Umlando Werekhoda

Vimba umtshingo wuhlobo lomtshingo. Imele insimbi yomculo evuthuzayo yohlobo lwempempe. Lona umtshingo welongitudinal, okuthi, ngokungafani nowe-transverse, ubanjwe ubude, njengoba igama ngokwalo lifakaza. Umoya uvuthela embobeni eyenziwe ekugcineni kweshubhu. Eduze kwalo mgodi kukhona enye - indawo yokuphuma, enobuso obunqamula emoyeni. Konke lokhu kufana nensimbi yocingo. Kunezimbobo ezikhethekile zeminwe epayipini. Ukuze ukhiphe amathoni ahlukene, izimbobo ziyisigamu noma zimbozwe ngokuphelele ngeminwe. Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo, kukhona ama-valve angu-7 ohlangothini olungaphambili lwerekhoda kanye ne-valve eyodwa eyengeziwe (i-octave) ohlangothini olungemuva.

Izinzuzo zokuqopha

Izinto zokwenziwa kwaleli thuluzi ngokuyinhloko kwakuyizinkuni. I-maple, i-boxwood, iplamu, i-pear, kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke i-mahogany yayiyifanelekela le njongo. Namuhla, amarekhodi amaningi enziwe ngepulasitiki. Ithuluzi elinjalo lihlala isikhathi eside, ukuqhekeka akuveli kulo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, njengoba kwenzeka ngokhuni. Umtshingo wepulasitiki unamakhono amahle kakhulu omculo. Enye inzuzo ebalulekile yerekhoda inani layo eliphansi, elenza libe insimbi yomoya ethengekayo. Namuhla, irekhoda isetshenziswa emculweni wesintu, ukufundisa izingane, akuzwakali emisebenzini yomculo we-classical.

Umlando wokubukeka nokusatshalaliswa kwethuluzi

Umtshingo, njengoba wazi, iyinsimbi yomculo endala kunazo zonke eyaziwa isintu ezikhathini zangaphambi komlando. I-prototype yayo ibhekwa njengekhwela, eyathuthukiswa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngokungeza izimbobo zeminwe ukushintsha ithoni yomsindo. Umtshingo wasakazeka cishe yonke indawo eNkathini Ephakathi.  Ngekhulu lesi-9 AD. kuvele kukhulunywe okokuqala ngomqophi, okungabe kusadidaniswa nomtshingo. Emlandweni wokubukeka nokuthuthukiswa kokurekhoda, izigaba eziningana kufanele zihlukaniswe. Ngekhulu le-14, kwakuyinsimbi ebaluleke kakhulu eyayihambisana nokucula. Umsindo wensimbi wawungemkhulu, kodwa wawumnandi kakhulu. Kukholakala ukuthi abaculi abahambahambayo baba nesandla esikhulu ekusabalaleni kwayo. Ngekhulu le-15 nele-16, ukurekhoda uyeka ukudlala indima ehamba phambili yezinsimbi zomculo ezenza umculo wezwi nomdanso. Incwadi yokuzifundisa ngokudlala irekhodi, kanye nemibhalo yomculo, yaqala ukuvela ngekhulu le-16. Inkathi ye-Baroque yaphawulwa ukuhlukaniswa kokugcina kumculo wezwi nowezinsimbi. Umsindo wesirekhodi esithuthukisiwe sezobuchwepheshe usucebile, ucebile, futhi kuvela irekhoda "ye-baroque". Ungenye yezinsimbi zomculo ezihamba phambili, imisebenzi eminingi yenzelwe yena. U-GF Handel, A. Vivaldi, JS Bach ubhalele irekhoda.

Irekhoda iya “ethunzini”

Ekhulwini le-18, inani lomtshingo liyancipha kancane kancane, kusukela ensimbi ehamba phambili liba elihambisanayo. Umtshingo ovundlayo, onomsindo omkhulu nobubanzi obubanzi, washintsha ngokushesha indawo yesirekhodi. Izincwadi ezindala zabaqambi abadumile zibhalwa kabusha emtshingoni omusha, futhi zibhalwa ezintsha. Insimbi yakhishwa ekuqanjweni kwama-symphony orchestra, ngezinye izikhathi asetshenziswa kuma-operetta naphakathi kwezimfundamakhwela. Ucishe wakhohlwa insimbi. Futhi kuphela phakathi nekhulu lama-20 umrekhoda waphinde wathola ukuthandwa. Okungenakubaluleka okuncane kulokhu kwakuyintengo yensimbi, eshibhe izikhathi eziningi kunomtshingo ophambanayo obizayo.