Hydraulics: ithuluzi ukwakheka, isimiso sokusebenza, umlando, ukusetshenziswa

Izimpi zama-gladiator, imidlalo yaseshashalazini, imibuthano yezempi, udwendwe olunesizotha eGreece naseRoma lasendulo ngaso sonke isikhathi kwakuhambisana nemisindo enamandla yama-hydravlos. Emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka, insimbi yomculo ibiwuphawu lwesikhundla nengcebo. Njengoba ilahlekelwe ukubaluleka kwayo, yabangela ukuzalwa komculo we-organ omnandi.

Idizayini nomsebenzi

Umculo wadalwa ngokufutha umoya emzimbeni oyindilinga ocwiliswe emanzini. Uketshezi lwaluvela emithonjeni yemvelo, njengezimpophoma. Umoya wawudonswa ama-windmill amancane. Izinga lamanzi lalilokhu lishintsha njalo, ukugeleza komoya okweqile kwangena epayipini futhi kwasakazwa kumashubhu angawodwana okushuna kwe-diatonic. Ngakho bekusesisetshenziswa sikaHeron. Kodwa uCtesibius, isazi sezibalo sasendulo esingumGreki, waba ngowokuqala ukusungula isitho sasendulo samanzi.

Kamuva, amaRoma engeza isistimu ye-valve kudivayisi. Abaculi bacindezele ukhiye okhethekile ovula isivalo segumbi, sishintsha ubude bekholomu yokusakaza. Idlule kumashubhu angu-7-18 anobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, enziwe ngensimbi nesikhumba. Umsindo unqunywe ngamarejista angu-3-4. Abaculi abaningana bekufanele badlale ama-hydraulics ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ngokuvamile laba kwakuyizigqila eziqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile.

Umlando

Ngesikhathi sasendulo eGreece, i-hydraulics ngokushesha yaba insimbi yomculo eyinhloko eyayizwakala kuzo zonke izenzakalo ezinkulu, futhi yayisetshenziselwa umculo wasekhaya. Isitho samanzi sasibiza, izicukuthwane kuphela ezazingaba ngabanikazi. Kancane kancane, leli thuluzi lasakazeka kulo lonke elaseMedithera, eRoma lombuso umsindo walo wawusetshenziswa phakathi nesifungo lapho kungena ehhovisi lomphakathi.

Ngekhulu lesi-XNUMX, ama-hydraulics "eza" eYurophu. Ngenxa yomsindo wayo onamandla, ibilungele ukuhambisana nokucula kwesonto lamakhwaya. Ngekhulu lesi-XNUMX, ibibonakala cishe kuwo wonke amasonto. Amaqaba awazange adlule isitho samanzi. Babelisebenzisa emikhosini, emibuthanweni, emikhosini yenkolo. Ngakho-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umbono wasakazeka mayelana nesono somculo we-hydraulics.

Kodwa ngalesi sikhathi umklamo wawusuvele uthuthukisiwe ngabaphathi, kwavela isitho sanamuhla. Okuwukuphela kwekhophi esekhona, ebuyiselwe ezithombeni ezitholakala kuma-mosaic asendulo, ingabonwa kwenye yeminyuziyamu eBudapest. Yangonyaka wama-228 ngaphambi kokuzalwa kukaKristu.