UGrigory Romanovich Ginzburg |

UGrigory Ginzburg

UGrigory Romanovich Ginzburg weza kwezobuciko zaseSoviet ekuqaleni kweminyaka engamashumi amabili. Ufike ngesikhathi lapho abaculi abanjengo-KN Igumnov, AB Goldenweiser, GG Neuhaus, SE Feinberg babenikela ngamakhonsathi ngokujulile. V. Sofronitsky, M. Yudina wema emsuka wendlela yabo yobuciko. Iminye iminyaka embalwa izodlula - futhi izindaba zokunqoba kwentsha yomculo evela e-USSR eWarsaw, eVienna naseBrussels zizoshanela umhlaba; abantu bazoqamba u-Lev Oborin, u-Emil Gilels, u-Yakov Flier, u-Yakov Zak nontanga yabo. Kuphela ithalente elikhulu ngempela, ubuntu obukhanyayo obuhlukile, obungakwazi ukufiphala ngemuva kulo mlaza ogqamile wamagama, hhayi ukulahlekelwa ilungelo lokunakwa ngumphakathi. Kwenzeka lokhu nje abadlali abebengenawo amakhono bahlehla ethunzini.

Lokhu akwenzekanga ngoGrigory Ginzburg. Kuze kube yizinsuku zokugcina, wahlala elingana nabokuqala ku-pianism yaseSoviet.

Ngesinye isikhathi, lapho ekhuluma nomunye wabaxoxi, uGinzburg wakhumbula isikhathi sakhe sobuntwana: "I-biography yami ilula kakhulu. Kwakungekho noyedwa emndenini wakithi owayengacula noma adlale noma iyiphi insimbi. Umndeni wabazali bami waba ngowokuqala ukwazi ukuthola insimbi yomculo ( upiyano.— I-piano. UMnu. C.) futhi waqala ukwethula izingane emhlabeni womculo. Ngakho thina sobathathu abafowethu saba ngabaculi.” (Izingxoxo zaseGinzburg G. no-A. Vitsinsky. S. 70.).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uGrigory Romanovich uthe amakhono akhe omculo aqala ukubonwa lapho eneminyaka engaba yisithupha. Edolobheni labazali bakhe, u-Nizhny Novgorod, kwakungekho ochwepheshe abanegunya abanele ku-piano pedagogy, futhi waboniswa uprofesa odumile waseMoscow u-Alexander Borisovich Goldenweiser. Lokhu kwanquma isiphetho somfana: wagcina eMoscow, endlini kaGoldenweiser, ekuqaleni njengomfundi nomfundi, kamuva - cishe indodana yokutholwa.

Ukufundisa noGoldenweiser kwakungelula ekuqaleni. "U-Alexander Borisovich wasebenza nami ngokucophelela futhi ngokucindezela kakhulu ... Kwesinye isikhathi kwakunzima kimi. Ngolunye usuku, wathukuthela walahla zonke izincwadi zami zokubhalela emgwaqweni esuka esitezi sesihlanu, futhi kwadingeka ngigijimele ezansi ngiwalandela. Kwakusehlobo lika-1917. Nokho, la makilasi anginikeza okuningi, ngikhumbula ukuphila kwami ​​konke ” (Izingxoxo zaseGinzburg G. no-A. Vitsinsky. S. 72.).

Kuzofika isikhathi, futhi iGinzburg izoduma njengomunye wabadlali bopiyano “abanobuchwepheshe” baseSoviet; lokhu kuzomele kubuyekezwe. Okwamanje, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi wabeka isisekelo sokwenza ubuciko kusukela esemncane, nokuthi indima yomakhi oyinhloko, owayengamele ukwakhiwa kwalesi sisekelo, owakwazi ukuyinikeza ukungathembeki kwe-granite nobulukhuni, inkulu kakhulu. . “… U-Alexander Borisovich unginikeze ukuqeqeshwa okumangalisayo kwezobuchwepheshe. Ukwazile ukuletha umsebenzi wami kumasu ngokuphikelela kwakhe kanye nendlela yakhe emkhawulweni omkhulu ngangokunokwenzeka. ”… (Izingxoxo zaseGinzburg G. no-A. Vitsinsky. S. 72.).

