Umlando we-accordion

Emndenini omkhulu futhi onobungane wezinsimbi zomculo, ngayinye inomlando wayo, umsindo wayo oyingqayizivele, izici zayo. Mayelana nenye yazo - insimbi enegama elicwengekile nelimnandi - inkositini, futhi kuzoxoxwa ngakho.

I-accordion imunce izici zezinsimbi zomculo ezihlukahlukene. Ngokubukeka, kufana ne-accordion yenkinobho, ekuklanyeni kufana ne-accordion, futhi ngezihluthulelo kanye nekhono lokushintsha irejista, kufana nepiyano. Umlando waleli thuluzi lomculo uyamangalisa, uyahlupha futhi usabangela izingxoxo ezijabulisayo endaweni yobuchwepheshe.

Umlando we-accordion ubuyela eMpumalanga Yasendulo, lapho isimiso sokukhiqizwa komsindo womhlanga sasetshenziswa okokuqala ensimbi yomculo ye-sheng. Izingcweti ezimbili ezinekhono zima emsuka wokudalwa kwe-accordion ngendlela yayo evamile: umenzi wamawashi waseJalimane u-Christian Buschman kanye nomdwebi waseCzech uFrantisek Kirchner. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi babengazani futhi basebenza ngokuphelele ngaphandle komunye nomunye.

UChristian Bushman oneminyaka engu-17, emzamweni wokwenza lula umsebenzi wokulungisa isitho, wasungula ithuluzi elilula - imfoloko yokulungisa esesimweni sebhokisi elincane lapho afaka khona ulimi lwensimbi. Lapho uBushman ephefumula umoya kuleli bhokisi ngomlomo wakhe, ulimi lwaqala ukuzwakala, lukhipha iphimbo lephimbo elithile. Kamuva, uChristian wanezela i-air reservoir (uboya) emklameni, futhi ukuze izilimi zingadlidlizi ngesikhathi esifanayo, wabanika ama-valve. Manje, ukuze uthole ithoni oyifunayo, kwakudingeka uvule i-valve phezu kwepuleti ethile, futhi ushiye konke okunye kuhlanganiswe. Ngakho-ke, ngo-1821, uBushman wasungula i-prototype ye-harmonica, ayibiza ngokuthi "aura".

Cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngawo-1770, umenzi wezitho zaseCzech uFrantisek Kirchner, owayesebenza enkantolo yasebukhosini baseRussia, weza nesimiso esisha semigoqo yomhlanga futhi wasisebenzisa njengesisekelo sokudala i-harmonica yesandla. Yayinokuncane okufanayo nensimbi yesimanje, kodwa isimiso esiyinhloko sokukhiqizwa komsindo we-harmonica sahlala sinjalo - ukudlidliza kwepuleti lensimbi ngaphansi kwethonya lokusakaza komoya, ukucindezela nokunyakazisa.Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, i-harmonica yesandla yagcina ezandleni zomphathi wezitho zaseViennese uCyril Demian. Wasebenza kanzima ukuthuthukisa ithuluzi, walinikeza, ekugcineni, ukubukeka okuhluke ngokuphelele. U-Demian uhlukanise umzimba wensimbi waba izingxenye ezimbili ezilinganayo, wabeka amakhibhodi ezandleni zangakwesokunxele nesokudla kuwo futhi waxhuma ama-halves anezifutho. Ukhiye ngamunye wawuhambisana nechord, eyanquma kusengaphambili igama layo "i-accordion". UCyril Demian wethula ngokusemthethweni igama lombhali wensimbi yakhe ngoMeyi 6, 1829. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-17, uDemian wathola ilungelo lobunikazi lokusungulwa kwakhe futhi kusukela lapho uMeyi 23 uthathwa njengosuku lokuzalwa lwe-accordion. Ngawo lowo nyaka, kwaqala ukukhiqizwa nokuthengiswa kwensimbi yomculo esanda kwenziwa.

Umlando we-accordion waqhubeka ogwini lwe-Adriatic - e-Italy. Lapho, endaweni eseduze kwaseCastelfidardo, indodana yendoda yasepulazini, uPaulo Soprani, yathenga i-accordion kaDemian endelani eyayizulazula. Ngo-1864, eqoqe ababazi bendawo, wavula i-workshop, futhi kamuva imboni, lapho engazange ahlanganyele kuphela ekukhiqizeni amathuluzi, kodwa futhi ekuthuthukiseni kwabo. Ngakho-ke imboni ye-accordion yazalwa. I-accordion yazuza ngokushesha uthando lwamaNtaliyane kuphela, kodwa futhi nezakhamuzi zakwamanye amazwe aseYurophu.

Ekupheleni kwekhulu lama-40, i-accordion, kanye nabafuduki, bawela i-Atlantic futhi bazinza ngokuqinile ezwekazini laseNyakatho Melika, lapho ekuqaleni lalibizwa ngokuthi “upiyano ezintanjeni.” Eminyakeni yama-XNUMXs, ama-accordion okuqala e-elekthronikhi akhiwa e-USA.

Kuze kube manje, i-accordion iyinsimbi yomculo ethandwayo ekwazi ukuzwakalisa noma yimuphi umuzwa womuntu kusukela ekulangazeleleni okungenathemba kuya enjabulweni ejabulisayo. Naphezu kwalokhu, usaqhubeka nokuthuthuka.