Timofei Alexandrovich Dokschitzer |

Timofei Dokschitzer

Phakathi kwabaculi abadumile besiko laseRussia, igama lomculi omangalisayo, umculi wecilongo uTimofey Dokshitser uyaziqhenya ngendawo. NgoZibandlela (December) wonyaka odlule, wayezohlanganisa iminyaka engu-85 ubudala, futhi amakhonsathi amaningana anikezelwa kulolu suku, kanye nokudlala (i-ballet The Nutcracker) eBolshoi Theatre, lapho uDokshitser asebenza khona kusukela ngo-1945 kuya ku-1983. Abaculi baseRussia abake badlala noDokshitzer ku-orchestra yaseBolshoi - umculi we-cellist u-Yuri Loevsky, umculi we-violist u-Igor Boguslavsky, i-trombonist u-Anatoly Skobelev, umlingani wakhe ohlala njalo, umshayi wepiyano uSergei Solodovnik - wadlala esiteji saseMoscow Gnessin College ngokuhlonishwa komculi omkhulu.

Lokhu kusihlwa bekukhunjulwa ngokujwayelekile ngesimo salo samaholide - phela, bakhumbula umculi, ogama lakhe ngokwezinga elithile laba uphawu lomculo waseRussia kanye no-D. Oistrakh, S. Richter. Phela, akubanga yize umbhidisi odumile waseJalimane uKurt Masur, owacula ngokuphindaphindiwe noDokshitzer, ethi “njengomculi, ngibeke uDokshitzer ezingeni elilinganayo nabashayi bevayolini abakhulu emhlabeni.” Futhi u-Aram Khachaturian wabiza uDokshitser ngokuthi "imbongi yombhobho." Umsindo wensimbi yakhe wawumnandi, wayengaphansi kwe-nuances ecashile kakhulu, i-cantilena, eqhathaniswa nokucula komuntu. Noma ubani owake wezwa umdlalo kaTimofey Aleksandrovich waba umlandeli ongenamibandela wecilongo. Lokhu, ikakhulukazi, kwaxoxwa yiSekela likaMqondisi weGnessin College I. Pisarevskaya, ukwabelana ngemibono yakhe yomuntu siqu yomhlangano nobuciko bukaT. Dokshitser.

Kubonakala sengathi izilinganiso eziphezulu kangaka zomsebenzi womdwebi zibonisa ukujula okumangalisayo nezici ezihlukahlukene zethalente lakhe. Isibonelo, u-T. Dokshitser waphumelela ngempumelelo emnyangweni ophethe ngaphansi kwe-L. Ginzburg futhi ngesinye isikhathi wahola imidlalo eGatsheni Le-Bolshoi Theatre.

Kubalulekile futhi ukuqaphela iqiniso lokuthi ngomsebenzi wakhe wekhonsathi uTimofey Alexandrovich waba nesandla ekubukeni okusha kokusebenza kwezinsimbi zomoya, okwathi, ngenxa yakhe, kwaqala ukubhekwa njengama-soloists aphelele. U-Dokshitser wayengumsunguli wokwakhiwa kwe-Russian Guild of Trumpeters, eyahlanganisa abaculi futhi yaba nesandla ekushintshanisweni kokuhlangenwe nakho kwezobuciko. Ubuye wanaka kakhulu ekwandiseni nasekuthuthukiseni ikhwalithi yecilongo: waziqamba ngokwakhe, wathuma imisebenzi yabaqambi besikhathi samanje, futhi eminyakeni yamuva nje wahlanganisa i-anthology yomculo eyingqayizivele, lapho eziningi zalezi zingoma zanyatheliswa (ngendlela, hhayi nje kuphela. okwecilongo).

U-T.Dokshitser, owafunda i-polyphony e-conservatory noProfesa S.Evseev, umfundi we-S.Taneyev, wayehlanganyele ekuculweni kwezinsimbi nomqambi u-N.Rakov, futhi yena ngokwakhe wenza amalungiselelo ahlakaniphile amasampula amahle kakhulu we-classics. Ikhonsathi yesikhumbuzo yayinombhalo wakhe wengoma kaGershwin ethi Rhapsody in the Blues, eyenziwa umculi oyedwa we-Bolshoi Theatre yaseRussia, umshayi wecilongo u-Yevgeny Guryev kanye ne-orchestra ye-symphony yasekolishi eyayiqhutshwa uViktor Lutsenko. Futhi emidlalweni "yomqhele" - kumidanso "yeSpanishi" kanye ne "Neapolitan" evela ku- "Swan Lake", u-Timofey Alexandrovich ayidlala ngokulinganayo, - kusihlwa u-A. Shirokov, umfundi ka-Vladimir Dokshitser, umfowabo, wayengumculi oyedwa. .

I-Pedagogy yathatha indawo ebaluleke ngokulinganayo ekuphileni kukaTimofey Dokshitser: wafundisa eGnessin Institute iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30 futhi wakhulisa umthala wamacilongo amahle kakhulu. Ngemva kokuthuthela e-Lithuania ekuqaleni kwawo-1990, u-T. Dokshitser waya e-Vilnius Conservatory. Njengoba kuphawulwe abaculi ababemazi, indlela yokufundisa kaDokshitser yayihlanganisa ngokuyinhloko izimiso zothisha bakhe, I. Vasilevsky kanye noM. Tabakov, egxile ngokuyinhloko ekuthuthukiseni izimfanelo zomculo zomfundi, ekusebenzeni isiko lomsindo. Ngawo-1990, u-T. Dokshitser, egcina izinga lobuciko, wahlela imiqhudelwano yabashaya amacilongo. Futhi omunye wabanqobi bayo, u-Vladislav Lavrik (icilongo lokuqala le-Russian National Orchestra), wadlala kule khonsathi ekhumbulekayo.

Cishe sekudlule iminyaka emibili kusukela kwashona umculi omkhulu, kodwa ama-disc akhe (isikhwama segolide sama-classics ethu!), Ahlala ezincwadini zakhe nezincwadi, ezibonisa isithombe somculi onethalente elihlakaniphile nesiko eliphakeme kakhulu.

Evgenia Mishina, 2007