Yiqiniso, izifundo ze-erudite eyaziwa ngokuvamile emculweni, njenge-Goldenweiser, azikhawulelwe ekusebenzeni kwezobuchwepheshe, ubuciko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, awazange ancishiswe ekubeni adlale upiyano olulodwa kuphela. Kwakukhona futhi isikhathi semikhakha yethiyori yomculo, futhi - u-Ginzburg wakhuluma ngalokhu ngenjabulo ethile - ukuze afunde ukubona njalo (izinhlelo eziningi zezandla ezine zemisebenzi kaHaydn, Mozart, Beethoven, nabanye ababhali zaphinde zadlalwa ngale ndlela). U-Alexander Borisovich naye walandela ukuthuthukiswa kobuciko besilwane sakhe esifuywayo: wamethula ezincwadini naseshashalazini, wakhulisa isifiso sobubanzi bemibono kwezobuciko. Indlu yakwaGoldenweisers yayivame ukuvakashelwa izivakashi; phakathi kwabo kwakukhona u-Rachmaninov, Scriabin, Medtner, nabanye abameleli abaningi be-intelligentsia yokudala yangaleyo minyaka. Isimo sezulu somculi osemusha sasinikeza ukuphila futhi sinenzuzo kakhulu; wayenazo zonke izizathu zokuthi esikhathini esizayo “wayenenhlanhla” ngempela eseyingane.

Ngo-1917, iGinzburg yangena eMoscow Conservatory, yathweswa iziqu ngo-1924 (igama lale nsizwa labhalwa ebhodini lemabula Lokuhlonishwa); ngo-1928 izifundo zakhe zeziqu zaphela. Ngonyaka odlule, enye yezindawo ezimaphakathi, omunye angase athi, izenzakalo ezifinyelela umvuthwandaba empilweni yakhe yobuciko zenzeka - Umncintiswano weChopin eWarsaw.

U-Ginzburg wabamba iqhaza emncintiswaneni kanye neqembu labantu bakubo - LN Oborin, DD Shostakovich no-Yu. V. Bryushkov. Ngokwemiphumela yokuhlolwa kokuncintisana, waklonyeliswa ngomklomelo wesine (impumelelo evelele ngokwemibandela yaleyo minyaka kanye nalowo mncintiswano); Oborin iwine indawo yokuqala, Shostakovich futhi Bryushkov waklonyeliswa honorary diploma. Umdlalo womfundi weGoldenweiser ube yimpumelelo enkulu neVarsovians. U-Oborin, lapho ebuyela eMoscow, wakhuluma emaphephandabeni “ngokunqoba” kozakwabo, “ngokushaya ihlombe okuqhubekayo” okwakuhambisana nokubonakala kwakhe esiteji. Ngemva kokuba umnqobi, uGinzburg wavakashela amadolobha asePoland njengohambo lwakhe lokuqala lwangaphandle ekuphileni kwakhe. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, waphinde wavakashela isiteji esijabulisayo sasePoland.

Ngokuqondene nokujwayelana kukaGinzburg nezilaleli zaseSoviet, kwenzeka isikhathi eside ngaphambi kwezenzakalo ezichazwe. Esengumfundi, ngo-1922 wadlala nePersimfans (Persimfans – The First Symphony Ensemble. I-orchestra engenambhidisi, eyayidlalwa njalo nangempumelelo eMoscow ngo-1922-1932) Ikhonsathi ka-Liszt ku-E-flat major. Ngemva konyaka noma emibili, umsebenzi wakhe wokuvakasha, owawungashubi kakhulu ekuqaleni, uyaqala. (“Lapho ngiphothula esikoleni sokufundela umculo ngo-1924,” kukhumbula uGrigory Romanovich, “cishe yayingekho indawo yokudlala ngaphandle kwamakhonsathi amabili ngesizini eSmall Hall. Babengamenywanga ngokukhethekile ezifundazweni. Abaphathi babesaba ukufaka engozini. . Yayingekho i-Philharmonic Society okwamanje …”)

