U-Elena Aleksandrovna Bekman-Shcherbina (Elena Bekman-Shcherbina) |

U-Elena Bekman-Shcherbina

Emuva maphakathi nawo-30s, umdlali wopiyano wahlanganisa uhlelo lolunye lwezinsuku zakhe zakusihlwa zokugubha usuku lwakhe lokuzalwa olusekelwe ikakhulukazi ezicelweni zabalaleli bomsakazo. Futhi isizathu salokhu akukhona nje ukuthi ngo-1924 wayengumculi oyedwa we-Radio Broadcasting, indawo yokugcina impahla yemvelo yakhe yobuciko yayiyintando yeningi ngokwedlulele. Ngo-1899 waphothula e-Moscow Conservatory ekilasini VI Safonov (ngaphambili othisha bakhe NS Zverev futhi PA Pabst). U-Beckman-Shcherbina kakade ngaleso sikhathi wayefuna ukukhuthaza umculo phakathi kwabantu abaningi. Ikakhulukazi, amakhonsathi akhe amahhala abafundi be-Agricultural Academy ayethandwa kakhulu. Futhi eminyakeni yokuqala ngemva Okthoba Revolution, umdlali wopiyano kwaba iqhaza esibalulekile ezenzakalweni zomculo kanye zemfundo, wadlala emakilabhini abasebenzi, amayunithi ezempi kanye nezintandane. “Lena kwakuyiminyaka enzima,” kubhala u-Beckman-Shcherbina kamuva. Ayengekho uphethiloli, engenawo ukukhanya, ayezilolonga futhi edlala egqoke amajazi oboya, amabhuzu okufefa, emakamelweni abandayo, angenawo ukushisa. Iminwe yaqina kokhiye. Kodwa ngiwakhumbula njalo lamakilasi futhi ngisebenza phakathi naleminyaka ngemfudumalo ekhethekile nomuzwa omkhulu wokwaneliseka. Kamuva, phakathi neMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe, ngesikhathi ephuma, ngesizini ka-1942/43, wabamba uchungechunge lwamakhonsathi ezinkulumo e-Kazan Musical College (kanye nesazi somculo u-VD Konen), esinikezelwe emlandweni womculo wepiyano - kusukela. ama-harpsichordists kanye nezintombi kuDebussy noRavel nabanye.

Ngokuvamile, ingoma ka-Beckman-Shcherbina yayinkulu ngempela (kuphela kumakhonsathi omsakazo phambi kombhobho, wadlala izingcezu ezingaphezu kuka-700). Ngejubane elimangalisayo, umdwebi wafunda izingoma eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Wayenesithakazelo ngokukhethekile kumculo omusha wasekuqaleni kwekhulu le-1907. Akumangalisi ukuthi waba umhlanganyeli "Imibukiso Music" by MI Deisha-Sionitskaya ngo-1911-1900, "Evenings of Modern Music" (1912-40). Izingoma eziningi zikaScriabin zenziwa okokuqala ngu-Beckman-Shcherbina, futhi umbhali ngokwakhe wazisa kakhulu ukudlala kwakhe. Wabuye wethula umphakathi waseRussia emisebenzini kaDebussy, Ravel, Sibelius, Albéniz, Roger-Ducasse. Amagama abantu bakithi S. Prokofiev, R. Gliere, M. Gnesin, A. Crane, V. Nechaev, A. Aleksandrov nabanye abaqambi baseSoviet babevame ukutholakala ezinhlelweni zakhe. Eminyakeni yama-XNUMX, amasampula akhohlwe ingxenye ekhohliwe yezincwadi zepiyano zaseRussia amkhanga - umculo ka-D. Bortnyansky, I. Khandoshkin, M. Glinka, A. Rubinstein, A. Arensky, A. Glazunov.

Ngeshwa, okuqoshiwe okumbalwa, ngisho nalezo ezenziwe eminyakeni yokugcina yokuphila kuka-Beckman-Shcherbina, zinganikeza umqondo othile wokubukeka kwakhe kokudala. Nokho, ofakazi bokuzibonela bagcizelela ngazwi linye ukuba ngokwemvelo nobulula besitayela somdlali wopiyano. "Imvelo yakhe yobuciko," u-A. Alekseev wabhala, "ihluke kakhulu kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lomdwebo, isifiso sokubonisa ikhono ngenxa yekhono ... Ukusebenza kukaBekman-Shcherbina kucacile, ipulasitiki, ngokuphelele mayelana nobuqotho be ukusabalala kwefomu … Isiqalo sakhe esimnandi, esimnandi sihlala siphambili. Umdwebi muhle ikakhulukazi emisebenzini yemvelo elula ye-lyrical, ebhalwe ngokusobala, imibala "ye-watercolor".

Umsebenzi wekhonsathi womdlali wopiyano waqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu kwengxenye yekhulu leminyaka. Cishe njengoba "yesikhathi eside" kwaba umsebenzi pedagogical Beckman-Shcherbina. Emuva ngo-1908, waqala ukufundisa eGnessin Musical College, ahlanganiswe nayo ingxenye yesine yekhulu, kwathi ngo-1912-1918 waqondisa isikole sakhe sopiyano. Kamuva wafunda nabadlali bopiyano abasha eMoscow Conservatory kanye neCentral Correspondence Musical Pedagogical Institute (kwaze kwaba ngu-1941). Ngo-1940 wanikezwa isihloko sokuba uprofesa.

Sengiphetha, kuhle ukubalula isipiliyoni sokuqamba somdlali wepiyano. Ekanye nomyeni wakhe, umculi oyimfundamakhwela u-L, K. Beckman, wakhulula amaqoqo amabili ezingoma zezingane, phakathi kwazo okwakukhona umdlalo othi “Isihlahla sikaKhisimusi Wazalelwa Ehlathini”, esaziwa kakhulu kuze kube namuhla.

Cit.: Izinkumbulo zami.-M., 1962.

Grigoriev L., Platek Ya.