Yevgeny Malinin (Evgeny Malinin) |

Evgeny Malinin

U-Evgeny Vasilyevich Malinin, mhlawumbe, wayengomunye wezibalo ezihlaba umxhwele kakhulu futhi ezikhangayo phakathi kwabanqobi bokuqala baseSoviet beminyaka yangemva kwempi - labo abangena esiteji sekhonsathi ngasekupheleni kweminyaka engamashumi amane namashumi amahlanu okuqala. Wawina ukunqoba kwakhe kokuqala ngo-1949 eBudapest, eMkhosini Wesibili Wamazwe Ngamazwe Wentsha Yentando Yeningi kanye nabafundi. Imikhosi yangaleso sikhathi yaba neqhaza elikhulu esiphethweni sabaculi abasebasha, futhi abaculi abathola imiklomelo emikhulu kuyo baduma kakhulu. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, umdlali wopiyano waba umnqobi we-Chopin Competition eWarsaw. Kodwa-ke, ukusebenza kwakhe eMqhudelwaneni kaMarguerite Long-Jacques Thibaud eParis ngo-1953 kwaba nokuzwakalayo okukhulu.

• Umculo wepiyano esitolo se-inthanethi se-Ozon →

I-Malinin yazibonakalisa kahle kakhulu enhloko-dolobha yaseFrance, yembula ngokugcwele ithalenta lakhe lapho. Ngokuka-DB Kabalevsky, owazibonela ngawakhe lo mqhudelwano, udlale “ngobuhlakani nekhono elimangalisayo … Indlela adlale ngayo (Ikhonsathi Yesibili kaRakhmaninov. UMnu. C.), ekhanyayo, enamanzi futhi enomoya ophansi, yakhanga umqhubi, i-orchestra, nezilaleli” (Kabalevsky DB Inyanga eFrance // Umculo weSoviet. 1953. No. 9. P. 96, 97.). Akazange aklonyeliswe ngomklomelo wokuqala - njengoba kwenzeka ezimweni ezinjalo, izimo zabasizi zazidlala indima yazo; kanye nomdlali wepiyano ongumFulentshi u-Philippe Antremont, iMalinin yabelane endaweni yesibili. Nokho, ngokusho kochwepheshe abaningi, wayengowokuqala. UMargarita Long wamemezela obala: “UmRashiya udlale kahle kakhulu” (Ibid. S. 98.). Emlonyeni weciko elidume umhlaba wonke, la mazwi ngokwawo azwakala njengomklomelo ophakeme kunawo wonke.

I-Malinin ngaleso sikhathi yayineminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amabili. Wazalelwa eMoscow. Unina wayengumculi wekwaya onesizotha eBolshoi Theatre, uyise wayeyisisebenzi. “Bobabili babewuthanda umculo ngokuzidela,” kukhumbula uMalin. I-Malinin yayingenayo insimbi yabo, futhi ekuqaleni umfana wagijima waya kumakhelwane: wayephethe upiyano lapho ungaphupha khona futhi ukhethe umculo. Lapho eneminyaka emine ubudala, umama wakhe wamletha eCentral Music School. "Ngikhumbula kahle inkulumo yothile enganelisekile - maduze nje, bathi, izingane zizolethwa," kuqhubeka uMalinin. “Noma kunjalo ngamukelwa ngathunyelwa eqenjini lesigqi. Kwadlula izinyanga ezimbalwa, futhi kwaqala izifundo zangempela ngopiyano.

Ngokushesha kwagqashuka impi. Wagcina esethuthiwe - endaweni ekude, elahlekile. Isikhathi esingangonyaka nengxenye, kwaqhubeka ikhefu ngenkani emakilasini. Khona-ke i-Central Music School, eyayisePenza phakathi nempi, yathola iMalinin; wabuyela kwabafunda naye, wabuyela emsebenzini, waqala ukubamba. “Uthisha wami uTamara Alexandrovna Bobovich wangisiza kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi. Uma kusukela ebusheni bami ngithanda umculo ngaze ngaquleka, lokhu kuwukufaneleka kwakho. Kunzima kimi manje ukuchaza ngayo yonke imininingwane ukuthi wenze kanjani; Ngikhumbula kuphela ukuthi bekuhlakaniphile (kunengqondo, njengoba besho) futhi kujabulisa. Wayengifundisa ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngokunaka okungapheli, ukuzilalela. Manje ngivame ukuphinda kubafundi bami: into eyinhloko ukulalela ukuthi upiyano lwakho luzwakala kanjani; Lokhu ngikuthole kothisha bami, kuTamara Alexandrovna. Ngangifunda naye yonke iminyaka yami yesikole. Kwesinye isikhathi ngiyazibuza: ingabe isitayela somsebenzi wakhe sishintshile ngalesi sikhathi? Kungenzeka. Izifundo-iziyalezo, izifundo-iziqondiso ziya ngokuya ziphenduka izifundo-izingxoxo, kwaba ukushintshana kwemibono kwamahhala nokukhangayo okuthakazelisayo. Njengabo bonke othisha abakhulu, uTamara Alexandrovna walandela eduze ukuvuthwa kwabafundi ... "