Naphezu kwemihlangano engavamile nomphakathi, igama le-Ginzburg liya ngokuya lithandwa. Uma sibheka ubufakazi obukhona besikhathi esedlule - izinkumbulo, iziqeshana zamaphephandaba amadala - lizuza ukuduma ngisho nangaphambi kokuba umdlali wopiyano aphumelele i-Warsaw. Abalaleli bahlabeke umxhwele ngomdlalo wakhe - uqinile, unembile, uyazethemba; ezimpendulweni zababuyekezi umuntu angakwazi ukubona kalula ukutuswa "okunamandla, okubhubhisa konke" umculi oqalayo, okuthi, kungakhathaliseki ubudala, "ungumuntu ovelele esiteji sekhonsathi yaseMoscow". Ngasikhathi sinye, ukushiyeka kwayo akufihlwa: inkanuko ye-tempos eshesha kakhulu, i-sonorities enomsindo ngokweqile, osobala, ukushaya umphumela ngomunwe "kunshtuk".

Ukugxekwa kwakubamba ngokuyinhloko okwakuphezu, kwahlulelwa ngezimpawu zangaphandle: ijubane, umsindo, ubuchwepheshe, amasu okudlala. Umdlali wepiyano ngokwakhe wabona into esemqoka nento esemqoka. Maphakathi nawo-XNUMX, wavele wabona ukuthi usengene enkathini yenhlekelele - ejulile, ethatha isikhathi eside, eyayihlanganisa ukucabanga okumunyu okungajwayelekile kanye namava akhe. “… Ekupheleni kwe-conservatory, ngase ngizethemba ngokuphelele kimina, ngizethemba emandleni ami angenamkhawulo, futhi ngokoqobo ngemva konyaka ngezwa sengathi akukho engingakwenza – kwakuyinkathi embi kakhulu… umdlalo ngamehlo womunye umuntu, futhi i-narcissism esabekayo yaphenduka ukunganeliseki okuphelele " (Ginzburg G. Ingxoxo no-A. Vitsinsky. S. 76.).

Kamuva, wakuqonda konke. Kwamcacela ukuthi le nkinga iphawule isigaba sezinguquko, iminyaka yakhe yobusha ekwenzeni upiyano isiphelile, nomfundi usenesikhathi sokungena esigabeni samakhosi. Kamuva, waba nezikhathi zokuqinisekisa - ngesibonelo sozakwabo, bese kuba abafundi bakhe - ukuthi isikhathi sokuguqulwa kobuciko asiqhubeki ngokuyimfihlo, ngokungabonakali nangokungenabuhlungu kuwo wonke umuntu. Ufunda ukuthi “ukuhayiza” kwezwi lasesiteji ngalesi sikhathi cishe akunakugwenywa; ukuthi imizwa yokungazwani kwangaphakathi, ukunganeliseki, ukungezwani kungokwemvelo. Khona-ke, eminyakeni engamashumi amabili, i-Ginzburg yaqaphela kuphela ukuthi "kwakuyinkathi embi kakhulu."

Kubonakala sengathi kudala kwakulula kakhulu kuye: wafunda umbhalo womsebenzi, wafunda amanothi ngekhanda - futhi konke okunye kwaphuma ngokwakho. Umculo wemvelo, "umzwelo wemvelo" we-pop, ukunakekela kukathisha - lokhu kususe inani elifanelekile lezinkinga nobunzima. Yaqoshwa - manje kwavela - yomfundi oyisibonelo we-conservatory, kodwa hhayi umculi wekhonsathi.

Wakwazi ukunqoba ubunzima bakhe. Isikhathi sesifikile futhi isizathu, ukuqonda, umcabango wokudala, okuthi, ngokusho kwakhe, wayentula kakhulu emngceleni womsebenzi ozimele, waqala ukunquma okuningi kubuciko bomdlali wepiyano. Kodwa masingahambeli phambili.

