I-Duduk: kuyini, ukwakheka kwezinsimbi, umlando, umsindo, ukukhiqizwa, indlela yokudlala

I-Duduk iyinsimbi yomculo yokhuni. Kubukeka njengeshubhu elinomhlanga ophindwe kabili nezimbobo eziyisishiyagalolunye. Ithole ukusatshalaliswa okubanzi phakathi kwabameleli besizwe saseCaucasia, inani labantu baseNhlonhlweni yaseBalkan kanye nezakhamuzi zaseMpumalanga Ephakathi.

Idivayisi

Ubude bethuluzi busuka ku-28 kuya ku-40 amasentimitha. Izingxenye eziyinhloko zedivayisi iyishubhu kanye nomhlanga okhishwa kabili. Uhlangothi lwangaphambili lunezimbobo ezingu-7-8. Ngakolunye uhlangothi kukhona imbobo eyodwa noma ipheya yesithupha. I-Duduk izwakala ngenxa yokudlidliza okwenzeka ngenxa yamapuleti amabili. Umfutho womoya uyashintsha futhi izimbobo zivale futhi zivuleke: lokhu kulawula umsindo. Imvamisa, umhlanga unento yokulawula ithoni: uma uyicindezela, ithoni iyakhuphuka, uma uyiqeda amandla, iyancipha.

Izinguqulo zokuqala zensimbi zenziwe ngamathambo noma umoba, kodwa namuhla zenziwe kuphela ngokhuni. I-duduk yendabuko yase-Armenia yenziwe ngokhuni lwamabhilikosi, olunekhono eliyivelakancane lokukhala. Izizwe eziningi zisebenzisa ezinye izinto zokukhiqiza, njengeplamu noma i-walnut wood. Nokho, ochwepheshe bathi umsindo wensimbi owenziwe ngezinto ezinjalo ubukhali futhi uphuma emakhaleni.

I-duduk yangempela yase-Armenia ibonakala ngomsindo opholile ofana nezwi lomuntu. Umsindo oyingqayizivele futhi ongenakulinganiswa ufinyelelwa ngenxa yomhlanga obanzi.

Izwakala kanjani i-duduk?

Ibonakala ngomsindo othambile, ombozayo, othule kancane. I-timbre ihlukaniswa ngama-lyricism nokuveza. Umculo uvame ukudlalwa ngamapheya e-duduk ehamba phambili kanye ne-"dam duduk": umsindo wayo udala isimo sokuthula nokuthula. Abantu base-Armenia bakholelwa ukuthi iduduk iveza kangcono ukuthambekela kwabantu ngokomoya kunezinye izinsimbi. Uyakwazi ukuthinta izintambo ezintekenteke kakhulu zomphefumulo womuntu ngomzwelo wakhe. Umqambi u-Aram Khachaturian uyibize ngokuthi ithuluzi elikwazi ukuletha izinyembezi emehlweni akhe.

I-Duduk ihlanganisa ukusebenza kokhiye abahlukene. Isibonelo, insimbi yomculo ende inhle kakhulu ezingomeni ezinezwi, kuyilapho insimbi encane isetshenziswa njengokuphelezela imidanso. Ukubukeka kwensimbi akushintshile kuwo wonke umlando wayo omude, kuyilapho indlela yokudlala isashintshile. Ibanga le-duduk liyi-octave eyodwa kuphela, kodwa kudinga ikhono eliningi ukuze lidlale kahle.

Duduk umlando

Ingaphansi kwesigaba sezinsimbi zomculo zakudala kakhulu emhlabeni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, akwaziwa ukuthi ubani ngempela owasungula i-duduk futhi wayiqopha ngokhuni. Ochwepheshe bathi ukukhulunywa ngayo okokuqala ngqa ezikhumbuzo ezilotshiwe zesifunda sasendulo sase-Urartu. Uma silandela lesi sitatimende, umlando we-duduk cishe uneminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezintathu. Kodwa lena akuyona ukuphela kwenguqulo ebekwe abacwaningi.

Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi umsuka walo uhlobene nokubusa kukaTigran II Omkhulu, owayeyinkosi ngo-95-55 BC. Okunye okukhulunywe ngakho “kwesimanjemanje” nokunemininingwane kwaleli thuluzi kungokwesazi-mlando uMovses Khorenatsi, owayesebenza ngekhulu lesi-XNUMX AD. Ukhuluma ngokuthi "tsiranapokh", ukuhunyushwa kwegama elizwakala njengokuthi "ipayipi elivela esihlahleni samabhilikosi". Ukushiwo kwethuluzi kungabonakala kweminye imibhalo yesandla eminingi yezinkathi ezedlule.

