Amasimbali: incazelo yensimbi, isakhiwo, umlando, izinhlobo, ukusetshenziswa

Amasimbali ayisakhiwo somculo esibambe iqhaza ngokukhuthele ekusebenzeni kwemisebenzi yesimanje ye-pop, empeleni, ingenye yezinto eziqanjiwe ezindala kakhulu emhlabeni. Ama-prototypes atholakala endaweni yamazwe asempumalanga akhona (iTurkey, i-India, iGreece, i-China, i-Armenia), imodeli endala kakhulu yangekhulu lesi-XNUMX BC. AD

Basics

Insimbi yomculo ingeyesigaba sokushaywa. Izinto zokukhiqiza - insimbi. Ukuze kube nokuhlanzeka komsindo, ama-alloys akhethekile asetshenziswa - ayaphonswa, bese enziwa. Namuhla kukhona ama-alloys angu-4 asetshenziswayo:

• insimbi yethusi (i-tin + ithusi ngesilinganiso se-1: 4);
• ithusi elithambile (i-tin + ithusi, kanye nephesenti lethini ku-alloy ephelele ngu-8%);
• ithusi (i-zinc + ithusi, isabelo se-zinc singama-38%);
• isiliva ye-nickel (ithusi + nickel, okuqukethwe kwe-nickel - 12%).

Umsindo wamasimbali ethusi unomsindo, awethusi awuthuntu, awakhanyi kangako. Isigaba sokugcina (kusuka ku-nickel silver) siwukutholwa kongcweti bekhulu lesi-4. Lezi akuzona zonke izinketho zama-alloys asetshenzisiwe, ezinye azisetshenziswa kabanzi, ochwepheshe bakhetha ukusebenzisa izingoma eziyi-XNUMX kuphela kwezingenhla.

Amasimbali ayinsimbi enephimbo elingapheli. Uma uthanda, kungakhishwa noma yimiphi imisindo kuwo, ukuphakama kwawo kuncike ekhonweni lomculi, imizamo eyenziwayo, nezinto ezenziwe.

Amamodeli anamuhla asesimweni samadiski e-convex. Zitholakala kuma-orchestra, amaqembu omculo ahlukahlukene, ama-ensembles. Ukukhishwa komsindo kwenzeka ngokushaya ubuso bamadiski ngamathuluzi akhethekile (izinti, ama-mallet), amasimbali abhanqiwe ashayana.

Ukwakheka kwamapuleti

Le nsimbi yomculo eshaywayo inomumo owubunjiwe. Ingxenye engenhla ye-convex ye-dome ifakwe umgodi - ngenxa yokuthi ipuleti lifakwe ku-rack. Ngokushesha phansi kwe-dome, okubizwa ngokuthi "i-ride-zone" iqala. Indawo yokugibela iwumzimba oyinhloko we-cymbal ethatha indawo enkulu kakhulu.

Indawo yesithathu, eduze nemiphetho yediski, inesibopho sokukhiqiza umsindo - indawo yokuphahlazeka. Indawo yokuphahlazeka incane kunomzimba wesimbali, futhi ukuyishaya kudala imisindo ephezulu kakhulu. Ku-dome, indawo yokugibela ishaywa kaningi: eyokuqala inikeza umsindo ofana nensimbi, eyesibili inikeza i-ping enamathoni.

Umsindo wamasimbali uncike kumapharamitha amathathu ahlobene nesakhiwo:

• ububanzi. Ubukhulu besayizi, umsindo okhiqizwayo unamandla. Emakhonsathini amakhulu kuzolahleka amasimbali amancane, amakhulu azozwakala ngokugcwele.
• Usayizi wedome. Uma i-dome iba nkulu, i-overtones eyengeziwe, i-Play inomsindo kakhulu.
• Ubukhulu. Umsindo obanzi, omkhulu wenziwa amamodeli asindayo, awugqinsi.

Umlando wamasimbali

Ama-analogue amapuleti avele eNkathini Yethusi endaweni yaseChina yasendulo, eJapan, e-Indonesia. Umklamo wawubukeka njengensimbi - umumo we-conical, ngezansi - ukugoba ngendlela yendandatho. Umsindo wawukhishwa ngokushaya insimbi eyodwa kwenye.