Inkinga yathatha cishe iminyaka emibili - izinyanga ezinde zokuzulazula, ukucinga, ukungabaza, ukucabanga ... Kuze kube yisikhathi soMncintiswano weChopin, i-Ginzburg yakwazi ukusho ukuthi izikhathi ezinzima zazishiywe ngemuva. Waphinde wangena emzileni olinganayo, wazuza ukuqina nokuqina kwesinyathelo, wazinqumela yena - ukuthi ukuthi adlale futhi as.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi eyokuqala ukuthi ukudlala bekuhlale kubonakala kuye njengento ebaluleke kakhulu. I-Ginzburg ayizange ibone (ngokuphathelene naye, kunoma yikuphi) i-repertoire "omnivorousness". Engavumelani nemibono yemfashini, wayekholelwa ukuthi umculi odlalayo, njengomlingisi omangalisayo, kufanele abe nendima yakhe - izitayela zokudala, izitayela, abaqambi, nemidlalo eseduze naye. Ekuqaleni, umdlali osemusha wekhonsathi wayethanda uthando, ikakhulukazi uLiszt. Okhaliphile, ozidlayo, ogqoke izingubo zikanokusho zopiyano uLiszt – umbhali wencwadi ethi “Don Giovanni”, “The Marriage of Figaro”, “Dance of Death”, “Campanella”, “Spanish Rhapsody”; lezi zingoma zakha isikhwama segolide sezinhlelo zangaphambi kwempi zase-Ginzburg. (Umculi uzoza komunye u-Liszt – umculi wezingoma ophuphileyo, imbongi, umdali we-Forgotten Waltzes kanye neGrey Clouds, kodwa kamuva.) Yonke into emisebenzini eshiwo ngenhla yayihambisana nemvelo yokusebenza kwe-Ginzburg esikhathini sangemva kokugcinwa komculo. Ewadlala, wayeyingxenye yendabuko yangempela: kuyo yonke inkazimulo yayo, yazibonakalisa lapha, icwebezela futhi icwebezela, isipho sakhe esimangalisayo sobuhle. Ebusheni bakhe, i-playbill ka-Liszt yayivame ukuhlelwa ngemidlalo efana ne-Chopin's A-flat major polonaise, i-Balakirev's Islamey, ukuhluka okudumile kwamaBrahmsian endikimbeni ethi Paganini - umculo wokuthinta kwesiteji okumangalisayo, imibala eminingi egqamile, uhlobo upiyano "Empire".

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okunamathiselwe kwi-repertoire yomdlali wopiyano kwashintsha. Imizwa kwabanye ababhali yehla, kwavuka uthando kwabanye. Uthando lwafika kuma-classical omculo; U-Ginzburg uzohlala ethembekile kuye kuze kube sekupheleni kwezinsuku zakhe. Ngokuqiniseka okugcwele wake washo, ekhuluma ngoMozart noBeethoven benkathi yokuqala nephakathi: “Lona umkhakha wangempela wokusebenzisa amandla ami, yilokhu engikwazi futhi engikwaziyo ngaphezu kwakho konke” (Izingxoxo zaseGinzburg G. no-A. Vitsinsky. S. 78.).

I-Ginzburg yayingasho amazwi afanayo ngomculo waseRussia. Wayeyidlala ngokuthanda futhi kaningi - yonke into esuka ku-Glinka yopiyano, okuningi kusukela ku-Arensky, Scriabin futhi, vele, uTchaikovsky (umshayi wopiyano ngokwakhe wayebheka i-"Lullaby" yakhe phakathi kwempumelelo yakhe enkulu yokuhumusha futhi wayeziqhenya ngayo).

