Umculo wakudala wezingane

Abaqambi bezingoma zakudala banikela amakhasi amaningi omsebenzi wabo ezinganeni. Le misebenzi yomculo ibhaliwe kucatshangelwa izici zombono wezingane, eziningi zazo zibhalelwe abadlali abasha, ngokusho kwamakhono abo obuchwepheshe.

Umhlaba womculo wezingane

Ama-opera nama-ballet, izingoma, nezinsimbi zenzelwe izingane. R. Schumann, J. Bizet, C. Saint-Saens, AK wakhuluma nezilaleli zezingane. ULyadov, AS Arensky, B. Bartok, SM Maykapar nabanye abaqambi abahlonishwayo.

Abaqambi abaningi baqambela izingane zabo imisebenzi, futhi banikela imisebenzi yabo ezinganeni zezihlobo zabo nabangane. Ngokwesibonelo, u-IS Bach, efundisa izingane zakhe umculo, wababhalela izingcezu ezihlukahlukene ("Incwadi Yomculo ka-Anna Magdalena Bach"). Ukubonakala kwe-albhamu ka-PI Tchaikovsky "I-albhamu Yezingane" ikweleta ukuxhumana komqambi nezingane zikadadewabo kanye nomfundi womfowabo.

Emculweni wezingane, abaqambi bezitayela ezahlukahlukene banezici ezijwayelekile:

• isithombe esikhanyayo, esicishe sibonakale;
• ukucaca kolimi lomculo;
• ukucaca kwefomu lomculo.

Umhlaba wobuntwana emculweni uyagqama. Uma ukudabuka noma ukudabuka okuncane kudlula kuye, khona-ke kusheshe kuthathelwe indawo injabulo. Ngokuvamile abaqambi babedala umculo wezingane ngokusekelwe kunganekwane. Izinganekwane, izingoma, imidanso, amahlaya, izinganekwane zikhanga izingane ngezithombe ezicacile, ezivusa ukusabela okujabulisayo kuzo.

Izinganekwane zomculo

Izithombe zezinganekwane zihlala ziheha imibono yezingane. Kunezingoma eziningi zomculo, amagama azo aqondisa ngokushesha isilaleli noma umculi omncane emhlabeni omlingo, ongaqondakali othandeka kakhulu enganeni. Imisebenzi enjalo ihlukaniswa ukubukeka okuhle, ukugcwala kwendwangu yomculo ngamasu ezithombe zomsindo.

"Izinganekwane zikaMama Goose" ye-chamber orchestra uM. Ravel wayiqambela izingane zabangane bakhe abaseduze ngo-1908. Ezinganeni zezinganekwane zamazwe ahlukahlukene aseYurophu, igama likaMama Goose libizwa umzanyana. AbaseBrithani baqonda "uMama Goose" njengenkulumo evamile - "inhlebo endala."

Umculo walo msebenzi uklanyelwe ukubona izingane. Ihlukaniswa ngokuhlelwa kwe-convex. Indima eyinhloko kuyo idlalwa izinsimbi ezikhanyayo ze-orchestral. Ivula i-suite "I-Pavane Ebuhleni Obuthongo" – ucezu oluncane kunawo wonke kumabha angama-20. Umtshingo opholile udlala ingoma epholile, ekhangayo, ebuye ihluke kwezinye izinsimbi zokhuni zodwa.

Isiqephu sesi-2 sibizwa "Tom Thumb". Lapha ukusesha indlela yomfana omncane olahlekile kukhonjiswa ngokuthakazelisayo - iziqephu ze-tertsian zamaviyolini athulisiwe zilokhu zigijimela phezulu, bese zehla, bese ziyabuya. Umsindo wamaphiko nokutshiyoza kwezinyoni ezindiza ukuze zimsize udluliswa ama-virtuoso glissando nama-trill amavayoli amathathu acula yedwa, kanye nezibabazo zomtshingo.

Inganekwane yesithathu ikhuluma ngowesifazane ogezayo wezithombe zaseShayina, obhukuda ezwa imisindo yomculo wopopayi odlalwa abantu bakhe ngezinsimbi zegobolondo le-walnut. Ucezu lunokunambitheka kwamaShayina; izingqikithi zayo zisekelwe esikalini se-pentatonic somculo wamaShayina. Imashi yonodoli enomusa yenziwa i-orchestra ehlanganisa i-celesta, izinsimbi, i-xylophone, amasimbali kanye nama-tom-toms.

M. Ravel “Ugly – Empress of the Pagodas”

ochungechungeni oluthi “Mother Goose”

Umdlalo wesi-4, i-waltz, ukhuluma ngoNobuhle owathandana noSilo ngenxa yenhliziyo yakhe enomusa. Esiphethweni, isipelingi siphukile, futhi Isilo siba inkosana ebukekayo. Izingane zingawabona kalula amaqhawe enganekwane: ngomsindo womculo omnandi we-clarinet - Ubuhle, ngendikimba enzima ye-contrabassoon - inkosana ethakathwa yiSilo. Lapho kwenzeka uguquko oluyisimangaliso, iNkosana iqala ukuba ngumnikazi womculo we-violin eyedwa, bese kuba i-cello.

Isiphetho se-suite penda isithombe sengadi enhle nenhle ("I-Magic Garden").

Abaqambi besimanje bezingane

Ngaphambi kwabadali bomculo wezingane ekhulwini lama-20. Kwavela umsebenzi onzima wokwethula abadlali abancane nabalaleli umbono wezici zolimi lomculo olusha kakhulu. Izingcweti zomculo zezingane zidalwe ngu-SS Prokofiev, K. Orff, B. Bartok nabanye abaqambi abavelele.

I-Classic yomculo wesimanje u-SM Slonimsky wabhala uchungechunge oluhle lwezincwadi zokubhalela zezingane kanye nabantu abadala, "Kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-50," okungabizwa ngokuthi isikole sepiyano sokufunda ulimi lwesimanje lomculo. Izincwadi zokubhalela zihlanganisa ama-miniatures epiyano adalwe umqambi ngeminyaka yama-60-80s. Umdlalo othi "Izinsimbi" ugcwele izindlela zesimanje zokukhiqiza umsindo. Lo mdlali osemncane uyamenywa ukuba alingise ukukhala kwensimbi ngokudlala izintambo ezivulekile zopiyano kuhlanganiswe nokudlala okhiye. Umdlalo uhlukaniswa ngezinhlobonhlobo zezibalo ezinesigqi kanye namaculo anezingxenye eziningi.

CM. "Izinsimbi" ze-Slonimsky

Izingoma zezingane bezilokhu ziwuhlobo oluyintandokazi phakathi kwabaqambi bezikhathi zonke. Namuhla, abaqambi abadumile babhala izingoma ezihlekisayo, ezinonya zamakhathuni athandwa yizingane, njengoGG Gladkov, umbhali womculo wezithombe eziningi zezingane.

G. Gladkov Umculo ovela kukhathuni "Ibhokisi lamapensela"