angcwele" embhalweni futhi liqala ngohlamvu olungagcizelelwe, kanye nomculo - nge-off-beat. Ngendlela, emculweni wengoma, isibalo sesigqi esinamachashazi kakade osijwayele siphindaphindiwe izikhathi eziningi, okungeza ukuhlonishwa emculweni.

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ukuhola akuyona isilinganiso esizimele esigcwele, isikhathi somculo walo sibolekiwe (sithathwe) esilinganisweni sokugcina somsebenzi, okuyinto, ngokufanele, ehlala ingaphelele. Kodwa ndawonye, ​​ngesamba, isigqi sokuqala nesigqi sokugcina zakha isigqi esisodwa esigcwele esivamile.

5. I-syncope

I-syncopation ukushintsha kwengcindezi kusuka kusigqi esinamandla kuya kusigqi esibuthakathaka., ukuvumelanisa ngokuvamile kubangela ukubonakala kwemisindo emide ngemva kwesikhathi esibuthakathaka ngemva kwesikhashana noma ukumisa isikhashana konamandla, futhi kubonwa uphawu olufanayo. Ungafunda kabanzi mayelana ne-syncope esihlokweni esihlukile.

FUNDA NGAMA-SYNCOPES LAPHA

Yebo, kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zamaphethini anesigqi kunalokho esikucabangele lapha. Izinhlobo eziningi zomculo nezitayela zinezazo izici zesigqi. Isibonelo, kusukela kulo mbono, izinhlobo ezifana ne-waltz (imitha ezintathu nokushelela noma izibalo "zokujikeleza" ngesigqi), i-mazurka (imitha ezintathu kanye nokuchotshozwa okuphoqelekile kwesigqi sokuqala), imashi (imitha yokushaya kabili, ukucaca kwe isigqi, inala yemigqa enamachashazi) thola izici ezicacile kulo mbono. njll. Kodwa zonke lezi yizihloko zezingxoxo ezengeziwe ezihlukene, ngakho vakashela isayithi lethu kaningi futhi nakanjani uzofunda izinto eziningi ezintsha neziwusizo mayelana nomhlaba womculo.