Izindlela zaseGinzburg zobuciko bomculo besimanje zazingelula. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ngisho maphakathi nawo-XNUMX, cishe eminyakeni engamashumi amabili ngemva kokuqala umkhuba wakhe omkhulu ekhonsathini, kwakungekho umugqa owodwa Prokofiev phakathi ukusebenza kwakhe esiteji. Nokho, kamuva, kokubili umculo Prokofiev kanye upiyano opus by Shostakovich avele repertoire yakhe; bobabili ababhali bathatha indawo phakathi kwesithandwa sakhe nesihlonishwa kakhulu. (Akuyona yini into engokomfanekiso: phakathi kwemisebenzi yokugcina umdlali wopiyano ayifunda ekuphileni kwakhe kwakuyi-Sonata Yesibili ka-Shostakovich; uhlelo lomunye wemidlalo yakhe yokugcina yomphakathi lwaluhlanganisa ukukhethwa kwezendulela zomqambi ofanayo.) Enye into futhi iyathakazelisa. Ngokungafani nabadlali bopiyano abaningi besikhathi samanje, i-Ginzburg ayizange ilushaye indiva uhlobo lokubhalwa kwepiyano. Wayehlala edlala okulotshiweyo - kokubili okwabanye nesakhe; wenza izinguquko zekhonsathi zemisebenzi kaPunyani, Rossini, Liszt, Grieg, Ruzhitsky.

Ukwakheka kanye nemvelo yezingcezu ezinikezwa umculi wopiyano emphakathini kwashintsha - indlela yakhe, isitayela, ubuso bokudala bushintshile. Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, akuzange kusale ngisho nomkhondo wokubukisa kwakhe kwasebusheni kobuchwepheshe, ukukhuluma nge-virtuoso. Kakade ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-XNUMX, ukugxekwa kwenza umbono obaluleke kakhulu: “Ekhuluma njengomuntu onekhono, yena (Ginzburg.— Ginzburg.— Ginzburg. UMnu. C.) ucabanga njengomculi” (Kogan G. Izinkinga zopiyano. – M., 1968. P. 367.). Ukubhala ngesandla kokudlala kweciko kuya ngokuya kucace futhi kuzimele, upiyano luya luvuthwa futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, izici zomuntu ngamunye. Izici ezihlukile zalolu phiyano zihlanganiswa kancane kancane esigxotsheni, ngokumelene nengcindezi yamandla, zonke izinhlobo zehaba ezivezayo, umdlalo othi "Sturm und Drang". Ochwepheshe ababukele lo mculi eminyakeni yangaphambi kwempi bathi: "Imibono engalawuliwe," i-bravura enomsindo ", imibuthano yomsindo, i-pedal" amafu namafu "akuyona neze into yakhe. Hhayi ku-fortissimo, kodwa ku-pianissimo, hhayi ngesiphithiphithi semibala, kodwa ku-plasticity yomdwebo, hhayi nge-brioso, kodwa ku-leggiero - amandla amakhulu e-Ginzburg " (Kogan G. Izinkinga zopiyano. – M., 1968. P. 368.).

Ukugqama kokubukeka komdlali wopiyano kufinyelela ekupheleni eminyakeni yamashumi amane namashumi amahlanu. Abaningi basakhumbula i-Ginzburg yalezo zikhathi: umculi okhaliphile, onolwazi olunzulu nowaqinisekisa ngokunengqondo nobufakazi obuqinile bemiqondo yakhe, ethakathwa ngokunambitheka kwakhe okuhle, ukuhlanzeka okuthile okukhethekile nokungafihli kwesitayela sakhe sokucula. (Phambilini, ukukhanga kwakhe uMozart, uBeethoven kwashiwo; kungenzeka ukuthi akuzange kwenzeke ngengozi, njengoba kwabonisa izici ezithile zesimiso salolu hlobo lobuciko.) Ngempela, umbala wakudala wokudlala kweGinzburg ucacile, uyavumelana, uqondiswa ngaphakathi, ulinganisela ngokujwayelekile. kanye nemininingwane – mhlawumbe isici esiphawuleka kakhulu sendlela yokudala yomdlali wepiyano. Nakhu okuhlukanisa ubuciko bakhe, inkulumo yakhe yokukhuluma kusukela kumazwi omculo angenangqondo kaSofronitsky, ukuqhuma kothando kukaNeuhaus, izinkondlo ezithambile neziqotho zika-Oborin osemncane, isikhumbuzo sopiyano sikaGilles, ukuphindaphinda okuthintekayo kweFlier.

