Egon Wellesz |

Egon Welles

Isazi somculo sase-Austrian nomqambi. Udokotela wePhilosophy (1908). Wafunda eVienna noG. Adler (i-musicology) kanye no-K. Fryuling (upiyano, ukuvumelana) eyunivesithi, kanye no-A. Schoenberg (i-counterpoint, ukwakheka).

Ngo-1911-15 wafundisa umlando womculo e-New Conservatory, kusukela ngo-1913 - e-University of Vienna (uprofesa kusukela ngo-1929).

Ngemva kokuthunjwa kwe-Austria yiJalimane lamaNazi, kusukela ngo-1938 wahlala eNgilandi. Wenza umsebenzi wokufundisa nowesayensi eRoyal College of Music eLondon, eCambridge, Oxford (wahola ucwaningo lomculo waseByzantine), Edinburgh Universities, kanye nasePrinceton University (USA).

U-Welles ungomunye wabacwaningi abakhulu bomculo waseByzantine; umsunguli we-Institute of Byzantine Music at the Vienna National Library (1932), wabamba iqhaza emsebenzini weByzantine Research Institute eDumbarton Oaks (USA).

Omunye wabasunguli bohlelo olukhulu "Monumenta musicae Byzantinae" ("Monumenta musicae Byzantinae"), imiqulu eminingi ayilungiselela ngokuzimela. Ngesikhathi esifanayo noG. Tilyard, wachaza umbhalo waseByzantium walokho okubizwa ngokuthi. "inkathi ephakathi" futhi yembula izimiso zokuqamba zokucula iByzantium, ngaleyo ndlela ichaza isiteji esisha ku-Byzantology yomculo.

Inikelwe njengombhali nomhleli ku-New Oxford History of Music; wabhala i-monograph ngo-A. Schoenberg, izindatshana ezishicilelwe nezincwajana mayelana nesikole esisha saseViennese.

Njengomqambi, wathuthuka ngaphansi kwethonya likaG. Mahler noSchoenberg. Ubhale ama-opera nama-ballet, ikakhulukazi emaqenjini ezinhlekelele zasendulo zamaGreki, ezadlalwa ngawo-1920. ezinkundleni zemidlalo yaseshashalazini emadolobheni ahlukahlukene aseJalimane; phakathi kwazo kukhona “Inkosazana Girnar” (1921), “Alcestis” (1924), “Umhlatshelo Wokuthunjwa” (“Opferung der Gefangenen”, 1926), “Ihlaya, Ubuqili Nokuziphindiselela” (“Scherz, List und Rache” , kaJW Goethe, 1928) nabanye; amabhalethi - "Isimangaliso sikaDiana" ("Das Wunder der Diana", 1924), "Persian Ballet" (1924), "Achilles on Skyros" (1927), njll.

Welles - umbhali 5 ama-symphony (1945-58) futhi izinkondlo ze-symphonic - "Pre-Spring" ("Vorfrühling", 1912), "Solemn March" (1929), "Spells of Prospero" ("Prosperos Beschwörungen", esekelwe "Isiphepho" nguShakespeare, 1938), cantata nge orchestra, kuhlanganise ne-"Middle of Life" ("Mitte des Lebens", 1932); eyekwaya ne-orchestra - umjikelezo wamazwi kaRilke "Umthandazo Wamantombazane Kunina KaNkulunkulu" ("Gebet der Mudchen zur Maria", 1909), ikhonsathi yepiyano ne-orchestra (1935), Iyunithi yezinhlamvu ezi-8 nezinye izinsimbi zegumbi, kwaya, uquqaba, amaculo.

Ukwakhiwa: Ukuqala KweBaroque Yomculo kanye nokuQala kwe-Opera eVienna, W., 1922; Byzantine Church Music, Breslau, 1927; Izingxenye zaseMpumalanga ngengoma yaseNtshonalanga, Boston, 1947, Cph., 1967; Umlando womculo waseByzantium kanye ne-hymnography, i-Oxf., 1949, 1961; Umculo Wesonto LaseByzantium, eCologne, ngo-1959; I-New Instrumentation, Vols. 1-2, В., 1928-29; Izindatshana ze-Opera, L., 1950; Umsuka wesistimu yethoni eyishumi nambili kaSchönberg, Wash., 1958; The Hymns of the Eastern Church, Basel, 1962.

References: Schollum R., Egon Wellesz, W., 1964.

Yu.V. I-Keldysh