Sergey Yakovlevich Lemeshev |

Sergei Lemeshev

E-Bolshoi Theatre, uSergei Yakovlevich wayevame ukudlala esiteji lapho u-Boris Emmanuilovich Khaikin emi ku-console. Nakhu okwashiwo umbhidisi ngozakwabo: “Ngahlangana ngacula nabaculi abaningi abavelele bezizukulwane ezahlukene. Kodwa phakathi kwabo kukhona oyedwa kuphela engimthanda kakhulu - futhi hhayi nje njengomculi engikanye naye, kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke njengomculi okhanyisa ngenjabulo! Lona nguSergei Yakovlevich Lemeshev. Ubuciko bakhe obujulile, ukuhlanganiswa kwezwi okuyigugu kanye nekhono eliphezulu, umphumela wokusebenza kanzima nokuzikhandla - konke lokhu kufaka isitembu sobuhlakani obulula nokushesha, ukungena enhliziyweni yakho, ukuthinta izintambo ezingaphakathi. Nomaphi lapho kukhona iphosta ememezela ikhonsathi kaLemeshev, kwaziwa ngokuqinisekile ukuthi ihholo lizogcwala futhi lifakwe ugesi! Futhi kanjalo iminyaka engamashumi amahlanu. Lapho sicula ndawonye, ​​mina, ngimi endaweni yomqhubi we-conductor, angikwazanga ukuziphika ubumnandi bokucasha ngibheke emabhokisini asemaceleni, engikwazi ukuwabona. Futhi ngabona ukuthi, ngaphansi kwethonya lokuphefumlelwa kobuciko obuphezulu, ubuso babalaleli babugqwayiza kanjani.

USergei Yakovlevich Lemeshev wazalwa ngoJulayi 10, 1902 edolobhaneni laseStaroe Knyazevo, esifundazweni saseTver, emndenini ompofu ompofu.

Umama eyedwa kwadingeka ukuthi adonse izingane ezintathu, kwazise uyise waya edolobheni eyosebenza. Kakade kusukela eneminyaka eyisishiyagalombili noma eyisishiyagalolunye, uSergei wasiza unina ngangokunokwenzeka: wayeqashwe ukuba abhule isinkwa noma aqaphe amahhashi ebusuku. Wayethanda kakhulu ukudoba nokukha amakhowe: “Ngangithanda ukuya ehlathini ngedwa. Kulapha kuphela, ngikanye nezihlahla ze-birch ezinobungane ezithule, lapho ngathola khona isibindi sokucula. Sekuyisikhathi eside izingoma ziwujabulisa umphefumulo wami, kodwa izingane bekungafanele zicule endaweni phambi kwabantu abadala. Ngangicula kakhulu izingoma ezidabukisayo. Ngabanjwa kuwo amazwi athinta inhliziyo akhuluma ngesizungu, uthando olungazenzisi. Futhi nakuba kwakukude nakho konke lokhu kimi, umuzwa omunyu wangibamba, mhlawumbe ngaphansi kwethonya lobuhle obuvezwayo beculo elidabukisayo ... "

Entwasahlobo ka-1914, ngokwesiko ledolobhana, uSergei waya edolobheni kumkhandi wezicathulo, kodwa ngokushesha kwaqala iMpi Yezwe Yokuqala futhi wabuyela edolobhaneni.

Ngemva Okthoba Revolution, isikole yezandla intsha yasemaphandleni yahlelwa edolobhaneni, eholwa unjiniyela womphakathi Nikolai Aleksandrovich Kvashnin. Wayengumfundisi oshisekayo, ethanda imidlalo yaseshashalazini futhi ethanda umculo. Naye, uSergei waqala ukucula, wafunda notation zomculo. Wabe esefunda i-opera aria yokuqala - i-aria kaLensky evela ku-opera kaTchaikovsky ethi Eugene Onegin.

Kwakukhona isenzakalo esiyinhlekelele ekuphileni kukaLemeshev. Isazi somculo esidumile u-EA Troshev:

“Ngosuku olubandayo lwangoZibandlela (1919. – Approx. Aut.), Kwavela umfana wasesigodini eklabhu yabasebenzi eqanjwe ngeThird International. Igqoke ijakhethi emfishane enamatshe, amabhuzu nebhulukwe lephepha, wayebukeka esemncane: empeleni wayeneminyaka eyishumi nesikhombisa kuphela ubudala… Imamatheka ngamahloni, insizwa yacela ukulalelwa:

“Unekhonsathi namuhla,” esho, “ngingathanda ukucula kuyo.

— Yini ongayenza? kubuza inhloko yeqembu.

“Hlabelela,” kwafika impendulo. - Nansi ingoma yami: izingoma zesiRashiya, i-arias kaLensky, uNadir, uLevko.

Ngabo lobo busuku, umculi osanda kuqanjwa wacula ekhonsathini yekilabhu. Umfana ohambe amavesi angu-48 eqhweni ecula ingoma kaLensky ekilabhini wabathakasela ngokusobala abalaleli… ULevko, uNadir, izingoma zesiRashiya ulandele uLensky… Iculo lomculi lonke lase likhathele kakade, kodwa izethameli azizange zimvumele ukuba aphume esiteji. . Ukunqoba bekungalindelekile futhi kuphelele! Ihlombe, ukuhalalisela, ukuxhawulana - konke kuhlanganiswe le nsizwa kwaba umcabango owodwa onesizotha: "Ngizoba umculi!"