Lapho esekwazi kahle ukuntuleka "kokuqiniswa", njengoba esho, ukwenza intuition, intuition. Wafika kulento abeyifuna. Siyeza isikhathi lapho ubuhle be-Ginzburg (alikho elinye igama) lobuciko “isilinganiso” esizimemezela ngaso phezulu kwephimbo laso. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yimuphi umbhali aphendukela kuye eminyakeni yakhe yokukhula - u-Bach noma u-Shostakovich, u-Mozart noma u-Liszt, u-Beethoven noma u-Chopin - emdlalweni wakhe umuntu wayengahlala ezwa ukubaluleka komqondo wokuhumusha ocatshangelwe okuningiliziwe, onqunywe engqondweni. Okungahleliwe, okuzenzakalelayo, akwenziwanga ukusebenza okucacile inhloso – cishe yayingekho indawo yakho konke lokhu ekuchazeni i-Ginzburg. Ngakho-ke - ukunemba kwezinkondlo kanye nokunemba kwakamuva, ukunemba kwawo okuphezulu kobuciko, okunenjongo. ukuqonda. "Kunzima ukuyeka umqondo wokuthi umcabango ngezinye izikhathi ulandela ngokushesha umfutho ongokomzwelo lapha, njengokungathi ukwazi komdlali wopiyano, owadala isithombe sobuciko kuqala, wabe esevusa ukuzwa komculo okufanayo" (Rabinovich D. Izithombe zabadlali bopiyano. - M., 1962. P. 125.), — Abagxeki babelane ngemibono yabo ngokudlala komdlali wopiyano.

Isiqalo sobuciko nesobuhlakani sase-Ginzburg sibonisa zonke izixhumanisi zenqubo yokudala. Kuyisici, isibonelo, ukuthi ingxenye ebalulekile yomsebenzi wesithombe somculo wenziwa nguye ngokuqondile "engqondweni yakhe", hhayi ekhibhodi. (Njengoba nazi, isimiso esifanayo sasivame ukusetshenziswa ezigabeni zikaBusoni, Hoffmann, Gieseking nezinye izingcweti ezazisebenzisa lokho okubizwa ngokuthi “i-psychotechnical” method.) “… Yena (Ginzburg.— Ginzburg. UMnu. C.), wahlala esihlalweni esinethezekile futhi ezolile futhi, evala amehlo akhe, “wadlala” umsebenzi ngamunye kusukela ekuqaleni kuya ekugcineni ehamba kancane, eveza esethulweni sakhe ngokunemba okuphelele yonke imininingwane yombhalo, umsindo wombhalo ngamunye. inothi nayo yonke indwangu yomculo iyonke. Wayehlala eshintshana ngokudlala ithuluzi eliqinisekisa ingqondo nokuthuthukisa izingcezu azifundile. (Nikolaev AGR Ginzburg / / Imibuzo yokusebenza kwepiyano. – M., 1968. Issue 2. P. 179.). Ngemva komsebenzi onjalo, ngokusho kukaGinzburg, umdlalo ohunyushiwe waqala ukuvela engqondweni yakhe ngokucacile nangokucacile. Ungangeza: emiqondweni yomculi kuphela, kodwa futhi nomphakathi owahambela amakhonsathi akhe.

Kusuka endaweni yokugcina impahla yokucabanga komdlalo wase-Ginzburg - kanye nokubala okukhethekile okungokomzwelo kokusebenza kwakhe: ukuvinjelwa, okuqinile, ngezinye izikhathi kungathi "kufihliwe". Ubuciko bomdlali wepiyano abukakaze buqhume ngokuphazima okukhanyayo kothando; kwaba nenkulumo, yenzeka, “yokuntula” kwakhe ngokomzwelo. Kwakungelula neze (imizuzu emibi kakhulu ayibali, wonke umuntu angaba nayo) - nayo yonke i-laconicism, ngisho nokufihlakala kokubonakaliswa kwemizwelo, imizwa yomculi yayinenjongo futhi iyathakazelisa ngendlela yabo.