Ngemva kwekhulu XIII AD. Insimbi yaseShayina yaphela eMbusweni Wase-Ottoman. AmaTurkey ashintsha ukubukeka, empeleni aletha izingcwecwe ekuchazeni kwawo kwesimanje. Insimbi yayisetshenziswa kakhulu emculweni wezempi.

IYurophu ayizange ihlatshwe umxhwele ilukuluku lasempumalanga. Abaqambi abangochwepheshe nabaculi bahlanganisa amasimbali ku-orchestra lapho kudingekile ukudala isimo se-barbarian empumalanga, ukudlulisa ukunambitheka kwesiTurkey. Bambalwa kuphela ongcweti abakhulu bekhulu lesi-XNUMX neshumi ababhala izingxenye eziphakamisa ukusetshenziswa kwaleli thuluzi - uHaydn, Gluck, Berlioz.

Ikhulu lama-XX-XXI laliyisikhathi sokuqhakaza kwamapuleti. Bangamalungu agcwele ama-orchestra namanye amaqembu omculo. Amamodeli amasha nezindlela zokudlala ziyavela.

izinhlobo

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zezinsimbi, ezihlukene ngosayizi, umsindo, ukubukeka.

Amasimbali abhanqiwe

Amasimbali e-Okhestra amelelwa izinhlobo eziningana, enye yazo i-hi-hat (Hi-hat). Kufakwe amasimbali amabili endaweni eyodwa, elinye libhekene. Isitendi sifakwe indlela yonyawo: esebenza ku-pedal, umculi uhlanganisa izinsimbi ezibhanqiwe, akhiphe umsindo. Ububanzi be-hi-hat obudumile bungamayintshi angu-13-14.

Umbono owabadlali be-jazz: idizayini ihlobise ikhithi yesigubhu ukuze umdlali akwazi ukulawula izigubhu futhi akhiphe umsindo kumasimbali.

Amasimbali alengayo

Lesi sigaba sihlanganisa i-subspecies eminingana:

1. Ukuphahlazeka. Idiski ilengiswe ku-rack. Kungase kube namamodeli ambalwa okuphahlazeka ku-orchestra, futhi lapho enye ishaya enye, umsindo onamandla, webhendi ebanzi uyakhishwa. Uma kunomklamo owodwa kuphela, umculi udlala esebenzisa induku. Ithuluzi linikeza amazwibela ocezu lomculo, alizenzi izingxenye eziyedwana. Izici ezihlukile - unqenqema oluncane, ukujiya okuncane kwedome, ububanzi bamamodeli ochwepheshe asendulo - amasentimitha ayi-16-21.
2. Ukugibela. Umsindo okhishiwe mfushane, kodwa unamandla, uyagqama. Inhloso yethuluzi ukubeka ama-accents. Isici esihlukile unqenqema olujiyile. I-diameter evamile ingamayintshi angu-20. Ukuguqulwa kwemodeli kuyi-sizzle - umzimba wensimbi enjalo ifakwe amaketanga, ama-rivets okucebisa umsindo okhishiwe.
3. Splash. Izici ezihlukile - usayizi omncane, umzimba omncane we-disc. Ubukhulu bamaphethelo bucishe bulingane nobukhulu bedome. Ububanzi bemodeli buyi-intshi engu-12, umsindo uphansi, ufushane, uphakeme.
4. China. Isici - ijamo elibunjiwe, umsindo "ongcolile", okhumbuza imisindo ye-gong. Iqembu lesiShayina lihlanganisa nezinhlobo ezincane ze-swish ne-pang. Ziyafana ngokubukeka, zinomsindo ofanayo.

amasimbali omunwe

Babizwa kanjalo ngenxa yobukhulu babo obuncane - ububanzi obuphakathi bungamasentimitha angu-2 kuphela. Zihlanganiswe neminwe (ephakathi nendawo) ngosizo lwamadivayisi akhethekile, okwakuthiwa ngasese amapuleti esandla. Ekuqaleni yayisetshenziswa abadansi besisu. Izwe lakubo yiNdiya, amazwe ama-Arab. Namuhla akuvamile ukusetshenziswa - emaqenjini ezizwe, phakathi kwabaculi be-rock.