Ukuhlela |

Ukubuyekeza (I-redaction yesiFulentshi, kusukela ku-lat. redactus - beka ngokulandelana) - ukwengeza umculo kumbhalo womculo. imisebenzi yezinguquko nezengezo, ezisiza ukusebenza kwayo. sebenzisa, kanye nombhalo womculo womsebenzi ngokwawo ngezinguquko ezifanayo nezengezo. I-R. ivamise ukwenziwa ngesikhathi kushicilelwa iminyuziyamu. izindatshana. Kusetshenziswe ku-R. izinguquko futhi izengezo ziyawohloka. uhlamvu futhi angaphishekela i-decomp. imigomo; zonke, nokho, njengomthetho, zigcina umculo ngokwawo uphelele, iphimbo kanye nobude bomsindo ngamunye wawo. Okuyisisekelo kakhulu kwalezi zinguquko kuhlotshaniswa nokwethulwa kombhalo womculo womkhiqizo. ngokuhambisana nezindinganiso zesimanje zokubhala. Ngesikhathi esifanayo u-R. angase aphishekele umgomo wokwenza lula ukufunda kokukhiqiza. umculi, ikakhulukazi oqalayo (umfundi) noma umculi ongafundile. Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa i-decoding ye-melismas, ikakhulukazi lezo ezisetshenziswa kancane kwesimanje. umkhuba womculo (okhiqizwe ngokuqondile embhalweni womculo noma emigqeni yomculo eyengeziwe, ngezinye izikhathi kumanothi). Ngokuvamile, umhleli wethula amagama asiza umenzi ukuba asebenzise amasu anengqondo. amasu okudlala indima ethile. Phakathi kwazo kukhona ukuqokwa kweminwe namaphedali ku-R. fp. i-prod., izintambo neminwe ku-prod. yezinsimbi zomculo ezinezintambo ezikhotheme, njll. Evame ukusetshenziswa ku-R. kanye nomphelelisi. ukuqokwa kwama-shades ashukumisayo namanye okusebenza, i-to-rye ichaza yona kanye incazelo yomkhiqizo. umenzi. Lezi zimpawu zokugcina, njengokungathi, zihlanganisa lokho obekunganikezwa umlobi ngokwakhe. Ukuzethula, umhleli ngokuvamile uncike ekuqhathanisweni kukaDisemba. imibhalo yesandla ye-Op. (uma kukhona ezimbalwa), ukufunda ukwethulwa kwezindawo ezihlobene emkhiqizweni ofanayo noma komunye. umbhali onikeziwe. Kodwa-ke, nakulezi zimo, kunezengezo ezinjalo, ukunambitheka komuntu siqu komhleli, isizinda sakhe somculo, ukuba kwakhe esikoleni esithile esidlalayo, njll, kuthinta nakanjani. Ngakho-ke, i-R. ngokwezinga elithile isondela ekulotshweni.

Common futhi okuthiwa. ukwenza i-R., i-to-rye ivame ukwenziwa ngabadlali abakhulu, ngaphezu kwalokho. impahla yokuphrinta ye-notation. ukutolikwa kokukhiqiza nokusetshenziswa kulobu buchwepheshe. amaqhinga. U-R onjalo akabalulekile kangako kwezemfundo nokufundisa. ukuzijwayeza. Njengoba i-conc. kanye nemisebenzi yokufundisa yomdlali ovelele, kanye nemibhalo eqoshiwe okungezakhe, esimweni sokuhlanganisa umculi nomqambi kumuntu oyedwa - kanye nowakhe. op. ngoba insimbi yabo, R. neqhaza ekwakhekeni ethile enze eduze kwalo. izikole. Ukwenza ama-radiographs kwenza kube nokwenzeka, ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo ethile, ukwahlulela ngokunembile ukusebenza kwabaculi abavelele besikhathi esidlule, imisebenzi yabo eyenzeka ngaphambi kokusungulwa kwemishini yokuqopha umsindo.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi akubona bonke abahleli ababhala izengezo. amagama ngendlela yokuthi ahlukaniseke kalula kulawo ombhali (ngemibhalo emincane, kubakaki abayisikwele, njll.). Ezincwadini eziningi, amagama ababhali kanye nabahleli awakwazi ukuhlukaniswa. Ezimweni lapho ukuqokwa kokuhlela kwalolu hlobo kuvela ngokunganaki, okuhlotshaniswa nokuchazwa komsebenzi ngokuziphendulela, umenzi uzithola esesimeni esinzima - ulandela lezi zimpawu njengezombhali, okuholela ekukhiqizeni kabusha incazelo yomhleli futhi ikhawulela ukuziqalela komculi. Kulokhu, kwavela uhlobo olukhethekile lwe-R, olubeka umnyombo walo. umsebenzi wokuhlanza umbhalo wombhali ezindlaleni zokuhlela ezingafanelekile.

Igama elithi "R". kusebenza ezinhlotsheni ezithile zokucubungula ezihambisana nokushintsha kwezidalwa. izinhlangothi zomculo Phakathi kwazo kukhona okuthiwa. i-lightened R., enikeza inguqulo eyenziwe lula yombhalo womculo ngokwawo. I-R. ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa nangokuthi ukucutshungulwa kwe-wok.-instr enkulu. imikhiqizo lapho i-instrumentation ishintsha khona. Izibonelo izinguqulo ze-opera ye-MP Mussorgsky u-Boris Godunov no-Khovanshchina, owenziwe ngu-NA Rimsky-Korsakov, kanye nezinsimbi ezintsha zala ma-opera, u-DD Shostakovich.