Okuthile mayelana nokudlala i-violin yabaqalayo: umlando, ukwakheka kwensimbi, izimiso zokudlala

Okokuqala, imicabango embalwa ngomlando wensimbi yomculo ngokwayo. I-violin ngendlela eyaziwa ngayo namuhla yavela ngekhulu le-16. Isihlobo esiseduze kakhulu sevayolini yesimanje sithathwa njengevayoli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-violin ayizuzanga njengefa nje kuphela ukufana kwayo kwangaphandle, kodwa futhi namanye amasu okudlala.

Isikole esidume kakhulu sabenzi beviolin yisikole senkosi yase-Italy uStradivari. Imfihlo yomsindo omangalisayo wamaviolin akhe ayikadalulwa. Kukholelwa ukuthi isizathu yi-varnish yokulungiselela kwakhe siqu.

Ama-violinist adume kakhulu nawo angamaNtaliyane. Kungenzeka ukuthi usuwazi amagama abo - uCorelli, Tartini, Vivaldi, Paganini, njll.

Ezinye izici zesakhiwo se-violin

Ivayolini inezintambo ezi-4: G-re-la-mi

Ivayolini ivamise ukwenziwa opopayi ngokuqhathanisa umsindo wayo nokucula komuntu. Ngaphezu kwalokhu kuqhathaniswa kwezinkondlo, ukubonakala kwangaphandle kwensimbi kufana nomuntu wesifazane, futhi amagama ezingxenye ezithile ze-violin enanela amagama omzimba womuntu. Ivayolini inekhanda okuxhunywe kulo izikhonkwane, intamo enomunwe we-ebony nomzimba.

Umzimba uqukethe ama-decks amabili (zenziwe ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinkuni - phezulu senziwa nge-maple, kanti ephansi yenziwe ngephayini), exhunywe komunye nomunye ngegobolondo. Emphemeni ongaphezulu kunezikhala ezicatshangelwayo ezisesimweni sohlamvu - izimbobo, futhi ngaphakathi phakathi kwamabhodi omsindo kukhona umnsalo - wonke lawa ama-resonators omsindo.

Izimbobo ze-violin - ukusika okumise okwe-f

Izintambo, futhi i-violin inazo ezine (G, D, A, E), zinamathiselwe kumsila obanjwe inkinobho eneluphu, futhi ziyaqina kusetshenziswa izikhonkwane. Ukushuna kwevayolini kungokwesihlanu – insimbi ishunwa kusukela kuyunithi yezinhlamvu “A”. Nansi ibhonasi -Zakhiwe ngani izintambo?

Umnsalo wumoba onezinwele zehhashi ezelulelwe phezu kwawo (namuhla izinwele zokwenziwa nazo zisetshenziswa ngenkuthalo). Ngokuyinhloko umoba wenziwe ngokhuni futhi unomumo ogobile. Kukhona i-block kuwo, ebangela ukungezwani kwezinwele. Umdlali wevayolini unquma izinga lokushuba kuye ngesimo. Umnsalo ugcinwa ecaleni kuphela ngezinwele eziphansi.

Idlalwa kanjani ivayolini?

Ngaphezu kwensimbi ngokwayo kanye nomnsalo, i-violinist idinga i-chinrest nebhuloho. I-chinrest ixhunywe phezulu kwebhodi lomsindo futhi, njengoba negama layo lisho, isilevu sibekwe kuso, futhi ibhuloho lifakwe engxenyeni engezansi yebhodi lomsindo ukuze kube lula ukubamba i-violin ehlombe. Konke lokhu kulungiswa ukuze umculi akhululeke.

Zombili izandla zisetshenziselwa ukudlala ivayolini. Zixhumene kakhulu - ngesandla esisodwa awukwazi ukudlala ngisho nomculo olula kuyivayolini. Isandla ngasinye senza umsebenzi waso - isandla sobunxele, esiphethe i-violin, sinesibopho somsindo wemisindo, isandla sokunene esinomnsalo sinesibopho sokukhiqiza umsindo wabo.

Esandleni sobunxele, iminwe emine ibandakanyeka emdlalweni, ehamba ngomunwe ukusuka endaweni ukuya endaweni. Iminwe ibekwe entanjeni ngendlela eyindilinga, phakathi kwephedi. Ivayolini iyinsimbi engenalo lizwi eligxilile - awekho ama-frets kuyo, njengakwigitala, noma okhiye, njengakwipiyano, oyicindezelayo futhi uthole umsindo wephimbo elithile. Ngakho-ke, ukuphakama kwevayolini kunqunywa indlebe, futhi ukuguqulwa ukusuka endaweni kuya endaweni kuyathuthukiswa ngamahora amaningi okuqeqeshwa.

Isandla sokunene sinesibopho sokuhambisa umnsalo eduze kwezintambo - ubuhle bomsindo buncike ekutheni umnsalo ubanjwe kanjani. Ukuhambisa kancane umnsalo phansi naphezulu kuwukushaywa okunemininingwane. Ivayolini ingabuye idlalwe ngaphandle komnsalo - ngokukha (le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi i-pizzicato).

Lena yindlela oyibamba ngayo ivayolini uma udlala

Ikharikhulamu ye-violin esikoleni somculo ithatha iminyaka eyisikhombisa, kodwa uma sikhuluma iqiniso, uma uqala ukudlala ivayolini, uyaqhubeka ukuyifunda impilo yakho yonke. Nabaculi asebemnkantshubomvu abanqeni ukukuvuma lokhu.

Nokho, lokhu akusho ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukufunda ukudlala i-violin. Iqiniso liwukuthi isikhathi eside futhi namanje kwamanye amasiko i-violin yayiyinsimbi futhi isalokhu iyinsimbi yabantu. Njengoba wazi, amathuluzi esintu aduma ngenxa yokufinyeleleka kwawo. Futhi manje - umculo omnandi!

F. Kreisler Waltz “Usizi Lothando”

Iqiniso elihehayo. U-Mozart wafunda ukudlala i-violin eneminyaka engu-4. Ngokwakhe, ngendlebe. Akekho owamkholwa kwaze kwaba yilapho ingane ikhombisa amakhono ayo futhi yashaqisa abantu abadala! Ngakho-ke, uma ingane eneminyaka engu-4 ubudala ikwazi ukudlala leli thuluzi lomlingo, khona-ke uNkulunkulu ngokwakhe wayala, bafundi abathandekayo, ukuba nithathe umnsalo!