Enrique Granados |

U-Enrique Granados

Ukuvuselelwa komculo kazwelonke weSpanishi kuxhumene nomsebenzi ka-E. Granados. Ukubamba iqhaza enhlanganweni yeRenacimiento, eyakhukhula izwe ekuqaleni kwekhulu lesi-XNUMX nele-XNUMX, kunikeze umqambi umfutho wokwenza amasampula omculo we-classical abheke indlela entsha. Izibalo ze-Renacimiento, ikakhulukazi abaculi u-I. Albeniz, M. de Falla, X. Turina, bafuna ukukhipha isiko laseSpain ekumeni, bavuselele imvelaphi yabo, futhi bakhuphule umculo wezwe ezingeni lezikole zabaqambi baseYurophu. I-Granados, kanye nabanye abaqambi baseSpain, yathonywa kakhulu u-F. Pedrel, umhleli nomholi wemibono ye-Renacimiento, owafakazela ngokwethiyori izindlela zokudala umculo we-Spanish wakudala ku-manifesto "Yomculo Wethu".

UGranados uthole izifundo zakhe zokuqala zomculo kumngane kayise. Ngokushesha umndeni wathuthela e-Barcelona, ​​​​lapho uGranados waba umfundi kathisha odumile X. Pujol (upiyano). Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ufunda ukuqamba noPedrel. Ngenxa yosizo lomxhasi, insizwa enekhono iya eParis. Lapho, wathuthuka endaweni yokugcinwa kwezilwane no-C. Berio ku-piano kanye no-J. Massenet ekuqambeni (1887). Ekilasini likaBerio, uGranados wahlangana noR. Viñes, kamuva owaba umdlali wopiyano odumile waseSpain.

Ngemva kokuhlala iminyaka emibili eParis, uGranados ubuyela ezweni lakubo. Ugcwele izinhlelo zokudala. Ngo-1892, kwenziwa imidanso yakhe yaseSpain ye-orchestra ye-symphony. Wacula yedwa ngempumelelo njengomdlali wopiyano ekhonsathini eyayiqhutshwa u-I. Albeniz, owaqhuba i-“Spanish Rhapsody” yakhe yopiyano ne-orchestra. Nge-P. Casals, iGranados inikeza amakhonsathi emadolobheni aseSpain. “Umshayi wopiyano uGranados ekuculeni kwakhe wahlanganisa umsindo opholile nomnandi onekhono elihle: ngaphezu kwalokho, wayengumculi wemibala ocashile nonekhono,” kubhala umqambi wezingoma waseSpain, umshayi wopiyano nesazi somculo uH. Nin.

I-Granados ihlanganisa ngempumelelo imisebenzi yokudala neyenzayo neyenhlalo neyokufundisa. Ngo-1900 wahlela i-Society of Classical Concerts e-Barcelona, ​​​​futhi ngo-1901 i-Academy of Music, ayihola kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe. UGranados ufuna ukuthuthukisa ukuzimela kokudala kubafundi bakhe - abadlali bopiyano abasebasha. Unikela izinkulumo zakhe kulokhu. Ethuthukisa izindlela ezintsha zokwenza upiyano, ubhala ibhukwana elikhethekile elithi "Pedalization Method".

Ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yefa lokudala le-Granados izingoma zepiyano. Kakade emjikelezweni wokuqala wemidlalo ethi "Imidanso YaseSpain" (1892-1900), uhlanganisa izinto zezwe nezindlela zokubhala zesimanje. Umqambi wazisa kakhulu umsebenzi womculi omkhulu waseSpain uF. Goya. Ehlatshwe umxhwele imidwebo yakhe nemidwebo evela empilweni ye "Macho" ne "Mach", umqambi wenza imijikelezo emibili yemidlalo ebizwa ngokuthi "Goyesques".

Ngokusekelwe kulo mjikelezo, u-Granados ubhala i-opera yegama elifanayo. Yaba umsebenzi wokugcina omkhulu womqambi. IMpi Yezwe Yokuqala yalibazisa umboniso wayo wokuqala eParis, futhi umqambi wanquma ukuyidlala eNew York. Umbukiso wokuqala wenziwa ngo-January 1916. Futhi ngo-March 24, umkhumbi-ngwenya waseJalimane wacwilisa umkhumbi othwala abantu e-English Channel, iGranados eyayibuyela ekhaya.

Ukufa kabuhlungu akuzange kuvumele umqambi ukuthi aqedele izinhlelo zakhe eziningi. Amakhasi angcono kakhulu efa lakhe lokudala aheha izilaleli ngokuthandeka kwazo nemfudumalo. K. Debussy wabhala: “Ngeke ngenze iphutha uma ngisho kanjalo, ngilalele iGranados, kuba sengathi ubona ubuso obujwayelekile nothandekayo isikhathi eside.”

V. Ilyeva