Umlando ufakaza ezifundeni ezihlukahlukene zase-Armenia, ezihlukaniswa yizindawo ezinkulu. Kodwa ama-Armenia ayehlala nakwamanye amazwe. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-duduk yasakazekela kwezinye izindawo. Kungase futhi kusakazeke ngenxa yokuba khona kwemizila yokuhweba: abaningi babo badlula emazweni ase-Armenia. Ukubolekwa kwethuluzi kanye nokwakheka kwalo njengengxenye yesiko labanye abantu kwaholela ezinguqukweni ezadlula kuzo. Zihlobene nomculo, inani lezimbobo, kanye nezinto ezisetshenziselwa ukwenza. Abantu abahlukene bakwazile ukusungula izinsimbi ezifana ne-duduk ngezindlela eziningi: e-Azerbaijan yi-balaban, eGeorgia - iduduks, i-guan - eChina, i-chitiriki - eJapan, ne-mei - eTurkey.

Usebenzisa ithuluzi

Ingoma ivamise ukuculwa ngabaculi ababili. Umculi ophambili udlala ingoma, kuyilapho “idamu” linikeza isizinda esiqhubekayo. I-Duduk ihambisana nokudlalwa kwezingoma zesintu nemidanso, futhi isetshenziswa phakathi nemikhosi yendabuko: enesizotha noma umngcwabo. Lapho umdlali we-duduk wase-Armenia efunda ukudlala, ngesikhathi esifanayo uphatha ezinye izinsimbi zikazwelonke - i-zurnu ne-shvi.

Abadlali beDuduk babe negalelo ekuphelezeleni komculo kwamafilimu amaningi esimanje. Umsindo ovezwayo, othinta imizwa ungatholakala kumisindo yamafilimu aseHollywood. "Umlotha Neqhwa", "Gladiator", "I-Da Vinci Code", "Play of Thrones" - kuwo wonke lawa mafilimu adumile e-cinema yesimanje kukhona ingoma ye-duduk.

Idlalwa kanjani iduduk

Ukuze udlale, udinga ukuthatha umhlanga ngezindebe zakho cishe amamilimitha amahlanu. Akudingekile ukufaka ingcindezi emhlangeni ukuze kuqinisekiswe umsindo ophezulu futhi ocacile. Izihlathi zidinga ukuvuthwa ukuze amazinyo angathinti impahla. Ngemva kwalokho, ungakwazi ukukhipha umsindo.

Izihlathi eziphefumulelwe zenkosi ziyisici esibalulekile sokusebenza. Ukunikezwa komoya kuyakhiwa, ngenxa yokuthi ungakwazi ukuhogela ngamakhala akho ngaphandle kokuphazamisa umsindo wenothi. Le nqubo ayisetshenziswa ekudlaleni ezinye izinsimbi zomculo futhi ithatha ikhono lomdlali. Kuzothatha isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka owodwa wokuqeqeshwa ukuze ube yingcweti ekusebenzeni kochwepheshe.

Abadlali Abadumile

Umdlali we-duduk wase-Armenia owazuza udumo emhlabeni wonke ngenxa yokusebenza kwakhe okunekhono nguJivan Gasparyan. Ikhono lakhe lingahlulelwa ngezingoma ezivela kumafilimu angaphezu kweshumi nambili kanye nokubamba iqhaza kumaphrojekthi aphezulu: isibonelo, ekudaleni ingoma yefilimu ethi "Gladiator", eyaqashelwa njengeyona engcono kakhulu futhi yaklonyeliswa i-Golden Globe.

UGevorg Dabaghyan ungomunye umculi onethalente owawina imiklomelo eminingi, okuhlanganisa neyamazwe ngamazwe. UGevorg usehambele amazwe amaningi ngezinkambo zekhonsathi: njengoKamo Seyranyan, omunye umlingisi ovelele wase-Armenia, osadlulisela amakhono okusebenza anekhono kubafundi bakhe. U-Kamo uhlukaniswa yiqiniso lokuthi akagcini nje ngomculo wendabuko, kodwa futhi wenza izivivinyo, ethula imisindo yoqobo kubalaleli.