Nokho, ngokuncenga umngane wakhe, wangena esikoleni samahhashi ukuze afunde. Kodwa ukulangazelela okungenakuvinjelwa kwezobuciko, ukucula, kwahlala. Ngo-1921, uLemeshev waphumelela izivivinyo zokungena eMoscow Conservatory. Izicelo ezingamakhulu amahlanu zithunyelwe zezikhala zomsebenzi ezingamashumi amabili nanhlanu zephiko lokucula! Kodwa umfana omncane wasesigodini unqoba ikomidi lokukhetha eliqinile ngentshiseko nobuhle bemvelo bezwi lakhe. U-Sergei wangeniswa ekilasini lakhe nguSolwazi Nazariy Grigoryevich Raissky, uthisha wezwi owaziwayo, umngane ka-SI Taneeva.

Ikhono lokucula lalinzima kuLemeshev: “Ngangicabanga ukuthi ukufunda ukucula kwakulula futhi kumnandi, kodwa kwabonakala kuwubuqili kangangokuthi kwakucishe kube nzima ukukwazi. Angikwazanga ukuthola ukuthi ngingacula kanjani ngendlela efanele! Kuphakathi kokuthi ngiphelelwe umoya futhi ngiqinise imisipha yomphimbo wami, ulimi lwami lwaqala ukugxambukela. Nokho ngangiwuthanda umsebenzi wami wesikhathi esizayo wokuba umculi, owawubonakala ungcono kakhulu kimi emhlabeni.

Ngo-1925, Lemeshev iziqu Conservatory - esivivinyweni, wacula ingxenye Vaudemont (kusuka Tchaikovsky opera Iolanta) kanye Lensky.

ULemeshev uyabhala: “Ngemva kwamakilasi e-conservatory, ngamukelwa estudio saseStanislavsky. Ngaphansi kokuqondiswa okuqondile kwenkosi enkulu yesiteji saseRussia, ngaqala ukufunda indima yami yokuqala - uLensky. Akudingeki ukuthi, kulowo mkhathi wokudala ngempela owawuzungeza uKonstantin Sergeevich, noma kunalokho, owadala ngokwakhe, akekho owayengacabanga ukulingisa, ukukopisha ngomshini komfanekiso womunye umuntu. Sigcwele intshiseko yobusha, amazwi okuhlukanisa avela kuStanislavsky, ekhuthazwe ukunaka kwakhe kobungane nokunakekela kwakhe, saqala ukutadisha incwadi kaTchaikovsky ethi clavier nencwadi kaPushkin. Yiqiniso, ngangazi zonke izici zikaPushkin zikaLensky, kanye nayo yonke inoveli, ngenhliziyo futhi, ngokuyiphindaphinda ngokwengqondo, ivuselela njalo emcabangweni wami, emizweni yami, umuzwa wesithombe sombongi osemusha.

Ngemva kokuphothula e-Conservatory, umculi osemusha wenza e-Sverdlovsk, eHarbin, Tbilisi. U-Alexander Stepanovich Pirogov, owake wafika enhloko-dolobha yaseGeorgia, lapho ezwa uLemeshev, wameluleka ngokuqinile ukuthi azame isandla sakhe eBolshoi Theatre futhi, akwenza.

"Entwasahlobo ka-1931, uLemeshev wenza i-debut yakhe e-Bolshoi Theatre," kubhala uML Lvov. - Okokuqala, wakhetha ama-opera "The Snow Maiden" kanye "Lakme". Ngokuphambene nengxenye kaGerald, ingxenye yeBerendey, njengokungathi, idalelwe umculi osemusha, onomsindo ozwakalayo ozwakalayo futhi ngokwemvelo ngerejista ephezulu yamahhala. Iphathi idinga umsindo osobala, izwi elicacile. I-cantilena enamanzi ye-cello ehambisana ne-aria isekela kahle ukuphefumula komculi okubushelelezi nokuqhubekayo, njengokungathi ifinyelela ku-cello ebuhlungu. ULemeshev ucule ngempumelelo uBerendey. I-debut ku-"Snegurochka" isivele inqume indaba yokubhaliswa kwakhe eqenjini. Ukusebenza eLakma akuzange kuguqule umbono omuhle kanye nesinqumo esithathwe abaphathi. "

Ngokushesha igama lomculi omusha we-Bolshoi Theatre laziwa kabanzi. Abalandeli bakaLemeshev bakha ibutho eliphelele, elizinikele ezithombeni zabo. Ukuthandwa komculi kwanda nakakhulu ngemva kokuba edlale indima yomshayeli uPetya Govorkov efilimini ethi Musical History. Ifilimu emangalisayo, futhi-ke, ukubamba iqhaza komculi odumile kwaba nomthelela omkhulu empumelelweni yayo.