Futhi-ke, e-Conservatory, "inkathi ye-Neuhausian" iqala ku-biography yeMalinin. Isikhathi esingapheli iminyaka engaphansi kweyisishiyagalombili - emihlanu yayo ebhentshini labafundi neminyaka emithathu esikoleni esiphakeme.

UMalin ukhumbula imihlangano eminingi nothisha wakhe: ekilasini, ekhaya, eceleni kwamahholo ekhonsathi; wayengowembuthano yabantu abaseduze neNeuhaus. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, akulula kuye ukukhuluma ngoprofesa wakhe namuhla. “Kuningi osekushiwo ngoHeinrich Gustavovich muva nje ukuthi kuzomele ngikuphinde kodwa angifuni. Kukhona obunye ubunzima kulabo abamkhumbulayo: emva kwakho konke, wayehlala ehluke kakhulu ... Ngezinye izikhathi kubonakala ngisho kimi ukuthi lokhu kwakungeyona imfihlo yobuhle bakhe? Isibonelo, kwakungakaze kwenzeke ukwazi kusengaphambili ukuthi isifundo sizoba kanjani naye - sasihlala siphethe isimanga, isimanga, imfumbe. Kunezifundo ezagcina zikhunjulwa njengamaholidi, futhi kwenzeka ukuthi thina bafundi, sawela ngaphansi kwesichotho samazwi ahlukumezayo.

Ngezinye izikhathi wayethakazelisa ngokoqobo ukuqephuza kwakhe, i-erudition ehlakaniphile, igama eliphefumulelwe lokufundisa, futhi ngezinye izinsuku walalela umfundi buthule, ngaphandle kokuthi ulungise umdlalo wakhe ngesenzo se-laconic. (Ngaphandle kwalokho, wayenendlela yokuziphatha ecacile kakhulu. Kulabo ababemazi futhi bemqonda kahle uNeuhaus, ukunyakaza kwezandla zakhe ngezinye izikhathi kwakungakhulumi ngaphansi kwamagama.) Ngokuvamile, bambalwa abantu ababengaphansi kwezifiso ze umzuzwana, isimo sobuciko, njengoba ayenjalo. Thatha okungenani lesi sibonelo: U-Heinrich Gustavovich wayazi indlela yokuhamba ngezinyawo kakhulu futhi ekhetha - akaphuthelwanga nokunemba nokuncane embhalweni womculo, waqhuma ngamazwi athukuthele ngenxa yeligi eyodwa engalungile. Futhi ngesinye isikhathi wayengathi: "Sithandwa, ungumuntu onethalente, futhi wena ngokwakho wazi konke ... Ngakho qhubeka usebenza."

IMalinin ikweleta okuningi kuNeuhaus, angaphuthelwa yithuba lokukhumbula. Njengawo wonke umuntu owake wafunda ekilasini likaHeinrich Gustavovich, wathola ngesikhathi sakhe umfutho onamandla kakhulu wokuxhumana nethalenta leNeuhausian; lahlala kuye kuze kube phakade.

UNeuhaus wayezungezwe abantu abasha abaningi abanamakhono; kwakungelula ukuphuma lapho. UMali akazange aphumelele. Ngemva kokuphothula e-conservatory ngo-1954, futhi ngemva kwalokho esikoleni esiphakeme (1957), washiywa ekilasini laseNeuhaus njengomsizi - iqiniso elafakazela lona.

Ngemva kokunqoba kokuqala emiqhudelwaneni yamazwe ngamazwe, iMalinin ivame ukwenza. Bekusembalwa abaculi abayizimenywa abangochwepheshe ekuqaleni kweminyaka yamashumi amane namashumi amahlanu; izimemo ezivela emadolobheni ahlukahlukene zazifika kuye ngokulandelana. Kamuva, uMalin uzokhononda ngokuthi unikeze amakhonsathi kakhulu phakathi nezinsuku zakhe zomfundi, lokhu futhi kwakunezinhlangothi ezingezinhle - ngokuvamile bazibona kuphela lapho bebheka emuva ...

