Babizwa ngokuthini okhiye bepiyano?

Kulesi sihloko sizojwayelana nekhibhodi yepiyano nezinye izinsimbi zomculo zekhibhodi. Uzofunda mayelana namagama okhiye bepiyano, ukuthi iyini i-octave, nokuthi udlalwa kanjani inothi elicijile noma eliyisicaba.

Njengoba wazi, inombolo yezihluthulelo zepiyano zingama-88 (ezimhlophe ezingama-52 nezimnyama ezingama-36), futhi zihlelwe ngokulandelana okuthile. Okokuqala, lokho okushiwo kusebenza okhiye abamnyama: bahlelwe ngokuvumelana nesimiso esishintshayo - ezimbili, ezintathu, ezimbili, ezintathu, ezimbili, ezintathu, njll. Kungani lokhu kunjalo? - ukuze kube lula komdlalo kanye nokwenza lula ukuzulazula (ukuqondisa). Lesi yisimiso sokuqala. Isimiso sesibili siwukuthi lapho uhamba ngaphesheya kwekhibhodi ukusuka kwesobunxele kuya kwesokudla, ukuphakama komsindo kuyanda, okungukuthi, imisindo ephansi iyingxenye yesobunxele yekhibhodi, imisindo ephezulu iyingxenye efanele. Uma sithinta okhiye belandelana, sibonakala sikhuphuka izitebhisi ukusuka kuma-sonorities aphansi ukuya kurejista ekhuphukayo.

Okhiye abamhlophe bepiyano babizwa nangokuthi amanothi ayinhloko ayi-7 -. Le “sethi” yokhiye iphindaphindwa kuyo yonke ikhibhodi izikhathi ezimbalwa, ukuphindaphinda ngakunye kubizwa octave. Ngamanye amazwi, octave – leli ibanga ukusuka kwelinye inothi “” ukuya kwelinye (ungahambisa i-octave kokubili phezulu naphansi). Bonke abanye okhiye () phakathi kwalaba ababili bafakiwe kule octave futhi bafakwe ngaphakathi kuyo.

Likuphi inothi?

Usubonile ukuthi akukho inothi elilodwa kuphela kukhibhodi. Khumbula ukuthi okhiye abamnyama bahlelwe ngamaqembu amabili nantathu? Ngakho-ke, noma iyiphi inothi iseduze neqembu lezinkinobho ezimbili ezimnyama, futhi itholakala kwesokunxele sabo (okungukuthi, njengokungathi phambi kwabo).

Awu, bala ukuthi mangaki amanothi akukhibhodi yensimbi yakho? Uma usepiyano, sekukhona eziyisishiyagalombili, uma use-synthesizer, kuzoba mbalwa. Wonke angama-octave ahlukene, sizokuthola lokho manje. Kodwa okokuqala, bheka - manje usuyazi ukuthi uwadlala kanjani wonke amanye amanothi:

Ungakwazi ukuza nemihlahlandlela ekulungele wena. Nokho, isibonelo, kanje: inothi kwesokunxele okhiye abathathu abamnyama, noma inothi phakathi kwezinkinobho ezimbili ezimnyama, njll. Futhi sizodlulela kuma-octaves. Manje ake sizibale. I-octave egcwele kufanele iqukathe yonke imisindo eyisikhombisa eyisisekelo. Kunama-octave anjalo ayisikhombisa ophiyano. Emaphethelweni ekhibhodi asinawo amanothi anele “kusethi”: ngezansi kukhona kuphela futhi, futhi phezulu kunenothi elilodwa kuphela – . Lawa ma-octave, nokho, azoba namagama awo, ngakho-ke sizobheka lezi zingcezu njengama-octave ahlukene. Sekukonke, sithole ama-octave angu-7 agcwele nama-octave angu-2 “ababayo”.

Amagama we-Octave

Manje mayelana nokuthi ama-octaves abizwa ngani. Babizwa kalula nje. Phakathi nendawo (imvamisa okuphambene ngqo negama ophiyano) kukhona i-octave yokuqala, iyoba phezulu kunaye eyesibili, eyesithathu, yesine, neyesihlanu (inothi elilodwa kulo, khumbula, akunjalo?). Manje kusukela ku-octave yokuqala sihamba phansi: kwesokunxele sokuqala i-octave encane, eminye Top omkhulu, i-counter octave и i-subcontra octave (kulapho okhiye abamhlophe kanye ).

Ake sibheke futhi futhi sikhumbule:

Ngakho-ke, ama-octave ethu aphinda isethi efanayo yemisindo, ezindaweni eziphakeme ezihlukene kuphela. Ngokwemvelo, konke lokhu kubonakala ekuphawuleni komculo. Isibonelo, qhathanisa ukuthi amanothi e-octave yokuqala abhalwa kanjani nokuthi amanothi ku-bass clef ye-octave encane abhalwa kanjani:

Mhlawumbe, umbuzo usuphelelwe yisikhathi: kungani izikhiye ezimnyama zidingeka nhlobo, hhayi nje ukuhamba? Kunjalo. Okhiye abamnyama nabo bayadlalwa, futhi abacindezelwa kaningi kunabamhlophe. Ngakho-ke yini isivumelwano? Into yile: ngaphezu kwezinyathelo zenothi (lezi yizo esisanda kuzidlala okhiye abamhlophe), kukhona futhi eyodwa - zitholakala ikakhulukazi kumakhi amnyama. Okhiye bepiyano abamnyama babizwa ngokufana ncamashi nabamhlophe, igama elilodwa kuphela kwamabili elengezwa egameni - noma (isibonelo, noma). Manje ake sithole ukuthi kuyini nokuthi kuyini.