U-Lemeshev wayephiwe izwi lobuhle obungavamile kanye ne-timbre eyingqayizivele. Kodwa phezu kwalesi sisekelo kuphela, wayengeke afinyelele eziqongweni eziphawuleka kangaka. Ungowokuqala futhi ungumculi. Umcebo ongokomoya wangaphakathi futhi wamvumela ukuba afinyelele phambili kwezobuciko bezwi. Ngalo mqondo, amazwi akhe ajwayelekile: “Umuntu uzongena esiteji, bese uyacabanga: oh, yeka izwi elimangalisayo! Kodwa lapha wacula izingoma zothando ezimbili noma ezintathu, futhi kuba yisicefe! Kungani? Yebo, ngenxa yokuthi akukho ukukhanya kwangaphakathi kuye, umuntu ngokwakhe akanasithakazelo, akanasiphiwo, kodwa uNkulunkulu kuphela owamnika izwi. Futhi kwenzeka ngenye indlela: izwi lomdwebi libonakala liphansi, kodwa wabe esesho okuthile ngendlela ekhethekile, ngendlela yakhe, futhi uthando olujwayelekile lwavele lwacwebezela, lwacwebezela ngamaphimbo amasha. Umlalela ngenjabulo umculi onjalo, ngoba kukhona afuna ukukusho. Yilokho okubalulekile.”

Futhi kwezobuciko beLemeshev, amakhono ezwi ahlakaniphile nokuqukethwe okujulile kwemvelo yokudala kwahlanganiswa ngenjabulo. Kukhona ayefuna ukukusho kubantu.

Iminyaka engamashumi amabili nanhlanu esiteji seBolshoi Theatre, uLemeshev wacula izingxenye eziningi emisebenzini yama-classics aseRussia naseNtshonalanga Yurophu. Indlela abathandi bomculo ababefisa ngayo ukufika emdlalweni lapho ecula iDuke eRigoletto, u-Alfred eLa Traviata, uRudolf eLa Boheme, uRomeo eRomeo noJuliet, uFaust, uWerther, kanye noBerendey ku-The Snow Maiden, uLevko ku-“May Night ”, u-Vladimir Igorevich kwethi “Prince Igor” kanye no-Almaviva ku-“The Barber of Seville” … Umculi wayehlale eheha izethameli ngezwi elimnandi, elinomphefumulo ngezwi lakhe, ukungena kwemizwelo, ukukhanga.

Kodwa uLemeshev naye unendima ethandwa kakhulu futhi ephumelela kakhulu - lena yiLensky. Wadlala indima ka-Eugene Onegin izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-500. Ngokumangazayo yayihambisana nawo wonke umfanekiso wezinkondlo we-tenor yethu ebabazekayo. Lapha intelezi yakhe yephimbo nesiteji, ubuqotho obusuka enhliziyweni, ukucaca okungenangqondo kwaheha izethameli ngokuphelele.

Umculi wethu odumile ULyudmila Zykina uthi: "Okokuqala, uSergei Yakovlevich wangena ekuqapheleni kwabantu besizukulwane sami ngesithombe esiyingqayizivele sikaLensky esivela ku-opera kaTchaikovsky "Eugene Onegin" ngobuqotho nobumsulwa bakhe. I-Lensky yakhe iyimvelo evulekile futhi eqotho, ehlanganisa izici zomlingiswa kazwelonke waseRussia. Le ndima yaba okuqukethwe kwempilo yakhe yonke yokudala, okuzwakala njenge-apotheosis ebabazekayo esikhumbuzweni sakamuva somculi e-Bolshoi Theatre, okwathi iminyaka eminingi ishayela ihlombe ukunqoba kwakhe.

Ngomculi we-opera omangalisayo, izethameli zazihlangana njalo emahholo ekhonsathi. Izinhlelo zakhe zazihlukahlukene, kodwa ngokuvamile wayephendukela kuma-classics aseRussia, ethola futhi ethola ubuhle obungahloliwe kuwo. Ekhononda ngokulinganiselwa okuthile kwemidlalo yaseshashalazini, umdwebi wagcizelela ukuthi esiteji sekhonsathi wayeyinkosi yakhe ngakho-ke wayengazikhethela ingoma yomculo ngokuthanda kwakhe. “Angikaze ngithathe noma yini engaphezu kwamandla ami. Phela, amakhonsathi angisiza emsebenzini we-opera. Ikhulu lezothando likaTchaikovsky, engangilicula emjikelezweni wamakhonsathi amahlanu, laba isisekelo seRomeo yami - ingxenye enzima kakhulu. Ekugcineni, uLemeshev wacula izingoma zomdabu zaseRussia kaningi. Futhi ukuthi wacula kanjani - ngobuqotho, ngokuthinta inhliziyo, ngezinga lezwe langempela. Inhliziyo yikho ehlukanise umculi kwasekuqaleni ngesikhathi ecula izingoma zesintu.

Ngemva kokuphela komsebenzi wakhe njengomculi, uSergei Yakovlevich ngo-1959-1962 wahola i-Opera Studio eMoscow Conservatory.

Lemeshev wafa ngoJuni 26, 1977.