“Kwakubonakala kimina njalo ukuthi uGinzburg wayengumculi womculo oyimfihlo, enamahloni okugcina umphefumulo wakhe uvuleke,” omunye wababuyekezi wake waphawula kumdlali wopiyano. Liningi iqiniso kula mazwi. Amarekhodi egilamafoni aseGinzburg asindile; baziswa kakhulu yizazi zefilosofi nabathandi bomculo. (Umdlali wopiyano uqophe i-impromptu ka-Chopin, izinkulumo zika-Scriabin, okulotshwe izingoma zika-Schubert, i-sonatas ka-Mozart no-Grieg, uMedtner no-Prokofiev, edlalwa ngu-Weber, Schumann, Liszt, Tchaikovsky, Myaskovsky nokunye okuningi.); ngisho nakulawo madiski - ofakazi abangathembekile, abaphuthelwa okuningi ngesikhathi sabo - umuntu angaqagela ubuqili, cishe amahloni ephimbo lomculi. Ukuqagela, naphezu kokuntuleka kobudlelwane obukhethekile noma "ukusondelana" kuye. Kunesaga sesiFulentshi: asikho isidingo sokudabula isifuba sakho ukuze ubonise ukuthi unenhliziyo. Cishe, Ginzburg umculi wacabanga ngendlela efanayo.

I-Contemporaries iphawule ngazwilinye ikilasi lokudlala upiyano elisezingeni eliphezulu lase-Ginzburg, umdlalo wakhe oyingqayizivele. ikhono. (Sesixoxile kakade ukuthi ukweleta malini mayelana nalokhu hhayi nje kuphela ngemvelo nokukhuthala, kodwa naku-AB Goldenweiser). Bambalwa ozakwabo abakwazile ukudalula amathuba acacile nawezobuchwepheshe epiyano ngokuphelela okukhulu njengoba enza; bambalwa abantu ababewazi futhi baqonda, njengoba ayewazi, “umphefumulo” wensimbi yakhe. Wabizwa ngokuthi "imbongi yekhono lomculo wepiyano", wancoma "umlingo" wesu lakhe. Ngempela, ukuphelela, ukuphelela okungenakuqhathaniswa kwalokho u-Ginzburg akwenza ekhibhodi yepiyano, kwamkhetha ngisho naphakathi kwabadlali bekhonsathi abadume kakhulu. Ngaphandle kwalapho abambalwa bebengaqhathanisa naye emsebenzini ovulekile wokujaha ukuhlotshiswa kwamaphaseji, ukukhanya nobuhle bokusebenza kwamaculo noma ama-octave, ukuzungeza okuhle kwamabinzana, ukucija kobucwebe bazo zonke izici kanye nemininingwane yokuthungwa kwepiyano. (“Ukudlala kwakhe,” kubhala abantu besikhathi sakhe ngokutusa, “okusikhumbuza uleyisi ocolekile, lapho izandla ezinekhono nezihlakaniphile zelukwa ngokucophelela yonke imininingwane yephethini ewubukhazikhazi - wonke ifindo, yonke iluphu.”) Ngeke kube ihaba ukusho ukuthi umculi wopiyano omangalisayo. ikhono - esinye sezici ezihlaba umxhwele nezikhangayo kumfanekiso womculi.