Ungawadlala kanjani ama-sharps namaflethi?

Ake sicabangele zonke izihluthulelo ezifakwe kunoma iyiphi i-octave: uma ubala omnyama nomhlophe ndawonye, ​​​​kuvela ukuthi kukhona abangu-12 sebebonke (7 white + 5 black). Kuvela ukuthi i-octave ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye ezingu-12 (izinyathelo ezingu-12 ezilinganayo), futhi ukhiye ngamunye kuleli cala uyingxenye eyodwa (isinyathelo esisodwa). Lapha, ibanga ukusuka kokhiye owodwa kuya komakhelwane abaseduze isemitone (akunandaba ukuthi i-semitone ibekwe kuphi: phezulu noma phansi, phakathi kokhiye ababili abamhlophe noma phakathi kokhiye omnyama nomhlophe). Ngakho-ke, i-octave iqukethe ama-semitone angu-12.

Ishumi - lokhu ukwanda kwesinyathelo esiyinhloko nge-semitone, okungukuthi, uma sidinga ukudlala, sithi, inothi, bese sicindezela hhayi ukhiye, kodwa inothi eliyi-semitone ephakeme. – ukhiye omnyama oseduze (ngakwesokudla kokhiye).

flat inomphumela ophambene. flat - Lokhu ukwehlisa isinyathelo esiyinhloko nge-semitone. Uma sidinga ukudlala, isibonelo, asidlali "" emhlophe, kodwa cindezela ukhiye omnyama oseduze, ongaphansi kwalesi (ngakwesokunxele sokhiye).

Manje kuyacaca ukuthi ukhiye ngamunye omnyama ubukhali noma uyisicaba samanothi "amhlophe" angomakhelwane. Kodwa okubukhali noma okuyisicaba akuhlali kukhiye omnyama. Isibonelo, phakathi kwezihluthulelo ezimhlophe ezifana noma ezimnyama. Bese kanjani ukudlala?

Kulula kakhulu – yonke into ilandela umthetho ofanayo: Ake nginikhumbuze ukuthi – leli ibanga elifushane kakhulu phakathi kwanoma ibaphi okhiye ababili abancikene. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuze sidlale, sehla nge-semitone - sithola ukuthi i-pitch ihambisana nenothi B. Ngokufanayo, udinga ukudlala - khuphuka i-semitone: ihambisana nokhiye. Imisindo efanayo ngephimbo kodwa ebhalwe ngokuhlukile ibizwa ngokuthi i-enharmonic (ukulingana enharmonically).

KULUNGILE sekuphelile Manje! Ngicabanga ukuthi konke kucacile. Kufanele ngengeze okuthize mayelana nokuthi kuqokwa kanjani abukhali futhi flat emculweni weshidi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa izithonjana ezikhethekile ezibhalwe ngaphambi kwenothi elidinga ukushintshwa.

Isiphetho esincane

Kulesi sihloko, sithole ukuthi okhiye bepiyano babizwa ngokuthini, yimaphi amanothi ahambisana nokhiye ngamunye, nendlela yokuzulazula kalula kukhibhodi. Siphinde sathola ukuthi i-octave iyini futhi safunda amagama awo wonke ama-octave kupiyano. Futhi manje uyazi ukuthi yini ecijile futhi iyisicaba, nokuthi ungawathola kanjani ama-Sharps namaflethi kukhibhodi.

Ikhibhodi yepiyano itholakala emhlabeni wonke. Ezinye izinsimbi zomculo eziningi zifakwe izinhlobo ezifanayo zamakhibhodi. Lokhu akulona nje upiyano olukhulu nopiyano oluqondile, kodwa i-accordion, i-harpsichord, i-ogani, i-celesta, ihabhu lekhibhodi, i-synthesizer, njll. Amarekhodi ezinsimbi ezishaywayo - i-xylophone, i-marimba, i-vibraphone - atholakala kumodeli yekhibhodi enjalo. .

Uma unesithakazelo okwakhekeni kwangaphakathi kopiyano, uma ufuna ukwazi ukuthi umsindo waleli thuluzi elimangalisayo uvela kanjani futhi kuphi, ngincoma ukufunda isihloko esithi “Ukwakheka kopiyano.” Ngizokubona! Shiya amazwana akho ngezansi, chofoza u-"Like" ukuze wabelane ngezinto ozitholile nabangani kanye nabantu abanomqondo ofanayo ku-VKontakte, umhlaba wami kanye ne-Facebook.