U-Evgeny Vasilievich uyakhumbula: “Ekuqaleni kwempilo yami yobuciko, impumelelo yami yokuqala yayingangiphathi kahle. “Ngaphandle kokuhlangenwe nakho okudingekile, ngijabulela impumelelo yami yokuqala, ihlombe, ukushayelwa ihlombe, nokunye okunjalo, ngavuma kalula ukuvakashelwa. Manje sekucacile kimi ukuthi lokhu kuthathe amandla amaningi, okuholele kude nomsebenzi wangempela, ojulile. Futhi-ke, kwakungenxa yokuqoqwa kwe-repertoire. Ngingasho ngokuqiniseka: ukube eminyakeni eyishumi yokuqala yokuzijwayeza kwami ​​esiteji nganginemidlalo ewuhhafu kunaleyo, ngabe ngigcine ngokuphindwe kabili ... "

Kodwa-ke, ekuqaleni kweminyaka engamashumi amahlanu, konke kwakubonakala kulula kakhulu. Kunezimo ezijabulisayo lapho konke kuza kalula, ngaphandle komzamo obonakalayo; Evgeny Malinin, 20, wayengomunye wabo. Ukudlala obala ngokuvamile kwamlethela injabulo kuphela, ubunzima ngandlela-thile banqotshwa ngokwabo, inkinga ye-repertoire ekuqaleni ayizange imkhathaze. Izilaleli zigqugquzele, ababuyekezi batusa, othisha nezihlobo zajabula.

Ngempela wayenokubukeka kobuciko obukhangayo obungavamile - inhlanganisela yobusha nethalenta. Imidlalo yayimkhanga ngokuphila, ukuzenzela, ubusha ubusha besipiliyoni; kwasebenza ngokungenakuvinjelwa. Futhi hhayi nje umphakathi jikelele, kodwa futhi ochwepheshe ngenkani: labo abakhumbula esigabeni ekhonsathi inhloko-dolobha yamashumi amahlanu bazokwazi ukufakazela ukuthi Malinin wayethanda. konke. Akazange enze ifilosofi ngemuva kwensimbi, njengabanye bongqondongqondo abasha, akazange asungule lutho, akazange adlale, akazange akhohlise, waya kumlaleli ngomphefumulo ovulekile nobanzi. U-Stanislavsky wake waba nendumiso ephakeme kakhulu yomdlali - odumile "Ngiyakholwa"; I-Malinin ingakwazi Kholwa, wawuzwa ngempela umculo ngendlela ayewubonise ngayo ngokwenza kwakhe.

Wayenekhono ikakhulukazi emazwini omculo. Ngokushesha ngemva kokuqala komdlali wopiyano, u-GM Kogan, umgxeki oqinile futhi onembayo ekuhlanganiseni kwakhe, wabhala kokunye kokubuyekezwa kwakhe mayelana ne-charm yenkondlo evelele kaMalinin; kwakungenakwenzeka ukungavumelani nalokhu. Lona kanye silulumagama sababuyekezi esitatimendeni sabo mayelana neMalinin siyabonisa. Ezintweni ezinikezelwe kuye, umuntu uhlala ekhanyisa: "umphefumulo", "ukungena", "ubuhle", "ubumnene bendlela", "ukufudumala okungokomoya". Kuyaphawulwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ukungabi nabuciko amazwi kaMalinin, ayamangalisa ngokwemvelo ubukhona bakhe esiteji. Umdwebi, ngamagama ka-A. Kramskoy, kalula nangeqiniso wenza i-Chopin's B flat minor sonata. (Kramskoy A. Piano kusihlwa E. Malinina / / Soviet music. '955. No. 11. P. 115.), ngokuka-K. Adzhemov, “ufumbathisa ngendlela elula” kuyi-“Aurora” kaBeethoven. (Dzhemov K. Abadlali bopiyano // Umculo weSoviet. 1953. No. 12. P. 69.) njll

Futhi omunye umzuzu wesici. Izingoma zikaMalinin ziyimvelo yaseRussia ngempela. Umgomo kazwelonke ubelokhu uzenza ngokucacile wazizwa ngobuciko bakhe. Ukuchitheka kwemizwa kwamahhala, ukuthanda ukunaba, ukubhala kwengoma “okusobala”, ukushanela kanye nekhono emdlalweni - kukho konke lokhu ubeyiciko futhi usalokhu eyiciko lomlingiswa waseRussia ngempela.

