Ama-Buffoons: umlando wokwenzeka kwe-buffoonery nezici zayo zomculo.

Ama-Buffoons angabelaphi nabalingisi bezingoma zemicikilisho ezasala ngemva kokubhapathizwa kuka-Rus nguVladimir. Bazulazula emadolobheni nasemadolobheni futhi becula izingoma zamaqaba zasendulo, bazi okuningi ngobuthakathi, futhi bengabadlali abahlekisayo. Ngezinye izikhathi, babekwazi ukwelapha abagulayo, ukunikeza iseluleko esihle, futhi babejabulisa abantu ngezingoma, imidanso namahlaya.

Ezincwadini zesikhumbuzo zekhulu le-11, sekuvele kukhulunywa ngama-buffoon njengabantu abahlanganisa izimfanelo zalabo abamele umsebenzi wobuciko njengabahlabeleli, abaculi, abadlali, abadansi, ababalisi, ama-acrobats, izangoma, amahlaya ahlekisayo nabalingisi abamangalisayo.

Ama-buffoon asebenzisa amathuluzi esintu njengamapayipi abhanqiwe, amathamborini namahabhu, amapayipi okhuni kanye nomtshingo wePan. Kodwa ithuluzi eliyinhloko lama-buffoon yi-gusli, ngoba aboniswa ezikhumbuzo ezihlukahlukene zomlando kumongo wobuciko bomculo kanye ne-buffoon, isibonelo, kumafrescoes, kuma-miniatures ezincwadi, futhi aculwa kuma-epics.

Kanye ne-gusli, insimbi yoqobo ebizwa ngokuthi “beep” yayivame ukusetshenziswa, eyayihlanganisa ibhodi lomsindo elimise okwepheya; insimbi yomculo yayinezintambo ezi-3, ezimbili zazo kuyizintambo ze-bourdon, enye ishaya ingoma. Ama-buffoon abuye adlala imibhobho - imitshingo yempempe yobude. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ukuhogela namahabhu ezincwadini zesiRashiya zasendulo kwakuvame ukuqhathaniswa necilongo, elalisetshenziselwa ukuqoqa amaqhawe empini.

Ngaphezu kwama-buffoon, eduze kwehabhu, kukhulunywe ngesithombe sendoda endala enezinwele ezimpunga (evame ukungaboni), eyahlabelela ama-epics nezindaba zezenzo ezedlule, ukuxhaphaza, inkazimulo kanye nobuNkulunkulu. Kuyaziwa ukuthi kwakukhona abaculi abanjalo eVeliky Novgorod naseKyiv - Kyiv naseNovgorod epics efinyelele kithi.

Ukufana phakathi komculo waseYurophu nokunyakaza okungcwele

Ngokufanayo nama-buffoon, kwakukhona abaculi nabahlabeleli kwamanye amazwe - laba babengama-jugglers, ama-rhapsodists, ama-shpilman, ama-bards nabanye abaningi.

AmaCelt ayene-social stratum - ama-bards, laba babengabaculi bezinganekwane zasendulo nezinganekwane, abantu ababezazi izimfihlo futhi behlonishwa ngabanye, njengoba babebhekwa njengezithunywa zonkulunkulu. I-bard isinyathelo sokuqala kwezintathu zokuba i-druid, izinga eliphakeme kakhulu kuhlelo olungokomoya. Isixhumanisi esiphakathi kwakuyi-phyla, eyayiphinde ibe ngabahlabeleli (ngokweminye imithombo), kodwa yabamba iqhaza elikhulu empilweni yomphakathi nasekuthuthukisweni kombuso.

Abantu baseScandinavia babenama-skald ababenamandla amakhulu okushisa izinhliziyo zabantu ngezenzo nomculo, kodwa umculo wawungewona umsebenzi wabo oyinhloko, babelima amasimu, balwa futhi baphila njengabantu abavamile.

Isiko elishabalalayo le-buffoonery

Isonto lalibashushisa ngentshiseko o-buffoon, futhi izinsimbi zabo zomculo zashiswa esigxotsheni. Ebandleni, babeyizigebengu, izinsalela zenkolo yakudala ezazidinga ukukhunyulwa njengokhula, ngakho ama-buffoon ashushiswa futhi abhujiswa ngokomzimba ngabefundisi bama-Orthodox.

Ngemva kwezinyathelo ezithile zokujezisa, abaculi abangamaqaba baqothulwa ngokuphelele, kodwa sisenazo izingoma ezadluliselwa ngomlomo, sisenazo izinganekwane nemifanekiso yezingoma ezihlekisayo. Babengobani ngempela? – Asazi, kodwa okubalulekile ukuthi ngenxa yalaba bahlabeleli sisenezinhlamvu zenkumbulo engcwele.