Ngezinye izikhathi, cha, cha, yebo, futhi kwavezwa umbono wokuthi ukufaneleka kokudlala kwe-Ginzburg kungase kuthiwe ikakhulukazi kwangaphandle ku-pianism, kufomu lomsindo. Lokhu, yiqiniso, kwakungekho ngaphandle kokwenza lula okuthile. Kuyaziwa ukuthi uhlobo nokuqukethwe kwezobuciko bokwenza umculo akufani; kodwa i-organic, ubunye obungancibiliki abunamibandela. Enye lapha ingena kwenye, ihlangana nayo ngezibopho zangaphakathi ezingenakubalwa. Kungakho uGG Neuhaus abhala ngesikhathi sakhe ukuthi ku-pianism kungaba “nzima ukudweba umugqa oqondile phakathi komsebenzi wesu nomsebenzi womculo…”, ngoba “noma yikuphi ukuthuthukiswa kwezinqubo kuwukuthuthukiswa kwezobuciko ngokwazo, okusho ukuthi kusiza ukuhlonza okuqukethwe, “incazelo efihliwe…” (Neigauz G. On the art of upiyano. – M., 1958. P. 7. Qaphela ukuthi idlanzana labanye abaculi, hhayi abadlali bopiyano kuphela, baphikisana ngendlela efanayo. Umbhidisi odumile uF. Weingartner wathi: “Isimo esihle
 ayinakuhlukaniswa kusukela kubuciko obuphilayo (i-detente yami. - G. Ts.). Futhi ngenxa yokuthi idla umoya wobuciko ngokwawo, ingadlulisela lomoya emhlabeni ”(ecashunwe encwadini: Conductor Performance. M., 1975. P. 176).).

Uthisha waseGinzburg wenza izinto eziningi ezithakazelisayo neziwusizo ngesikhathi sakhe. Phakathi kwabafundi bakhe eMoscow Conservatory umuntu wayekwazi ukubona abantu ababedume kabi ngesiko lomculo laseSoviet - S. Dorensky, G. Axelrod, A. Skavronsky, A. Nikolaev, I. Ilyin, I. Chernyshov, M. Pollak ... Bonke ngokubonga wakhumbula kamuva isikole abadlula kuso ngaphansi kokuqondisa komculi omangalisayo.

UGinzburg, ngokusho kwabo, wagxilisa kubafundi bakhe isiko lochwepheshe eliphakeme. Wafundisa ukuvumelana nokuhleleka okuqinile okwakubusa ngobuciko bakhe.

Elandela u-AB Goldenweiser futhi elandela isibonelo sakhe, waba nesandla ngazo zonke izindlela ekuthuthukisweni kwezithakazelo ezibanzi nezihlangene phakathi kwabafundi abasebasha. Futhi-ke, wayeyingcweti yokufunda ukudlala upiyano: enolwazi olukhulu lwasesiteji, futhi wayenesipho esijabulisayo sokwabelana ngalo nabanye. (Ginsburg uthisha kuzoxoxwa ngakho kamuva, endabeni enikezelwe komunye wabafundi bakhe abahamba phambili, uS. Dorensky.).

U-Ginzburg wayejabulela ukuhlonishwa okuphezulu phakathi kozakwabo ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe, igama lakhe lashiwo ngenhlonipho yibo bobabili ochwepheshe kanye nabathandi bomculo abanekhono. Kodwa nokho, umdlali wopiyano, mhlawumbe, wayengenalo ukuqashelwa ukuthi wayenelungelo lokubala. Lapho eshona, kwezwakala amazwi okuthi abantu besikhathi sakhe babengamamukeli ngokugcwele. Mhlawumbe… Uma usuka kude nomlando, indawo kanye neqhaza lomdwebi esikhathini esidlule kunqunywa ngokunembe kakhudlwana: ngemva kwakho konke, omkhulu “umuntu akakwazi ukubona ubuso nobuso”, ubonakala ekude.

Ngaphambi nje kokufa kukaGrigory Ginzburg, elinye lamaphephandaba akwamanye amazwe lambiza ngokuthi “umphathi omkhulu wesizukulwane esidala sabadlali bopiyano baseSoviet.” Ngesinye isikhathi, izitatimende ezinjalo, mhlawumbe, azizange zinikezwe inani elikhulu. Namuhla, emashumini eminyaka kamuva, izinto zihlukile.

G. Tsypin