Ebusheni bakhe, mhlawumbe, okuthile u-Yesenin angena kuye ... Kwakukhona icala lapho, ngemva kwelinye lamakhonsathi kaMalinin, omunye wabalaleli, elalela inhlangano yangaphakathi eqondakalayo kuphela, washo imigqa eyaziwayo kaYesenin ngokungalindelekile kulabo abaseduze kwakhe:

Ngingumfana ongenandaba. Ungadingi lutho. Uma kuphela ukulalela izingoma - ukucula kanye nenhliziyo yami ...

Izinto eziningi zanikezwa kuMalinin, kodwa mhlawumbe okokuqala - umculo kaRachmaninov. Ivumelana nomoya ngokwawo, ubunjalo bethalente layo; hhayi kangako, nokho, kuleyo misebenzi lapho u-Rachmaninoff (njengama-opuses akamuva) edangele, eqinile futhi ezimele, kodwa lapho umculo wakhe ugcwele injabulo yasentwasahlobo yemizwa, ukugcwala kwegazi nokujula kokubuka komhlaba, ukugcwala kwemizwelo. umbala. I-Malinin, isibonelo, ivame ukudlala futhi isadlala i-Second Rachmaninov Concerto. Lokhu kuqanjwa kufanele kuqashelwe ngokukhethekile: kuhamba nomdwebi cishe kuyo yonke impilo yakhe yasesiteji, kuhlotshaniswa nokunqoba kwakhe okuningi, kusukela emncintiswaneni waseParis ngo-1953 kuya ohambweni oluphumelele kakhulu lweminyaka yamuva.

Ngeke kube ihaba ukusho ukuthi abalaleli basakhumbula ukudlala okuthandekayo kukaMalinin ku-Concerto Yesibili kaRachmaninoff kuze kube namuhla. Ayizange ishiye noma ubani engenandaba: i-cantilena enhle kakhulu, ekhululekile futhi egeleza ngokwemvelo (U-Malinnik wake wathi umculo ka-Rachmaninov kufanele uculwe ophiyano ngendlela efanayo nama-arias avela kuma-opera ase-Russian classical aculwa enkundleni yemidlalo yaseshashalazini. Ukuqhathanisa kuyafaneleka, yena ngokwakhe wenza umbhali amthandayo ngale ndlela.), ibinzana lomculo elichazwe ngokucacile (abagxeki bakhulume, futhi ngokufanelekile, ngokungena okunembile kweMalinin engqikithini ecacile yaleli gama), i-nuance ejabulisayo, enhle yesigqi ... Futhi enye into. Ngendlela yokudlala umculo iMalinin yayinesici esiyisici: ukusebenza kwezingcezu ezinwetshiwe, ezigqamile zomsebenzi "ku umoya owodwa', njengoba ababuyekezi ngokuvamile bekubeka. Wayebonakala “ephakamisa” umculo ngezingqimba ezinkulu, ezinkulu - e-Rachmaninoff lokhu kwakukholisa kakhulu.

Waphumelela futhi emvuthwandaba kaRachmaninov. Wayethanda (futhi usathanda) "amagagasi ayisishiyagalolunye" wesici somsindo ovuthayo; ngesinye isikhathi izinhlangothi ezigqame kakhulu zethalente lakhe zembulwa ku-crest yazo. Umdlali wopiyano wayehlale ekwazi ukukhuluma esiteji ngokujabula, ngentshiseko, ngaphandle kokucasha. Njengoba ethathwe yedwa, waheha abanye. U-Emil Gilels wake wabhala mayelana neMalinin: “… Intshisekelo yakhe ibamba umlaleli futhi imenze alandele ngentshisekelo ukuthi umdlali wopiyano osemncane uveza kanjani inhloso yombhali ngendlela engavamile nenekhono…”

