Gleb Axelrod |

Gleb Axelrod

Ngesinye isikhathi uGleb Axelrod waphawula: “Umsebenzi oyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ungadluliselwa kunoma yiziphi izilaleli uma wenziwa ngobuqotho, ngokuzinikela okuphelele nangokucacile.” Lawa magama aqukethe kakhulu ubuciko beciko. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kubonakala sengathi akugqamisi nje kuphela ukuhlangana okusemthethweni, kodwa futhi nokuzibophezela okuyisisekelo kwale nkosi ezisekelweni eziyisisekelo zesikole sopiyano saseGinzburg.

Njengabanye ozakwabo abaningi, indlela ka-Axelrod eya esigabeni esikhulu sekhonsathi yayidlula “esihlanzweni esinokuncintisana”. Izikhathi ezintathu wangenela izimpi zopiyano futhi kathathu wabuyela ezweni lakubo ehlonishwa umnqobi .. Emncintiswaneni wasePrague oqanjwe ngoSmetana ngo-1951, waklonyeliswa ngomklomelo wokuqala; lokhu kwalandelwa imiqhudelwano yamazwe ngamazwe eyaqanjwa ngoM. Long – J. Thibault eParis (1955, umklomelo wesine) kanye negama likaVian da Mota eLisbon (1957, umklomelo wesibili). I-Axelrod ilungiselele yonke le miqhudelwano ngaphansi kokuqondisa kuka-GR Ginzburg. Ekilasini lalo thisha ovelele, wathweswa iziqu eMoscow Conservatory ngo-1948, futhi ngo-1951 waqeda izifundo zakhe zokuphothula iziqu. Kusukela ngo-1959, u-Axelrod ngokwakhe waqala ukufundisa; ngo-1979 waklonyeliswa ngesicoco sokuba uprofesa.

Okuhlangenwe nakho kwekhonsathi ka-Akselrod (futhi ucula ezweni lakithi naphesheya) sekuyiminyaka engamashumi amane. Ngalesi sikhathi, yiqiniso, isithombe sobuciko esicacile kakhulu somculi sithuthukile, esibonakala ngokuyinhloko ngekhono elihle kakhulu, ukucaca kwezinhloso zokwenza. Kwenye yezibuyekezo, u-A. Gottlieb wabhala: “G. Ngokushesha u-Axelrod uzuza ukwethenjwa komlaleli ngokuqiniseka kwakhe, ukuzola kwangaphakathi komuntu owaziyo ukuthi yini ayilwelayo. Ukusebenza kwakhe, okungokwesiko ngomqondo ongcono kakhulu, kusekelwe ekutadisheni okucatshangelwayo kombhalo kanye nokuchazwa kwawo ongcweti bethu abakhulu. Uhlanganisa isikhumbuzo sokuqamba sekukonke nokuqedwa ngokucophelela kwemininingwane, ukugqama okukhanyayo nokucashile nokukhanya komsindo. Umdlali wopiyano unokunambitheka okuhle futhi uhloniphekile.” Ake sengeze kulokhu esinye isici esivela kumagazini othi "Soviet Music": "I-Gleb Axelrod iyi-virtuoso, efana kakhulu nohlobo lukaCarlo Cecchi ... ubuhlakani obufanayo kanye nokukhululeka ezindimeni, ukukhuthazela okufanayo kumasu amakhulu, ingcindezi efanayo yesimo sengqondo. . Ubuciko be-Axelrod bujabule ngephimbo, imibala egqamile.

Konke lokhu ngokwezinga elithile kunquma ububanzi bokuthambekela kwe-repertory komdwebi. Yiqiniso, ezinhlelweni zakhe kukhona "izinqaba" ezivamile kunoma yimuphi umdlali wekhonsathi: Scarlatti, Haydn, Beethoven, Schubert, Liszt, Chopin, Brahms, Debussy. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukhangwa kakhulu ku-pianoforte Tchaikovsky (Ikhonsathi Yokuqala, I-Grand Sonata, Izinkathi Ezine) kunoRachmaninov. Kumaphosta ekhonsathi ka-Axelrod, cishe njalo sithola amagama abaqambi bekhulu lesi-XNUMX (J. Sibelius, B. Bartok, P. Hindemith ), izingcweti zomculo waseSoviet. Ingasaphathwa "yendabuko" S. Prokofiev, udlala izandulela D. Shostakovich. I-Third Concerto kanye ne-First Sonatina ka-D. Kabalevsky, edlalwa ngu-R. Shchedrin. Ukufuna ukwazi kwe-Axelrod kwe-repertoire kubuye kubonakale eqinisweni lokuthi ngezikhathi ezithile uphendukela ekuqanjweni okungavamile ukwenziwa; Umdlalo ka-Liszt othi “Memories of Russia” noma ukuguqulwa kwe-Scherzo evela ku-Sixth Symphony ka-Tchaikovsky ka-S. Feinberg kungacashunwa njengesibonelo. Ekugcineni, ngokungafani nabanye abaklonyelisiwe, u-Gleb Axelrod ushiya izingcezu ezithile zokuncintisana ku-repertoire yakhe isikhathi eside: imidanso yepiyano ye-Smetana, futhi ngisho nangaphezulu izingcezu zabaqambi bamaPutukezi u-J. de Sousa Carvalho noma J. Seixas, azizwakali kakhulu. ku-repertoire yethu.

Ngokuvamile, njengoba umagazini i-Soviet Music waphawula ngo-1983, “umoya wobusha uyawujabulisa ubuciko bakhe obuphilayo, bokuthatha isinyathelo kuqala.” Ecaphuna njengesibonelo esinye sezinhlelo ezintsha zomdlali wopiyano (izandulela eziyisishiyagalombili zikaShostakovich, yonke imisebenzi yezandla ezine kaBeethoven ehlangene no-O. Glebov, izingcezu ezikhethiwe ngu-Liszt), umbuyekezi udonsela ukunaka eqinisweni lokuthi kwenze kwaba nokwenzeka yembula kokubili izici ezihlukene zobuntu bakhe bokudala kanye namaqhinga e-repertoire yomculi ovuthiwe . “Kokubili eShostakovich naseLiszt umuntu wayekwazi ukubona ukucaca okuqoshiwe kwemisho etholakala ku-G. Axelrod, umsebenzi wokuphimisa, ukuxhumana okungokwemvelo nomculo, nangawo nabalaleli. Impumelelo ethile ilindele umculi ezingomeni zika-Liszt. Injabulo yokuhlangana nomculo kaLiszt - yile ndlela engingathanda ukubiza ngayo umbono wento engavamile, egcwele okutholakele (i-elastic accentuation, ecashile, ngezindlela eziningi ama-nuances ashukumisayo angavamile, umugqa we-rubato owenziwe kancane) ukufundwa kwe-Second Hungarian Rhapsody. . Ku-“The Bells of Geneva” kanye “Ne-Funeral Procession” – ubuciko obufanayo, into efanayo emangalisayo yothando lwangempela, olucebile ngepiyano enemibalabala.

Ubuciko buka-Axelrod buye bathola ukuqashelwa okubanzi ekhaya naphesheya: wavakashela, phakathi kwezinye izinto, e-Italy, eSpain, ePortugal, eFrance, eJalimane, eFinland, eCzechoslovakia, ePoland naseLatin America.

Kusukela ngo-1997 u-G. Axelrod wayehlala eJalimane. Washona ngo-Okthoba 2, 2003 eHannover.

Grigoriev L., Platek Ya.