Amahlaya emculweni we-classic

Umculo uwubuciko bomhlaba wonke; iyakwazi ukukhombisa zonke izigigaba ezikhona emhlabeni, okuhlanganisa into enzima ukuyichaza yamahlaya. Amahlaya emculweni angahlotshaniswa nombhalo wamahlaya - ku-opera, i-operetta, ezothando, kodwa noma yikuphi ukwakheka kwezinsimbi kungagcwaliswa ngakho.

Amaqhinga amancane abaqambi abakhulu

Kunezindlela eziningi zokukhuluma zomculo ukudala umphumela ohlekisayo:

• amanothi angamanga afakwe ngamabomu endwangu yomculo;
• ukumisa isikhashana okungenasizathu;
• ukwanda okungafanele noma ukwehla kwe-sonority;
• ukufakwa emgqeni womculo wezinto ezihluke ngokucijile ezingahambelani nezinto eziyinhloko;
• ukulingisa imisindo ezwakala kalula;
• nemisindo nokunye okuningi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, imisebenzi yomculo enomlingisi ojabulayo nojabulayo, ononya noma odlalayo ingafakwa kalula esigabeni samahlaya, njengoba umqondo wokuthi "amahlaya" ngomqondo obanzi uyikho konke okubangela ukujabula kwenhliziyo. Lokhu, isibonelo, "I-Little Night Serenade" ka-W. Mozart.

W. Mozart "I-Little Night Serenade"

Zonke izinhlobo zingaphansi kwamahlaya

Amahlaya emculweni anobuso obuningi. Ayinangozi ihlaya, ihlaya, okucasulayo, ukubhuqa aphenduke abe ngaphansi kwepeni lomqambi. Kukhona uhlobo olucebile lwemisebenzi yomculo ehlobene namahlaya: njll. Cishe yonke i-symphony yakudala ne-sonata eyabhalwa kusukela ngesikhathi sika-L. Beethoven ine-"scherzo" (imvamisa umnyakazo wesithathu). Ngokuvamile igcwele amandla nokunyakaza, amahlaya amahle futhi ingafaka isilaleli esimweni esihle.

Kunezibonelo ezaziwayo ze-scherzo njengesiqephu esizimele. Amahlaya emculweni avezwa ngokucace kakhulu ku-scherzino kaMP Mussorgsky. Umdlalo ubizwa ngokuthi “I-Ballet of the Unhatched Chicks.” Emculweni, umuntu ungezwa ukutshiyoza kwenyoni, ukundiza kwamaphiko amancane, nokugxuma okucashile. Umphumela wamahlaya owengeziwe udalwa iculo lomdanso elibushelelezi, eliklanywe ngokusobala (ingxenye emaphakathi iwunxantathu), ozwakala ngokuphambene nengemuva lama-trill acwebezelayo kurejista ephezulu.

MP Mussorgsky. I-Ballet Yamatshwele Angaqashiwe

ochungechungeni oluthi “Izithombe Embukisweni”

Amahlaya avame kakhulu emculweni wakudala wabaqambi baseRussia. Kwanele ukusho uhlobo lwe-comic opera, eyaziwa emculweni waseRussia kusukela ngekhulu le-18. Kumaqhawe amahlaya kuma-opera angasoze abunake, kunezindlela eziyisici zokuvezwa komculo:

• i-recitative secco ("eyomile");
• iphethini yamahlaya;
• ubulula bamabomu bephethini ye-melodic;
• ukuphindaphinda okuningi kwemisho ye-melodic ne-harmonic.

Zonke lezi zici ziqukethwe ku-Rondo ka-Farlaf ebabazekayo, ebhalelwe i-buffoon bass (i-opera ka-MI Glinka ethi “Ruslan and Lyudmila”).

MI Glinka. URondo Farlafa ovela ku-opera "Ruslan noLyudmila"

Amahlaya angapheli

Amahlaya emculweni we-classic awasho lutho, futhi namuhla kuzwakala kusha, kufakwe ngezindlela ezintsha zomculo ezizwakalayo ezitholwa abaqambi besimanje. U-RK Shchedrin wabhala umdlalo othi “Humoresque,” ​​owakhiwe engxoxweni yokucophelela, ukweqa, “ukuceba” uhlobo oluthile lobubi, oluqinile futhi oluqinile. Ekugcineni, ama-antics aphikelelayo nokuhleka usulu kuyanyamalala ngaphansi kwemisindo ebukhali, "ngaphandle kokubekezela" kokugcina.

RK Shchedrin Humoreska

Ukuhlakanipha, ukujabula, ithemba, indida, ukucacisa kuyisici semvelo nomculo we-SS Prokofiev. I-opera yakhe yamahlaya ethi “The Love for Three Oranges” ibonakala igxile kuzo zonke izinhlobo zamahlaya ezikhona kusukela ehlayeni elingenabungozi kuye kokuhlekisayo, okuyihlazo nokubhuqa.

Izingcezu ze-opera ethi "The Love for Three Oranges"

Akukho okungajabulisa inkosana edabukile ize ithole amawolintshi amathathu. Lokhu kudinga isibindi nentando yeqhawe. Ngemuva kwezigigaba eziningi ezihlekisayo ezenzeke neNkosana, iqhawe elikhulile lithola uPrincess Ninetta kwelinye lamawolintshi futhi limsindise ezinkolweni ezimbi. Isiphetho sokunqoba, esijabulisayo siphetha i-opera.