Kanye ne-Concerto Yesibili ka-Rachmaninov, i-Malinin yayivame ukudlala i-sonatas ka-Beethoven eminyakeni yamashumi amahlanu (ikakhulukazi i-Op. 22 ne-110), u-Mephisto Waltz, i-Funeral Procession, i-Betrothal kanye ne-B minor sonata ka-Liszt; ama-nocturnes, ama-polonaise, ama-mazurkas, ama-scherzos nezinye izingcezu eziningi zikaChopin; Ikhonsathi Yesibili kaBrahms; "Izithombe Embukisweni" nguMussorgsky; izinkondlo, izifundo kanye ne-Scriabin's Fifth Sonata; I-sonata yesine ye-Prokofiev nomjikelezo othi "Romeo noJuliet"; ekugcineni, inani lemidlalo kaRavel: "Alborada", i-sonatina, i-triptych yepiyano "Night Gaspard". Ingabe uye waveza ngokucacile ukubikezela kwe-repertoire-stylistic? Into eyodwa ingashiwo ngokuqiniseka - mayelana nokwenqaba kwakhe lokho okubizwa ngokuthi "isimanje", isimanje somculo ekubonakalisweni kwayo okukhulu, mayelana nesimo sengqondo esibi mayelana nokwakhiwa okuzwakalayo kwendawo yokugcina impahla ye-constructivist - lokhu kwakamuva bekulokhu kungavamile emvelweni yakhe. Kwenye yezingxoxo zakhe, wathi: “Umsebenzi ongenawo imizwelo yomuntu ephilayo (okuthiwa umphefumulo!), Imane nje iwukuhlaziya okuthakazelisa kakhulu. Ingishiya ngingenandaba futhi angifuni ukuyidlala.” (Evgeny Malinin (ingxoxo) // Impilo yomculo. 1976. No. 22. P. 15.). Wayefuna, futhi usafuna, ukudlala umculo wekhulu lesi-XNUMX: abaqambi abakhulu baseRussia, abathandanayo baseNtshonalanga Yurophu. . ..Ngakho, ukuphela kweminyaka engamashumi amane - ukuqala kweminyaka engamashumi amahlanu, isikhathi sokuphumelela komsindo weMalinin. Kamuva, ithoni yokugxeka ubuciko bakhe iyashintsha ngandlela-thile. Usanikezwa isikweletu ngethalente lakhe, isiteji "i-charm", kodwa ezimpendulo zemidlalo yakhe, cha, cha, futhi ezinye izihlamba zizodlula. Kuvezwa ukukhathazeka ngokuthi umdwebi “usehlise ijubane” isinyathelo sakhe; UNeuhaus wake wakhala ngokuthi umfundi “wayengaqeqeshekile kahle uma kuqhathaniswa.” I-Malinin, ngokusho kwabanye ozakwabo, iphindaphinda kaningi kunalokho angathanda ezinhlelweni zakhe, sekuyisikhathi sokuba "azame isandla sakhe ezinkombandlela ezintsha ze-repertory, andise ububanzi bezithakazelo zokwenza" (Kramskoy A. Piano kusihlwa E. Malinina//Sov. umculo. 1955. No. 11. p. 115.). Ngokunokwenzeka, umdlali wopiyano wanikeza izizathu ezithile zokuhlanjalazwa okunjalo.

U-Chaliapin unamagama abalulekile: “Futhi uma ngithatha okuthile njengelungelo lami futhi ngizivumela ukuba ngibhekwe njengesibonelo esifanele ukulingiswa, khona-ke lokhu kuwukuziphakamisa kwami, ukungakhathali, okungaphazanyiswa. Angikaze, hhayi ngemva kwempumelelo enhle kakhulu, angizange ngithi kimi: “Manje, mfowethu, lala kulo mqhele we-laurel onamaribhoni amahle nemibhalo engenakuqhathaniswa…” Ngakhumbula ukuthi i-troika yami yaseRussia enensimbi ye-Valdai yayingilindile kuvulandi. , ukuthi anginaso isikhathi sokulala - ngidinga ukuqhubeka! .. ” (Chaliapin FI Literary heritage. – M., 1957. S. 284-285.).

Ingabe ukhona, ngisho naphakathi kwamakhosi aziwayo, aziwayo, ongakwazi ukusho ngobuqotho ngaye lokho uChaliapin akusho? Futhi ingabe kuyivelakancane ngempela lapho, ngemva kochungechunge lokunqoba nokunqoba esiteji, kungena ukuphumula - ukuzikhandla ngokweqile kokwethuka, ukukhathala obekunqwabelana phakathi neminyaka edlule ... "Kudingeka ngiqhubekele phambili!"

Ekuqaleni kweminyaka engamashumi ayisikhombisa, kwenzeka izinguquko ezinkulu ekuphileni kukaMalinin. Kusukela ngo-1972 kuya ku-1978, wahola umnyango wophiyano we-Moscow Conservatory njengomfundisi; kusukela maphakathi nawo-XNUMX - inhloko yomnyango. Isigqi somsebenzi wakhe sishesha kakhulu. Izinhlobonhlobo zemisebenzi yokuphatha, uchungechunge olungapheli lwemihlangano, imihlangano, izinkomfa zemethodical, njll., izinkulumo nemibiko, ukubamba iqhaza kuzo zonke izinhlobo zamakhomishini (kusukela ekuvunyelweni kuya kubuhlakani kuya ekuthwesweni iziqu, kusukela esikweletu esijwayelekile kanye nezivivinyo kuya kweziqhudelanayo), ekugcineni , ezinye izinto eziningi ezingenakuqondwa futhi zibalwe ngokubuka kanye—konke lokhu manje kudonsa ingxenye ebalulekile yamandla akhe, isikhathi namandla akhe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, akafuni ukuhlukana nesiteji sekhonsathi. Futhi hhayi nje ukuthi “angifuni”; wayengeke abe nelungelo lokwenza kanjalo. Umculi owaziwayo, onegunya, namuhla ongene esikhathini sokuvuthwa okugcwele kokudala - akakwazi ukudlala? .. I-panorama yokuvakasha kweMalinin eminyakeni yamashumi ayisikhombisa namashumi ayisishiyagalombili ibukeka ihlaba umxhwele kakhulu. Uvakashela amadolobha amaningi ezwe lakithi njalo, avakashe phesheya. Abezindaba babhala ngesipiliyoni sakhe esikhulu nesithela izithelo esiteji; ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuphawulwe ukuthi eMalinin phakathi neminyaka ubuqotho bakhe, ukuvuleka ngokomzwelo nokulula akuzange kunciphe, ukuthi akazange akhohlwe ukukhuluma nabalaleli ngolimi lomculo oluphilayo noluqondakalayo.

