Chansonnier |

I-Chansonier (I-chansonnier yesiFulentshi, evela ku-chanson - ingoma).

1) IsiFulentshi. izimbongi nababhali bezingoma (ngokuvamile ababhali bezingoma zabo, ngezinye izikhathi umculo wabo; ngokuvamile basebenzisa imiculo ethandwayo). Imvelaphi ye-French Sh. buyela ku-suit of minstrels, troubadours, trouveurs. Selokhu kwaba satire. "I-Mazarinade" (ikhulu le-17) itholakala emsebenzini ka-Sh. umbala, owawukhanya kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuvukela umbuso ka-1830, 1848 kanye ne-Paris Commune ka-1871. Ekuthuthukisweni kwentando yeningi yoguquko. Amasiko French. izinkondlo kanye nobuciko-wa Sh. udlale indima ekhethekile fr. imbongi u-PJ Beranger, owafaka izingoma zakhe umlando wonke. inkathi. 2nd floor 19th century Kwabeka phambili abavukeli baseSwitzerland, phakathi kwabo u-E. Pottier, umbhali wombhalo we-Internationale, kanye no-JB Clement, imbongi nelungu le-Paris Commune. Umlandeli wamasiko abo kwakungumculi-Sh. G. Montegus, izingoma futhi uzocula. i-suit yaziswa kakhulu ngu-VI Lenin (izingoma zikaMontegus zaphinde zezwakala phakathi neminyaka ye-French Resistance). Kusuka ku-con. Ikhulu le-19 Sh. aphinde abizwe ngo-professor abaningi. estr. abahlabeleli. Ukusatshalaliswa okubanzi kwama-cafe-chantans, ama-cabarets ("Sha noir"), bese kuthi amahholo omculo abe nesandla ekuveleni komthala wabaculi abadumile, phakathi kwabo - u-I. Gilbert, umculi oyisihlubuki u-A. Bruant (ukubukeka kwalaba baculi ithwetshulwe kumaphosta yiciko lesiFulentshi u-A. Toulouse-Lautrec). Ngemva kweMpi Yezwe I (1-1914), kwaqala inkathi yokuwohloka kwezombangazwe. izingoma. Amasiko edemokhrasi ka-Sh. kwe 18s. Ikhulu lama-50 lathola ukubonakaliswa emsebenzini wembongi, umqambi nomculi uF. Lemark. Izingoma zika-E. Piaf sezidume umhlaba wonke. Ubuntatheli. ukucija kombhalo, ukunotha kwezinhlobo zezinkondlo, imizwa ihlukanisa izingoma zesimanje. C. – C. Trenet, J. Brassens, J. Brel, J. Beco, M. Chevalier, C. Aznavour, S. Adamo, M. Mathieu. Isimangalo sika-Sh. kwabonakala kusho. ithonya ekuthuthukisweni kwezwe lanamuhla estr. umculo.

2) Igama lamaqoqo abhalwe ngesandla noma aphrintiwe ezingoma ezisetshenziswa e-France dec. ababhali bekhulu le-13-14. kanye namaqoqo e-vaudeville 18-19 eminyaka.

References: Butkovskaya T., ingoma yesiFulentshi eMoscow, "MF", 1973, No 2; U-Erisman Guy, ingoma yesiFulentshi, (M., 1974); Bercy A. de, Ziwis A., A Montmartre… le soir. Cabarets et chansonniers d hier, P., (1951); Brochon P., La chanson populaire noma XIX siècle. I-Sociétés chantantes et goguettes, ku: La chanson française. Byranger et son temps, P., 1956; Ku-arjon L., La chanson d aujourd hui, P., (1959); Rioux L., 20 ans de chansons en France, (P., 1966).

I-Medvedeva