Paul Abraham Dukas |

Paul dukas

Ngo-1882-88 wafunda eParis Conservatoire no-J. Matyas (ikilasi lepiyano), u-E. Guiraud (ikilasi lokuqamba), uMklomelo we-2 waseRoma we-cantata "Velleda" (1888). Kakade imisebenzi yakhe yokuqala ye-symphonic - i-overture "Polyeuct" (ngokusekelwe enhlekeleleni kaP. Corneille, 1891), i-symphony (1896) yayifakwe ku-repertoire yama-orchestra aseFrance ahamba phambili. Udumo lomhlaba lwalethwa kumqambi we-symphonic scherzo Umfundi Womthakathi (okusekelwe ku-ballad ka-JB Goethe, 1897), i-orchestration ehlakaniphile eyaziswa kakhulu ngu-HA Rimsky-Korsakov. Imisebenzi yama-90s, kanye ne-"Sonata" (1900) kanye ne-"Variations, Interlude and Finale" esihlokweni sikaRameau (1903) wepiyano, ngokwezinga elikhulu ifakazela ithonya lomsebenzi kaP. Wagner, C. Frank.

Ingqopha-mlando entsha yesitayela sokuqamba sika-Duke i-opera ethi “Ariana and the Bluebeard” (esekelwe emdlalweni wenganekwane ka-M. Maeterlinck, 1907), eduze nesitayela se-impressionist, ephinde ihlukaniseke isifiso sokuhlanganisa ifilosofi. Ukuthola okucebile kombala kwalesi sibalo kwathuthukiswa ngokwengeziwe enkondlweni ye-choreographic ethi "Peri" (esekelwe kunganekwane yasendulo yase-Iranian, 1912, enikezelwe kumdlali wokuqala wendima eyinhloko - i-ballerina N. Trukhanova), eyakha ikhasi elikhanyayo umsebenzi womqambi.

Imisebenzi yama-20s ibonakala ngobunkimbinkimbi obukhulu bezengqondo, ukucolisiswa kokuvumelana, kanye nesifiso sokuvuselela amasiko omculo wakudala wesiFulentshi. Umqondo obucayi ophakeme kakhulu uphoqe umqambi ukuthi acekele phansi izingoma eziningi ezicishe ziqedwe (i-Sonata yevayolini nopiyano, njll.).

Ifa likaDuke elibaluleke kakhulu (ngaphezu kwama-athikili angama-330). Ufake isandla komagazini i- Revue hebdomadaire ne- Chronique des Arts (1892-1905), iphephandaba i-Le Quotidien (1923-24) namanye amamagazini. UDuka wayenolwazi oluningi emkhakheni womculo, umlando, izincwadi, ifilosofi. Ama-athikili akhe ahlukaniswa ukuthambekela kobuntu, ukuqonda kwangempela kwesiko kanye nokusha. Omunye wabokuqala eFrance, wawazisa umsebenzi weLungu lePhalamende uMussorgsky.

UDuke wenza imisebenzi eminingi yokufundisa. Kusukela ngo-1909 uprofesa eParis Conservatory (kuze kube ngu-1912 - ikilasi le-orchestra, kusukela ngo-1913 - isigaba sokuqamba). Ngesikhathi esifanayo (kusukela ngo-1926) wahola umnyango wokwakhiwa kwe-Ecole Normal. Phakathi kwabafundi bakhe kukhona u-O. Messiaen, L. Pipkov, Yu. G. Krein, Xi Xing-hai nabanye.

Ukwakhiwa:

i-opera - i-Ariane kanye ne-Bluebeard (u-Ariane et Barbe-Bleue, 1907, tp "Opera Comic", Paris; 1935, tp "Grand Opera", Paris); i-ballet - inkondlo ye-choreographic kaPeri (1912, tp "Chatelet", eParis; no-A. Pavlova - 1921, tp "Grand Opera", Paris); kwe-orc. – i-symphony C-dur (1898, Spanish 1897), scherzo Umfundi Womthakathi (L'Apprenti sorcier, 1897); Okwe-fp. - sonata es-moll (1900), Ukuhlukahluka, ukungenela kanye nesiphetho ngendikimba kaRameau (1903), isandulela se-Elegiac (Prelude legiaque sur le nom de Haydn, 1909), inkondlo ethi La plainte au Ioin du faune, 1920) nokunye. ; I-Villanella yophondo nopiyano. (1906); vocalise (Alla gitana, 1909), Sonnet kaPonsard (yezwi nopiyano, 1924; ngokugubha iminyaka engama-400 yokuzalwa kuka-P. de Ronsard), njll.; entsha ed. ama-opera ka-JF Rameau (“Gallant India”, “Princess of Navarre”, “Imigubho kaPamira”, “Nelei and Myrtis”, “Zephyr”, njll.); ukuqedwa kanye ne-orchestration (kanye no-C. Saint-Saens) ye-opera Fredegonde ka-E. Guiraud (1895, Grand Opera, Paris).

Izincwadi: Wagner et la France, P., 1923; Les ecrits de P. Dukas sur la musique, P., 1948; Izindatshana nokubuyekezwa kwabaqambi baseFrance. Ekupheleni kwe-XIX - ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-XX. Comp., translation, intro. isihloko kanye nokuphawula. A. Bushen, L., 1972. Izincwadi: Incwadi kaPaul Dukas. Choix de lettres etabli par G. Favre, P., 1971.