I-repertoire yakhe isekelwe kubabhali bangaphambili. I-Chopin ivame ukwenziwa - mhlawumbe kaningi kunanoma yini enye. Ngakho-ke, engxenyeni yesibili ye-Eighties, i-Malinin yayilutha ngokukhethekile ohlelweni, oluhlanganisa i-Sonatas Yesibili neyesithathu ye-Chopin, ehambisana nama-mazurkas amaningana. Ikhona neminye imisebenzi esemaphostani akhe abengawadlali ngesikhathi esemncane. Isibonelo, i-First Piano Concerto kanye nama-Preludes angu-24 ka-Shostakovich, i-Concerto yokuqala ka-Galynin. Endaweni ethile ekuqaleni kweminyaka engamashumi ayisikhombisa namashumi ayisishiyagalombili, i-C-major Fantasia kaSchumann, kanye namakhonsathi kaBeethoven, yagxila ku-repertoire kaYevgeny Vasilyevich. Ngaso leso sikhathi, wafunda i-Concerto kaMozart ye-Three Pianos kanye ne-Orchestra, umsebenzi wenziwa nguye ngesicelo sozakwabo baseJapane, ngokubambisana noMalinin enza lo msebenzi ongavamile eJapane.

Kukhona enye into eheha iMalinin ngokuqhubekayo phakathi neminyaka - ukufundisa. Unesigaba esiqinile futhi esisesigabeni sokuqanjwa, lapho abaculi abaningi abahlonishwayo emiqhudelwaneni yamazwe ngamazwe sebephumile; Akulula ukungena ezinhlwini zabafundi bakhe. Waziwa nangokuthi unguthisha phesheya: uye wabamba ngokuphindaphindiwe nangempumelelo izingqungquthela zamazwe ngamazwe mayelana nokudlalwa kwepiyano e-Fontainebleau, Tours and Dijon (France); kwadingeka anikeze izifundo zokubonisa kwamanye amadolobha omhlaba. “Nginomuzwa wokuthi ngiya ngokuya nginamathela ekufundiseni,” kusho uMalinin. “Manje ngiyakuthanda, mhlawumbe ngaphezu kokunikeza amakhonsathi, bengingacabangi ukuthi lokhu kuzokwenzeka phambilini. Ngithanda i-conservatory, ikilasi, intsha, umoya wesifundo, ngithola injabulo eyengeziwe kuyona kanye inqubo yokudala i-pedagogical. Ekilasini ngivame ukukhohlwa isikhathi, ngithatheke. Ngike ngibuzwe ngezimiso zami zokufundisa, ngicelwe ukuthi ngiveze uhlelo lwami lokufundisa. Yini engashiwo lapha? U-Liszt wake wathi: "Mhlawumbe into enhle yisistimu, kuphela angizange ngiyithole ...".

Mhlawumbe iMalinin ayinalo ngempela uhlelo ngomqondo ongokoqobo wegama. Bekungeke kube semoyeni wakhe… Kodwa ngokungangabazeki unezimo zengqondo nezindlela zokufundisa ezithuthukiswe phakathi neminyaka eminingi yokuzijwayeza - njengabo bonke othisha abanolwazi. Ukhuluma ngabo kanje:

“Yonke into eyenziwa ngumfundi kufanele igcwale umqondo womculo kuze kube sekupheleni. Kubaluleke kakhulu. Kodwa alikho nelilodwa inothi elingenalutho, elingasho lutho! Akuyona inguquko eyodwa ye-harmonic engathathi hlangothi engokomzwelo noma ukuguquguquka! Yilokho kanye engiphuma kukho emakilasini ami nabafundi. Omunye, mhlawumbe, uzothi: kungukuthi, bathi, njengokuthi "kabili kabili." Kwazi bani… Impilo ikhombisa ukuthi abadlali abaningi bafika le kude ngokushesha.

