Uphondo lwesiNgisi: kuyini, ukwakheka, umsindo, isicelo

Umsindo omnandi, okukhumbuza izingoma zomelusi, uyingxenye yensimbi ye-English horn woodwind, umsuka wayo osahlotshaniswa nezimfihlakalo eziningi. Ku-orchestra ye-symphony, iqhaza lakhe lincane. Kodwa kungenxa yomsindo walesi sisetshenziswa somculo lapho abaqambi bethola khona imibala egqamile, ukuphimisela kwezothando, nokuhlukahluka okuhle.

Luyini uphondo lwesiNgisi

Le nsimbi yomoya iyinguqulo ethuthukisiwe ye-oboe. Uphondo lwesiNgisi lukhumbuza isihlobo salo esidumile esinomunwe ofana ngokuphelele. Umehluko omkhulu usayizi omkhulu nomsindo. Umzimba omude uvumela i-alto oboe ukuthi izwakale ngokuphansi kwesihlanu. Umsindo uthambile, uminyene nge-timbre egcwele.

Ithuluzi le-Transpose. Lapho edlala, ukuphakama kwemisindo yakhe yangempela akufani nophawuliwe. Kubantu abaningi, lesi sici asisho lutho. Kodwa abalaleli abanephimbo eliphelele bangakubona kalula ukubamba iqhaza kwe-alto oboe ku-orchestra ye-symphony. Ukuguqulwa kuyisici esihlukile hhayi kuphela sophondo lwesiNgisi, umtshingo we-alto, i-clarinet, i-musette inesici esifanayo.

Idivayisi

Ithubhu lamathuluzi lenziwe ngokhuni. Ihlukile “esihlotsheni” sayo ngensimbi eyindilinga emise okwepheya. Ukukhishwa komsindo kwenzeka ngokuvunguza umoya ngensimbi ethi “es” ebambe umhlanga. Kunenombolo ethile yemigodi emzimbeni futhi uhlelo lwe-valve lunamathiselwe.

Yakha ingxenye yesihlanu ephansi kunaleyo ye-oboe. Ububanzi bomsindo abubalulekile - kusukela kunothi elithi "mi" le-octave encane kuya kunothi "si-flat" yesibili. Emaphuzwini, umculo we-alto oboe ubhalwe ku-treble clef. Insimbi ibonakala ngokunyakaza okuphansi kobuchwepheshe, okunxeshezelwa yi-cantileverness, ubude, kanye ne-velvety yemisindo.

Umlando we-alto oboe

Uphondo lwesiNgisi lwadalwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu lesi-XNUMX endaweni yasePoland yanamuhla noma eJalimane, phambilini la mazwe ayebizwa ngeSilesia. Imithombo ikhomba izinguqulo ezihlukene zomsuka wayo. Ngokusho komunye, yadalwa yinkosi yaseSilesian Weigel futhi i-alto oboe yenziwa ngendlela ye-arc. Eminye imithombo ithi indalo ingeyomsunguli wezinsimbi waseJalimane u-Eichentopf. Wathatha i-oboe njengesisekelo, ethuthukisa umsindo wayo ngosizo lwensimbi eyindilinga nokwandisa isiteshi. Inkosi yamangala ngomsindo omnandi, opholile owenziwa insimbi. Wanquma ukuthi umculo onjalo wawufaneleka izingelosi futhi wawubiza ngokuthi Engels Horn. Ukuvumelana negama elithi “isiNgisi” kwanikeza leli gama uphondo, elingahlanganise lutho neNgilandi.

Isicelo emculweni

I-alto oboe ingenye yezinsimbi ezimbalwa zokudlulisa eziphathiswe ingxenye eyedwa emisebenzini yomculo. Kodwa akazange alifeze ngokushesha igunya elinjalo. Eminyakeni yokuqala, yayidlalwa kusukela kumaphuzu kwezinye izinsimbi zomculo ezifana nayo. UGluck noHaydn babengabasunguli ekuthuthukiseni i-cor anglais, balandelwa abanye abaqambi bekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalombili. Ngekhulu lesi-XNUMX, waduma kakhulu ngabaqambi be-opera base-Italy.

Emculweni we-symphonic, i-alto oboe isetshenziselwa ukudala imiphumela ekhethekile, izingxenye ze-lyrical, ukwehliswa komfundisi noma i-melancholic, kodwa futhi njengelungu elizimele le-orchestra. Izingoma zophondo zabhalwa nguRachmaninov, uJanacek, uRodrigo.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izincwadi ezizimele kuphela zaleli thuluzi aziningi, futhi akuvamile ukuzwa ukucula kwekhonsathi ngayinye ku-alto oboe, isiphenduke igugu langempela lomculo we-symphonic, ummeleli ofanelekayo womndeni wezinsimbi zomhlanga we-woodwind. , ekwazi ukudlulisa amaphimbo agqamile, ayisici aqanjwe umqambi.