Ngiyakhumbula, ngesikhathi ngisemusha, ngadlala i-sonata encane ka-Liszt ethi B. Okokuqala, ngangikhathazekile ngokuthi ukulandelana kwe-octave okunzima kakhulu "kuzophuma" kimi, izibalo zeminwe zizovela ngaphandle "kokufiphaza", izingqikithi eziyinhloko zizozwakala zizinhle, njalonjalo. Futhi yini engemuva kwazo zonke lezi ziqephu nezingubo zomsindo zikanokusho, ngobani futhi egameni lani zabhalwa uLiszt, cishe angizange ngikucabange ngokucacile. Ngezwa nje intuitively. Kamuva, ngaqonda. Futhi-ke yonke into yawela endaweni, ngicabanga. Kwacaca ukuthi yini eyinhloko nokuthi yini yesibili.

Ngakho-ke, lapho ngibona abadlali bopiyano abasebasha ekilasini lami namuhla, iminwe yabo egijima kahle, abathinteka kakhulu imizwa futhi abafuna kakhulu “ukuveza ngokucacile” lokhu noma leyo ndawo, ngazi kahle ukuthi, njengabatoliki, bavame ukugxumela phezulu. ubuso. Nokuthi “abakutholi okwanele” entweni eyinhloko neyinhloko engiyichaza ngokuthi okusho umculo, sokuqukethwe yibize noma yini oyithandayo. Mhlawumbe abanye balaba bantu abasha bazogcina befike endaweni engangifika kuyo ngesikhathi sami. Ngifuna lokhu kwenzeke ngokushesha okukhulu. Lesi isilungiselelo sami sokufundisa, umgomo wami.

I-Malinin ivame ukubuzwa lo mbuzo: angathini mayelana nesifiso sabaculi abasha bokuqala, ngokufuna kwabo ubuso babo, ngokungafani nobunye ubuso? Lo mbuzo, ngokusho kuka-Yevgeny Vasilyevich, awulula neze, awucacile; impendulo lapha ayiveli phezulu, njengoba kungase kubonakale ekuqaleni.

“Ungezwa kaningi ukuthi: ithalente alisoze lahamba ngendlela, liyohlale lizifunela into yalo, entsha. Kubonakala kuyiqiniso, akukho okuphikisana nakho lapha. Kodwa-ke, kuyiqiniso futhi ukuthi uma ulandela lesi sihloko ngokwezwi nezwi, uma usiqonda ngokwezigaba futhi ngokuqondile, lokhu ngeke kuholele kokuhle nakho. Ngokwesibonelo, kulezi zinsuku akuvamile ukuhlangana nabadlali abancane abangafuni nhlobo ukufana nabangaphambili. Abanasithakazelo ku-repertoire evamile, eyamukelwa ngokuvamile - i-Bach, i-Beethoven, i-Chopin, i-Tchaikovsky, i-Rachmaninoff. Okukhanga kakhulu kubo ongcweti bekhulu le-XNUMX-XNUMX - noma ababhali banamuhla kakhulu. Bafuna umculo orekhodiwe ngedijithali noma into efana naleyo - okungcono ayikaze yenziwe ngaphambilini, akwaziwa ngisho nayizingcweti. Bafuna izixazululo ezingajwayelekile zokuhumusha, amaqhinga nezindlela zokudlala ...

Ngiyaqiniseka ukuthi kukhona umugqa othize, ngingasho, umugqa wokuhlukanisa ohamba phakathi kwesifiso sento entsha kwezobuciko kanye nokufuna okwangempela ngenxa yayo. Ngamanye amazwi, phakathi kweThalente nenkohliso enekhono layo. Lesi sakamuva, ngeshwa, sivame kakhulu kulezi zinsuku kunalokho esingathanda. Futhi udinga ukwazi ukuhlukanisa omunye komunye. Ngamafuphi, bengingeke ngibeke uphawu olulinganayo phakathi kwemiqondo efana nethalente kanye nokuqala, okuyinto ngezinye izikhathi ezama ukwenziwa. Okwangempela esiteji akulona ngempela ikhono, futhi umkhuba wekhonsathi wanamuhla uqinisekisa lokhu ngendlela ekholisayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ithalenta lingase lingabonakali kulo Okungavamile, okunye kokunye - futhi, ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuba nayo yonke idatha yomsebenzi wokudala onezithelo. Kubalulekile kimina manje ukuthi ngigcizelele umbono wokuthi abanye abantu kwezobuciko babonakala benza lokho abanye abangakwenza - kodwa kuqhubeke izinga elihlukile ngokwekhwalithi. Lokhu "kodwa" kuwumgomo wonke wendaba.

Ngokuvamile, esihlokweni - liyini ithalente kwezobuciko bomculo nokwenza - iMalinin kufanele icabange kaningi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ufunda nabafundi ekilasini, noma ngabe ubamba iqhaza emsebenzini wekomidi lokukhetha lokukhethwa kwabafake izicelo ku-conservatory, yena, empeleni, akakwazi ukubalekela kulo mbuzo. Ungayigwema kanjani imicabango enjalo emiqhudelwaneni yamazwe ngamazwe, lapho iMalinin, kanye namanye amalungu ejaji, kufanele inqume isiphetho sabaculi abasha. Ngandlela-thile, phakathi nengxoxo eyodwa, u-Evgeny Vasilyevich wabuzwa: yini, ngokombono wakhe, okusanhlamvu kwethalenta lobuciko? Yiziphi izici zayo ezibaluleke kakhulu kanye nemibandela? Impendulo ivela ku- Malin:

"Kubonakala kimi ukuthi kulokhu kungenzeka futhi kudingekile ukukhuluma ngento evamile kokubili abaculi abadlalayo kanye nabalingisi, ama-reciters - bonke labo, ngamafuphi, okumele badlale esiteji, bakhulume nabalaleli. Into eyinhloko yikhono lomthelela oqondile, wesikhashana kubantu. Ikhono lokuthungatha, ukuthungela, ukukhuthaza. Izithameli, empeleni, ziya etiyetha noma i-Philharmonic ukuze zizwe le mizwa.

Esiteji sekhonsathi ngaso sonke isikhathi kufanele kube khona okuthile thatha indawo - kuyathakazelisa, okubalulekile, kuyaheha. Futhi lokhu "okuthile" kufanele kuzwe abantu. Ukukhanya futhi kunamandla, kungcono. Umculi okwenzayo - abanamakhono. Futhi ngokuphambene…

Nokho, kukhona abadlali bamakhonsathi abadume kakhulu, ongcweti besigaba sokuqala, abangenawo lowomthelela oqondile womzwelo kwabanye esikhuluma ngabo. Nakuba bembalwa babo. Amayunithi mhlawumbe. Ngokwesibonelo, A. Benedetti Michelangeli. Noma uMaurizio Pollini. Banomgomo wokudala ohlukile. Benza lokhu: ekhaya, kude namehlo abantu, ngemuva kweminyango evaliwe yelabhorethri yabo yomculo, bakha uhlobo oluthile lobuciko obumangalisayo - bese belubonisa emphakathini. Okusho ukuthi, basebenza njengabadwebi noma abadwebi.

Nokho, lokhu kunezinzuzo zako. Kufinyelelwa izinga eliphezulu kakhulu lobungcweti nobungcweti. Kodwa noma kunjalo… Kimina ngokwami, ngenxa yemibono yami mayelana nobuciko, kanye nokukhuliswa engangikuthola ebuntwaneni, kukhona okunye obekulokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kimi. Engangikhuluma ngakho ekuqaleni.

Kunegama elilodwa elihle, engilithanda kakhulu - ukuqonda. Kulapho kuvela khona into ebingalindelekile esiteji, ifike isibekele umculi. Yini engaba yinhle kakhulu? Yebo, ulwazi luvela kubaculi abazalwa kuphela. "

… Ngo-April 1988, uhlobo lomkhosi owawunikezelwe ekugubheni iminyaka eyi-100 yokuzalwa kuka-GG Neuhaus wawubanjelwe e-USSR. I-Malinin yayingomunye wabahleli bayo abakhulu nabahlanganyeli. Wakhuluma kuthelevishini ngendaba ngothisha wakhe, owadlalwa kabili emakhonsathini enkumbulo kaNeuhaus (kuhlanganise nekhonsathi eyayiseHholo Lekholomu ngo-April 12, 1988). Phakathi nezinsuku zomkhosi, uMalinin wayelokhu ephendukela ku-Heinrich Gustavovich. “Ukumlingisa kunoma yini, vele, kungaba yize futhi kuyinhlekisa. Kodwa nokho, isitayela esithile esijwayelekile somsebenzi wokufundisa, umumo wayo wokudala kanye nesimilo kimi, kanye nabanye abafundi be-Neuhaus, sivela kuthisha wethu. Usephambi kwamehlo ami ngaso sonke isikhathi… "

G. Tsypin, 1990